Relationship of GPRC6A and PKCzeta expression levels in prostate cancer lesions with cell proliferation and EMT

Objective: To study the relationship of GPRC6A and PKCzeta expression levels in prostate cancer lesions with cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods:Patients with prostate cancer and patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who received surgical resection in Huizhou Third People's Hospital between June 2014 and March 2017 were selected, right amount of prostate cancer tissue and tissue adjacent to carcinoma was collected from patients with prostate cancer, and the expression of GPRC6A, PKCzeta, cell proliferation genes and EMT genes in lesions were detected. Results: GPRC6A, Survivin, SRSF1, Bcl-xl, N-cadherin and Vimentin expression in prostate cancer lesions and adjacent lesions were significantly higher than those in benign prostatic hyperplasia lesions while PKCzeta, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Apaf-1, E-cadherin and CK5/6 expression were significantly lower than those in benign prostatic hyperplasia lesions;Survivin, SRSF1 and Bcl-xl expression in prostate cancer lesions with lower PKCzeta expression were significantly higher than those in prostate cancer lesions with higher PKCzeta expression while Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and Apaf-1 expression were significantly lower than those in prostate cancer lesions with higher PKCzeta expression;E-cadherin and CK5/6 expression in prostate cancer lesions with lower GPRC6A expression were significantly higher than those in prostate cancer lesions with higher GPRC6A expression while N-cadherin and Vimentin expression were significantly lower than those in prostate cancer lesions with higher GPRC6A expression. Conclusion:Highly expressed GPRC6A and lowly expressed PKCzeta in prostate cancer lesions can promote cell EMT and proliferation respectively.

Further monopole effects in neutron-rich Sb isotopes

The level spectra of neutron-rich Sb isotopes have been investigated within a shell-model space containing cross-shell excitations and the intruder orbit i_(13/2).High-spin levels(27/2^(-))and(29/2^(-))in 135 Sb are taken over by the monopole effect induced by orbit i_(13/2).The ground state and excited levels in ^(136)Sb are well improved by considering the monopole correction between neutron orbits f_(7/2) and h_(9/2).The energy shrinking of the first excited state 5/2^(+)in ^(135,137)Sb isotopes is explained by theπd_(5/2) shift due to the attractiveπd5/2νf_(7/2) monopole interaction when increasingly more neutrons occupy orbit f_(7/2).The ground state of ^(139)Sb is predicted as 5/2^(+)owing to the shrinking of the 5/2^(+)states in Sb isotopes that causes ground state inversion when N=88.Further monopole effects extend the applicable range of the present Hamiltonian to nuclei with more neutrons above the N=82 shell.This Hamiltonian will be public,and researchers are encouraged to contact the authors.