Ultrahigh thermoelectric properties of p‐type Bi_(x)Sb_(2−x)Te_(3) thin films with exceptional flexibility for wearable energy harvesting

Use of a flexible thermoelectric source is a feasible approach to realizing selfpowered wearable electronics and the Internet of Things.Inorganic thin films are promising candidates for fabricating flexible power supply,but obtaining highthermoelectric‐performance thin films remains a big challenge.In the present work,a p‐type Bi_(x)Sb_(2−x)Te_(3) thin film is designed with a high figure of merit of 1.11 at 393 K and exceptional flexibility(less than 5%increase in resistance after 1000 cycles of bending at a radius of∼5 mm).The favorable comprehensive performance of the Bi_(x)Sb_(2−x)Te_(3) flexible thin film is due to its excellent crystallinity,optimized carrier concentration,and low elastic modulus,which have been verified by experiments and theoretical calculations.Further,a flexible device is fabricated using the prepared p‐type Bi_(x)Sb_(2−x)Te_(3) and n‐type Ag_(2)Se thin films.Consequently,an outstanding power density of∼1028μWcm^(−2)is achieved at a temperature difference of 25 K.This work extends a novel concept to the fabrication of highperformance flexible thin films and devices for wearable energy harvesting.

FUE技术在大面积男性型脱发修复中的应用

目的：观察采用FUE技术对IV-VI级男性型脱发患者进行毛发种植的临床效果。方法：男性大面积脱发患者86例，IV级36例，V级38例，VI级12例。采用直径1mm的FollicularUnitExtraction（FUE）提取针获取后枕部供区毛囊，毛囊单位数约2600～3900毛囊单位（FollicularUnits，Fus），采用1.2mm的宝石刀在发际线及顶部受区打孔，按毛发自然生长方向打孔并将毛囊植入孔内。结果：术后随访大于12个月，6例患者早期后枕部出现毛囊炎，经局部及全身抗炎治疗后治愈，未影响毛囊成活率；6例患者因密度不高进行了二次移植。患者毛囊成活率高，均达到90%以上，患者对术后效果均较满意。结论：采用FUE技术修复大面积男性脱发效果好，值得临床推广。

Design of the Full-disk Magneto Graph (FMG) onboard the ASO-S

The Full-disk Magneto Graph(FMG),a payload onboard the Advanced Space Solar Observatory(ASO-S),will measure the vector magnetic field in the photosphere.The instrument consists of a frontwindow filter,a telescope,an LCVR polarimeter,an image-stabilization system,a seven-stage tunable Lyot filter,a CMOS camera with 4096×4096 pixels and a pair of calibration/focus wheels.In this paper,we describe the design of the FMG instrument and provide a summary of test observations carried out with the FMG prototype.

The Solar Upper Transition Region Imager(SUTRI)Onboard the SATech-01 Satellite

The Solar Upper Transition Region Imager(SUTRI)onboard the Space Advanced Technology demonstration satellite(SATech-01),which was launched to a Sun-synchronous orbit at a height of~500 km in 2022 July,aims to test the on-orbit performance of our newly developed Sc/Si multi-layer reflecting mirror and the 2k×2k EUV CMOS imaging camera and to take full-disk solar images at the Ne VII 46.5 nm spectral line with a filter width of~3 nm.SUTRI employs a Ritchey-Chrétien optical system with an aperture of 18 cm.The on-orbit observations show that SUTRI images have a field of view of~416×416 and a moderate spatial resolution of~8″without an image stabilization system.The normal cadence of SUTRI images is 30 s and the solar observation time is about16 hr each day because the earth eclipse time accounts for about 1/3 of SATech-01's orbit period.Approximately15 GB data is acquired each day and made available online after processing.SUTRI images are valuable as the Ne VII 46.5 nm line is formed at a temperature regime of~0.5 MK in the solar atmosphere,which has rarely been sampled by existing solar imagers.SUTRI observations will establish connections between structures in the lower solar atmosphere and corona,and advance our understanding of various types of solar activity such as flares,filament eruptions,coronal jets and coronal mass ejections.

