Spark plasma sintering (SPS) and conventional vacuum sintering (VS) wereemployed to fabricate ultrafine Ti(C,N)-based cermets. The shrinkage behavior, microstracture, andporosity and mechanical properties of the sampl...Spark plasma sintering (SPS) and conventional vacuum sintering (VS) wereemployed to fabricate ultrafine Ti(C,N)-based cermets. The shrinkage behavior, microstracture, andporosity and mechanical properties of the samples fabricated by SPS were compared with those of thesamples sintered by VS using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, universal testingmachine, and rockwell tester. The results are as follows: (1) The shrinkage process occurred mainlyin the range of 1000-1300 deg C during the VS process, and only a 0.2 percent linear shrinkage ratioappeared below 800 deg C; during the SPS process, a 60 percent dimensional change occurred below800 deg C as a result of pressure action. (2) By utilizing the SPS technique, it is difficult forobtaining fully dense Ti(C,N)-based cermets. Due to the much existence of pores and un-combinedcarbon, the mechanical properties of the sintered samples by SPS are inferior to sintered ones byVS. (3) grain size of the samples sintered by SPS is still below 0.5 urn, but not by VS; because oflow sintering temperature, there are no typical core/rim structures formed in the sintered samplesby SPS1; the main microstructures of the sintered samples by SPS2 are a white core/grey shellstructure, whereas by VS show a typical black core/grey shell structure.展开更多
This paper presents a robotic system for weld-joint inspection of the big-caliber pipeline, which is developed for the purpose of being utilized as automation platform for X-ray real-time imaging inspection technique ...This paper presents a robotic system for weld-joint inspection of the big-caliber pipeline, which is developed for the purpose of being utilized as automation platform for X-ray real-time imaging inspection technique (RTIIT). The robot can perform autonomous seeking and locating of weld-seam position in-pipe, and under the control of synchro-follow control technique it can accomplish the technologic task of weld inspection. The robotic system is equipped with a small focal spot and directional beam X-ray tube, so the higher definition image of weld-seam can be obtained. Several key techniques about the robotic system developed are also explained in detail. Its construction is outlined.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50074017), the Natural Sci-ence Foundation of Hubei Province (No.2003ABA092) and the Doctoral Education Fundation of China (No.1999048714).
文摘Spark plasma sintering (SPS) and conventional vacuum sintering (VS) wereemployed to fabricate ultrafine Ti(C,N)-based cermets. The shrinkage behavior, microstracture, andporosity and mechanical properties of the samples fabricated by SPS were compared with those of thesamples sintered by VS using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, universal testingmachine, and rockwell tester. The results are as follows: (1) The shrinkage process occurred mainlyin the range of 1000-1300 deg C during the VS process, and only a 0.2 percent linear shrinkage ratioappeared below 800 deg C; during the SPS process, a 60 percent dimensional change occurred below800 deg C as a result of pressure action. (2) By utilizing the SPS technique, it is difficult forobtaining fully dense Ti(C,N)-based cermets. Due to the much existence of pores and un-combinedcarbon, the mechanical properties of the sintered samples by SPS are inferior to sintered ones byVS. (3) grain size of the samples sintered by SPS is still below 0.5 urn, but not by VS; because oflow sintering temperature, there are no typical core/rim structures formed in the sintered samplesby SPS1; the main microstructures of the sintered samples by SPS2 are a white core/grey shellstructure, whereas by VS show a typical black core/grey shell structure.
文摘This paper presents a robotic system for weld-joint inspection of the big-caliber pipeline, which is developed for the purpose of being utilized as automation platform for X-ray real-time imaging inspection technique (RTIIT). The robot can perform autonomous seeking and locating of weld-seam position in-pipe, and under the control of synchro-follow control technique it can accomplish the technologic task of weld inspection. The robotic system is equipped with a small focal spot and directional beam X-ray tube, so the higher definition image of weld-seam can be obtained. Several key techniques about the robotic system developed are also explained in detail. Its construction is outlined.
