The bending and free vibration of porous functionally graded(PFG)beams resting on elastic foundations are analyzed.The material features of the PFG beam are assumed to vary continuously through the thickness according...The bending and free vibration of porous functionally graded(PFG)beams resting on elastic foundations are analyzed.The material features of the PFG beam are assumed to vary continuously through the thickness according to the volume fraction of components.The foundation medium is also considered to be linear,homogeneous,and isotropic,and modeled using the Winkler-Pasternak law.The hyperbolic shear deformation theory is applied for the kinematic relations,and the equations of motion are obtained using the Hamilton’s principle.An analytical solution is presented accordingly,assuming that the PFG beam is simply supported.Comparisons with the open literature are implemented to verify the validity of such a formulation.The effects of the elastic foundations,porosity volume percentage and span-to-depth ratio are finally discussed in detail.展开更多
Omni Processors(OP)are machines which use sludge as a fuel to generate electricity and clean water,but create ash at the same time.In the present study,fly ash and bottom ash are investigated as materials for potentia...Omni Processors(OP)are machines which use sludge as a fuel to generate electricity and clean water,but create ash at the same time.In the present study,fly ash and bottom ash are investigated as materials for potential reuse in the construction field.First,the granular size,density and Blaine finesse are determined.Then,the chemical composition and microstructure are obtained by means of X-ray fluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(SEM-EDS),respectively.Finally,ashes reactivity is determined by two chemical methods(modified Chapelle test,bound water content R3)and a mechanical method(pozzolanic activity index).The characterization results indicate two material types:fly ash similar to cement and bottom ash similar to fine sand.That’s why the mortars mechanical strength with fly ash 0%-30%is better than that with bottom ash at the same rate.Fly ash slightly decreases the mechanical strength of mortars while bottom ash induces a much more significant decrease.展开更多
文摘The bending and free vibration of porous functionally graded(PFG)beams resting on elastic foundations are analyzed.The material features of the PFG beam are assumed to vary continuously through the thickness according to the volume fraction of components.The foundation medium is also considered to be linear,homogeneous,and isotropic,and modeled using the Winkler-Pasternak law.The hyperbolic shear deformation theory is applied for the kinematic relations,and the equations of motion are obtained using the Hamilton’s principle.An analytical solution is presented accordingly,assuming that the PFG beam is simply supported.Comparisons with the open literature are implemented to verify the validity of such a formulation.The effects of the elastic foundations,porosity volume percentage and span-to-depth ratio are finally discussed in detail.
文摘Omni Processors(OP)are machines which use sludge as a fuel to generate electricity and clean water,but create ash at the same time.In the present study,fly ash and bottom ash are investigated as materials for potential reuse in the construction field.First,the granular size,density and Blaine finesse are determined.Then,the chemical composition and microstructure are obtained by means of X-ray fluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(SEM-EDS),respectively.Finally,ashes reactivity is determined by two chemical methods(modified Chapelle test,bound water content R3)and a mechanical method(pozzolanic activity index).The characterization results indicate two material types:fly ash similar to cement and bottom ash similar to fine sand.That’s why the mortars mechanical strength with fly ash 0%-30%is better than that with bottom ash at the same rate.Fly ash slightly decreases the mechanical strength of mortars while bottom ash induces a much more significant decrease.