不同包装方式对冷鲜猪肉品质及假单胞菌生长的影响

【目的】探索冷鲜猪肉贮藏期间品质劣变情况及假单胞菌生长状况,为冷鲜肉贮藏期品质判断提供依据。【方法】采用真空、保鲜盒和热收缩膜3种方式包装冷鲜猪肉,检测4℃下贮藏第0、2、4、6、8天时肉样中假单胞菌菌落数及细菌菌落总数、感官指标、pH值、色差、水分活度值、TVB-N值的变化。【结果】相对于保鲜盒包装,真空包装和热收缩膜包装均能抑制冷鲜猪肉中菌落总数及假单胞菌菌落数增长;贮藏第4天,保鲜盒组肉样的菌落总数达到6.99 lg(CFU·g-1),真空包装组第6天才达到6.46 lg(CFU·g-1);贮藏第6天,保鲜盒组肉样中假单胞菌数最高达到7.58 lg(CFU·g-1),真空包装组和热收缩膜组分别达到了5.00 lg(CFU·g-1)、6.27 lg(CFU·g-1),显著低于保鲜盒组;贮藏期间,3组肉样的TVB-N值均呈现出上升的趋势,保鲜盒组第6天TVB-N值达到158.7 mg·kg-1,真空包装组和热收缩膜组在贮藏第8天时超过150 mg·kg-1;水分活度测定中,第4天真空包装组和热收缩膜包装组AW值大于保鲜盒包装组,贮藏第6天起,各组肉样的水分活度趋于稳定差异不显著(p>0.05);贮藏前2 d,保鲜盒组肉样L*值较高,而贮藏后期,热收缩膜组和真空包装组能维持较高的L*值;保鲜盒组肉样的a*值均整体先上升后下降趋势,热收缩膜组和真空包装组呈下降趋势,真空包装能较好延缓a*值下降;第8天,保鲜盒组肉样pH值最高,已接近7.0,热收缩膜组与真空包装组肉样pH值差异不显著(p>0.05),且均低于6。在反映肉质新鲜度上,猪肉的感官与a*值、pH值、AW值、TVB-N值、假单胞菌数相关性比较大。【结论】真空包装可以能抑制冷鲜猪肉细菌的增长、延缓TVB-N值的增长,在短期内能更好维护冷鲜猪肉的品质。

Semi-supervised Support Vector Regression Model for Remote Sensing Water Quality Retrieving

This paper proposed a semi-supervised regression model with co-training algorithm based on support vector machine, which was used for retrieving water quality variables from SPOT 5 remote sensing data. The model consisted of two support vector regressors (SVRs). Nonlinear relationship between water quality variables and SPOT 5 spectrum was described by the two SVRs, and semi-supervised co-training algorithm for the SVRs was es-tablished. The model was used for retrieving concentrations of four representative pollution indicators―permangan- ate index (CODmn), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) of the Weihe River in Shaanxi Province, China. The spatial distribution map for those variables over a part of the Weihe River was also produced. SVR can be used to implement any nonlinear mapping readily, and semi-supervis- ed learning can make use of both labeled and unlabeled samples. By integrating the two SVRs and using semi-supervised learning, we provide an operational method when paired samples are limited. The results show that it is much better than the multiple statistical regression method, and can provide the whole water pollution condi-tions for management fast and can be extended to hyperspectral remote sensing applications.

Combining Ability and Breeding Potential of Rapeseed Elite Lines for Pod Shatter Resistance

Pod shatter resistance of rapeseed is of great importance for modem farming practice. In order to determine the combining ability of elite inbred lines and the breeding potential of rapeseed hybrids in terms of pod shatter resistance, analysis of a 6×6 incomplete diallel cross was conducted at two locations. Results showed that a significant variation existed among breeding lines and their F1 hybrids for pod shatter resistant index （SRI）, pod length and width. Pod shatter resistance was significantly positively correlated with pod length. The general combining ability （GCA） effects （GCA=l.58） played a more important role than specific combining ability （SCA） effects （SCA=0.20） for pod shatter trait. The elite lines R1, 1019B and 1055B displayed significant positive GCA effects for pod shatter resistance. Four crosses （1019B×R1, 1015B×R1, 6098B×R1, and 8908B×R1） with high mean performance and positive SCA effects were recommended for developing new hybrids for mechanical harvest in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

Prediction calculations for the first criticality of the HTR-PM using the PANGU code

The high-temperature reactor pebble-bed mod-ule(HTR-PM)is a modular high-temperature gas-cooled reactor demonstration power plant.Its first criticality experiment is scheduled for the latter half of 2021.Before performing the first criticality experiment,a prediction calculation was performed using PANGU code.This paper presents the calculation details for predicting the HTR-PM first criticality using PANGU,including the input model and parameters,numerical results,and uncertainty analysis.The accuracy of the PANGU code was demonstrated by comparing it with the high-fidelity Monte Carlo solution,using the same input configurations.It should be noted that k eff can be significantly affected by uncertainties in nuclear data and certain input parameters,making the criticality calculation challenge.Finally,the PANGU is used to pre-dict the critical loading height of the HTR-PM first criti-cality under design conditions,which will be evaluated in the upcoming experiment later this year.

