程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death receptor-1,PD-1)和程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand-1,PD-L1)是重要的免疫调节因子。PD-1与PD-L1结合可抑制T细胞的活化与增殖过程,进而介导癌细胞的免疫逃逸。研究发现PD-1/PD-L1单抗用...程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death receptor-1,PD-1)和程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand-1,PD-L1)是重要的免疫调节因子。PD-1与PD-L1结合可抑制T细胞的活化与增殖过程,进而介导癌细胞的免疫逃逸。研究发现PD-1/PD-L1单抗用于术前辅助治疗可显著提高肺癌患者的客观及病理缓解率,对于靶向耐药的患者也有良好的疗效。本文对PD-1/PD-L1单抗在靶向耐药和肺癌术前辅助治疗中的最新进展进行综述,详细列出了免疫治疗能够改善肺癌患者靶向治疗耐药后临床预后的证据,表明免疫治疗在肺癌术前辅助治疗方面具有极大潜力。展开更多
China＇s 7000 m manned submersible JIAOLONG carried out an exploration cruise at the Mariana Trench from June to July 2016. The submersible completed nine manned dives on the north and south area of the Mariana Trench...China＇s 7000 m manned submersible JIAOLONG carried out an exploration cruise at the Mariana Trench from June to July 2016. The submersible completed nine manned dives on the north and south area of the Mariana Trench from the depth of 5500 to 6700 m, to investigate the geological, biological and chemical characteristics in the hadal area. During the cruise, JIAOLONG deployed a gas-tight serial sampler to collect the water near the sea bottom regularly. Five days later, the sub located the sampler in another dive and retrieved it successfully from the same location, which is the first time that scientists and engineers finished the high accuracy in-situ deployment and retrieval using a manned submersible with Ultra-Short Base Line （USBL） positioning system at the depth more than 6600 m. In this task, we used not only the USBL system of the manned submersible but also a compound strategy, including five position marks, the sea floor terrain, the depth contour, and the heading of the sub. This paper introduces the compound strategy of the target deployment and retrieval with the practical diving experience of JIAOLONG, and provides a promising technique for other underwater vehicles such as manned submersible or Remote Operated Vehicle （ROV） under similar conditions.展开更多
文摘程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death receptor-1,PD-1)和程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand-1,PD-L1)是重要的免疫调节因子。PD-1与PD-L1结合可抑制T细胞的活化与增殖过程,进而介导癌细胞的免疫逃逸。研究发现PD-1/PD-L1单抗用于术前辅助治疗可显著提高肺癌患者的客观及病理缓解率,对于靶向耐药的患者也有良好的疗效。本文对PD-1/PD-L1单抗在靶向耐药和肺癌术前辅助治疗中的最新进展进行综述,详细列出了免疫治疗能够改善肺癌患者靶向治疗耐药后临床预后的证据,表明免疫治疗在肺癌术前辅助治疗方面具有极大潜力。
基金financially supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61703118)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0501703)+1 种基金Taishan Scholars Climbing Program of Shandong(Grant No.TSPD20161007)International Marine Resources Investigation and Development Program of China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association and the Strategic Precursor Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘China＇s 7000 m manned submersible JIAOLONG carried out an exploration cruise at the Mariana Trench from June to July 2016. The submersible completed nine manned dives on the north and south area of the Mariana Trench from the depth of 5500 to 6700 m, to investigate the geological, biological and chemical characteristics in the hadal area. During the cruise, JIAOLONG deployed a gas-tight serial sampler to collect the water near the sea bottom regularly. Five days later, the sub located the sampler in another dive and retrieved it successfully from the same location, which is the first time that scientists and engineers finished the high accuracy in-situ deployment and retrieval using a manned submersible with Ultra-Short Base Line （USBL） positioning system at the depth more than 6600 m. In this task, we used not only the USBL system of the manned submersible but also a compound strategy, including five position marks, the sea floor terrain, the depth contour, and the heading of the sub. This paper introduces the compound strategy of the target deployment and retrieval with the practical diving experience of JIAOLONG, and provides a promising technique for other underwater vehicles such as manned submersible or Remote Operated Vehicle （ROV） under similar conditions.