Numerical simulation and land subsidence control for deep foundation pit dewatering of Longyang Road Station on Shanghai Metro Line 18

In terms of controlling groundwater in deep foundation pit projects, the usual methods include increasing the curtain depth, reducing the amount of pumped groundwater, and implementing integrated control, in order to reduce the drawdown and land subsidence outside pits. In dewatering design for confined water, factors including drawdown requirements, the thickness of aquifers, the depth of dewatering wells and the depth of cutoff curtains have to be considered comprehensively and numerical simulations are generally conducted for calculation and analysis. Longyang Road Station on Shanghai Metro Line 18 is taken as the case study subject in this paper, a groundwater seepage model is developed according to the on-site engineering geological conditions and hydrogeological conditions, the excavation depth of the foundation pit as well as the design depth of the enclosure, hydrogeological parameters are determined via the pumping test, and the foundation pit dewatering is simulated by means of the three-dimensional finite difference method, which produces numerical results that consistent with real monitoring data as to the groundwater table. Besides, the drawdown and the land subsidence both inside and outside the pit caused by foundation pit dewatering are calculated and analyzed for various curtain depths. This study reveals that the drawdown and the land subsidence change faster near the curtain with the increase in the curtain depth, and the gradient of drawdown and land subsidence changes dwindles beyond certain depths. In this project, the curtain depth of 47/49 m is adopted, and a drawdown-land subsidence verification test is completed given hanging curtains before the excavation. The result turns out that the real measurements basically match the calculation results from the numerical simulation, and by increasing the depth of curtains, the land subsidence resulting from dewatering is effectively controlled.

Accumulation and exploration of petroleum reservoirs in west slope of northern Songliao Basin, China

On the basis of the present situation of oil and gas exploration and geological research of the west slope in the northern Songliao Basin, the factors controlling reservoir formation, oil and gas migration and accumulation, have been re-examined from the aspects of structure, deposition and reservoir formation. The results show that:(1) The west slope is a gentle slope which overlaps to the west, and nose structure is developed near the hydrocarbon generation depression, which is in the dominant direction area of hydrocarbon migration. A series of NE structural belts are developed on the slope and are favorable places for oil and gas accumulation.(2) The west slope can be further divided into the upper slope and the lower slope, and there are many kinds of oil and gas reservoirs, including structural, structural-lithologic and lithologic ones. In the upper slope, the major oil layer is Sartu controlled by structure;in the lower slope, multi-layers are oil-bearing, and the oil reservoirs are mostly composite ones.(3) Faults, unconformity surfaces and continuous sand bodies are the main channels of oil and gas migration;structure, sand body and fault jointly control the oil and gas enrichment in the slope;and the matching relationship between micro-amplitude and sand body, small fault and sand body control the oil and gas accumulation. On the basis of the above research, fine identification and effectiveness evaluation technology of composite trap has been developed through extensive study. Combination traps were identified by multiple technologies, including fault classification, micro-amplitude structure identification, fine sedimentation research, and lithologic trap identification by waveform indication inversion;and then the configuration relationship between fault and sand body, structural amplitude and sand body were analyzed to set up the evaluation criteria of effective traps. According to the criteria, the traps were selected to enhance the exploration success rate.

知识产权战略与企业数字化转型--基于渐进双重差分模型的实证分析

知识产权示范城市作为国家知识产权战略实施的先行示范区发挥着重要作用,知识产权战略对企业数字化转型也有积极意义。基于2008—2021年沪深A股上市公司数据,使用渐进双重差分模型(DID)验证知识产权战略是否对企业数字化转型产生影响。结果表明,知识产权战略能够显著赋能企业数字化转型,通过平行趋势和动态效应检验、安慰剂检验和倾向得分匹配等多种稳健性检验后,结论依然成立;从作用机制来看,知识产权战略通过专利补贴促进效应和技术创新激励效应显著赋能企业数字化转型。

复合蔬菜汁部分替代亚硝酸盐对鲜烧鸡保质期的影响

文章主要研究了复配的天然蔬菜汁部分替代亚硝酸盐对鲜烧鸡保质期的影响。以挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)值、pH值和色差值等指标进行单因素试验,确定各因素的最佳范围;在单因素试验的基础上选择3个水平进行正交试验,得出复合蔬菜汁的最佳配比。结果表明,蔬菜汁添加量在10%~20%之间,胡萝卜汁、芹菜汁和亚硝酸盐的配比为10%胡萝卜汁+20%芹菜汁+0.005%亚硝酸盐时,防腐效果最佳。在常温贮存8 d后,鲜烧鸡的色泽、感官品质较对照组有明显差异。此时烧鸡的TVB-N值为13.085 1 mg/100 g,硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)值为0.377 6 mg/kg,亚硝酸盐残留量为8.542 mg/kg,均低于国家标准。结果表明,利用天然蔬菜汁部分替代亚硝酸盐在传统肉制品中应用,加工方式绿色健康,具有广阔的前景。

超音速火焰喷涂制备CoNiCrAlY涂层性能研究

CoNiCrAlY涂层常用作工作层和金属基体之间的过渡层。采用了SHV-50超音速火焰喷涂设备在45钢表面制备了CoNiCrAlY涂层。分析了CoNiCrAlY涂层的微观组织结构、显微硬度、孔隙率、表面粗糙度、结合强度、电化学性能。结果表明:SHV-50超音速火焰喷涂获得的CoNiCrAlY涂层的孔隙率为0.48%,涂层的平均显微硬度为497.2HV0.2,涂层结合强度均值达70 MPa,抗热震次数达26次,涂层的表面粗糙度平均值为Ra6.43,利于工作层与过渡层的结合。CoNiCrAlY涂层的抗电化学腐蚀能力强于基体。SHV-50超音速火焰喷涂设备制备的CoNiCrAlY涂层可用作工作层和金属基体之间的过渡层。

乳腺纤维瘤病14例临床病理学分析及文献复习

目的探讨乳腺纤维瘤病(BF)临床病理特征、诊断、鉴别诊断及预后。方法回顾性分析14例BF的影像及病理学、免疫组化特征和预后。结果患者年龄21~33岁,中位年龄25岁,均为女性,肿瘤大小0.7~4.5 cm,中位大小2.1 cm。镜下见形态温和的梭形细胞和胶原纤维束状排列,浸润乳腺实质,局部淋巴细胞浸润,以边缘区最明显。免疫组化:7例β-catenin核阳性,11例SMA阳性;9例Desmin阳性;CKpan、CK5/6、p63、ER、PR、CD34、S-100均呈阴性,Ki-67均小于5%。随访期内均未见复发、转移。结论BF为少见的乳腺间质肿瘤,临床易误诊为癌,细针穿刺病理同样易漏诊、误诊;正确的诊断有赖于病理检查。多学科诊疗治疗模式下,综合评估肿瘤生长进展、肿瘤负荷和并发症等情况选择合理的综合治疗策略非常重要。

基于TDA4VM的疲劳状态实时检测系统设计

针对传统嵌入式平台疲劳状态检测系统识别精度低和实时性差的问题,设计了一种基于TDA4VM异构多核处理器的疲劳状态实时检测系统。TDA4VM嵌入式处理器通过摄像头获取图像并进行目标检测,STM32微控制器控制外设模块,包括GPS模块、GSM模块和语音模块。在目标检测算法方面,先在YOLOX目标检测算法中引入注意力机制模块CBAM(Convolutional Block Attention Module),再对激活函数进行改进,并优化小滑窗替换算法。将训练后的YOLOX模型部署在硬件平台上,实际车载实验结果表明,在不同环境下疲劳状态检测精度可达到95.3%,同时还实现了30帧/s的实时检测。该检测系统具备精度高、实时性强和教学简易等特点,在实验教学和工程应用方面具有一定的参考价值。

青年人群结直肠息肉的临床特征及相关因素

目的:分析青年人群结直肠息肉患病的发病特点及相关危险因素,为该人群的预防、早期筛查和治疗提供科学依据。方法:共收集首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院消化内镜中心行电子结肠镜检查且年龄≤40岁的患者443例,其中223例为结直肠息肉组,220例为正常对照组。总结青年人群结直肠息肉的临床和病理特点,分析青年人群结直肠息肉影响因素,比较两组在性别、体重、身高、体质量指数(BMI)、吸烟、饮酒、甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血尿酸(UA)、空腹血糖(FBG)、癌胚抗原(CEA)等方面的差异。结果:共检出并行活检的息肉有412枚。青年结直肠息肉的发病率男性高于女性,大多数患者未表现出临床症状。多数息肉为多发性,其中2~5个息肉的发生率最高,直径以0.6~0.9 cm为主,乙状结肠是最常见的部位,主要形态为扁平型(山田Ⅰ型)。病理类型以增生性、管状腺瘤和炎性息肉居多。发生结直肠息肉与性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒、身高、体重、BMI、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、UA、CEA均有相关性(P<0.05)。饮酒、CEA是青年结直肠息肉的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:青年人群结直肠息肉的检出率呈上升趋势,受多种因素影响,应重视结肠镜的健康体检,特别是青年高危人群。同时加强早期筛查和健康教育。

妇科护士加速康复外科理念知信行现状的调查研究

目的了解妇科护士加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)理念知信行现状。方法2023年8月,采取便利抽样法和滚雪球抽样法,选取来自20个省份的1553名妇科护士作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、妇科护士ERAS理念知信行问卷对其进行调查。结果共回收有效问卷1470份,有效问卷回收率为94.66%。1470名妇科护士ERAS理念知信行得分分别为(15.75±3.53)分、(23.57±2.62)分、(94.58±19.39)分。所在医院类别、所在科室床位数、ERAS实施时间、ERAS相关指南内容知晓情况、所在科室ERAS相关规章或流程拥有情况、成立ERAS小组情况、组织开展ERAS相关培训情况不同的妇科护士ERAS理念知信行得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妇科护士对ERAS的态度较为积极,但知识、行为水平仍有较大提升空间。护理管理者应注重对妇科护士ERAS理念知信行水平的评估,并基于妇科护士ERAS理念知信行水平特征对其进行针对性的干预,进而提高其ERAS理念知信行水平,保障ERAS在妇科手术围术期管理中的顺利实施,提升其实施效果。

基于健康体检人群分析青年骨量异常的现状及影响因素

目的分析北京市参加健康体检人群中的青年骨量异常患者的特点及影响因素,为骨量减少和骨质疏松的防治提供依据和参考。方法收集2023年1-7月在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院健康体检行骨密度检查且年龄≤40岁人群共973人,其中,骨量异常青年人群348人,骨量正常青年人群625人,选取潜在相关指标分析青年体检人群的骨量异常发生情况及可能影响因素。结果青年体检人群骨量异常发生率为35.77%,其中,骨量减少人群占91.67%,骨质疏松症人群占8.33%,男性占57.47%,女性占42.53%。通过单变量分析,骨量异常的发生与多种因素有关,包括性别、年龄、体重、身体质量指数、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血尿酸,吸烟与饮酒等(P<0.05);进一步的多变量Logistic回归分析表明,年龄(OR=1.045)、较低的身体质量指数(OR=0.761)、甘油三酯(OR=2.828)、血尿酸(OR=1.007)、饮酒(OR=5.238)、吸烟(OR=1.853)是发生骨量异常的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论青年人群骨量减少和骨质疏松检出率呈上升趋势,应重视健康体检,并积极进行骨密度早期筛查。

针灸并联机器人虚拟仿真在线实验教学设计

为了提升学生的综合应用及创新实践能力,针对机器人实验教学存在的时间场地不可及、易受硬件条件约束等问题,在特定针灸任务驱动下,围绕机器人运动学模型、轨迹规划、姿态控制、位置控制等知识点,运用虚拟仿真技术构建了可扩展性强、界面直观、场景流畅、可交互操作的并联机器人在线实验教学系统,服务于机器人控制实践等课程教学。有效激发了学生的学习兴趣,提升了学生拓展迁移所学知识解决实际工程问题的能力,为培养满足国家需求的新工科创新人才提供了条件。

小型高效气动立式预混装置异形桨叶工作特性研究

为解决某交联剂在预混时溶解慢、易挥发、对操作人员危害大等问题,开发了一套采用单轴异形桨叶的可远程控制的小型高效立式气动预混装置。通过有限元方法计算了四种搅拌叶片的流场特性,分析了异形桨叶和其他三种常用桨叶的总体流型、速度流线分布。结果表明,在预混转速为45 rpm时,异形叶片可实现交联剂径向流动,使旋转中心的交联剂充分混合,有效防止中心死区的出现,展现出良好的预混性能,预混时间由人工预混的6 h缩短为2 h,乙腈溶液挥发量减少了60.8%,有效解决了交联剂挥发和挂壁析出问题,提高了交联剂的预混效率。