建设美好生活新时代的三重伦理自觉

建设美好生活新时代蕴含着个体性、民族性和世界性的三重伦理自觉。个体性伦理自觉要求“现实的人”是美好生活新时代的建设者和利益的享有者;民族性伦理自觉认识到美好生活新时代并不是在所有民族都能实现的,中国特色社会主义制度为建设美好生活新时代提供了制度保障;世界性伦理自觉揭示了在全球化时代,人类面临的许多危机和挑战警示人们,各国人民只有团结互助、携手合作,才能共建真正共同体并且共享美好人类未来。这三重伦理自觉,对反思传统生产方式和价值观念,建设美好生活新时代,具有重大的理论意义和现实价值,体现了现实个人追求美好生活的个体性、中国特色社会主义的民族性和人类命运共同体的世界性的有机统一。

Double open mouse-like terpyridine parts based amphiphilic ionic molecules displaying strengthened chemical adsorption for anticorrosion of copper in sulfuric acid solution

In this study,the benign target double terpyridine parts based amphiphilic ionic molecules(AIMs 1,2)and the reference single terpyridine segment included AIMs(AIMs 3,4)were synthesized through a multi-step method,and the molecular structures were fully characterized.The excellent anticorrosion of the target AIMs for copper surface in H_(2)SO_(4) solution was demonstrated by the electrochemistry analysis,which was more superior over those of the reference AIMs.The standard adsorption free energy changes of the target AIMs calculated by the adsorption isotherms were lower than -40 kJ·mol^(-1),suggesting an intensified chemical adsorption on metal surface.The molecular modeling and molecular dynamic computation of the studied AIMs were performed,demonstrating that the target AIMs exhibited lower highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps and greater adsorption energies than the reference ones.The chemical adsorption of the AIMs on metal surface was revealed by various spectroscopic methods including scanning electron microscopy,atomic force microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy,Raman and X-ray diffraction.

Enhanced adsorption of target branched compounds including antibiotic norfloxacin frameworks on mild steel surface for efficient protection: An experimental and molecular modelling study

In this study, an approach was proposed to employ new target branched compounds(TBCs) including multiple antibiotic norfloxacin frameworks for intensified adsorption films to achieve super protection of mild steel in HCl medium. Thus, the TBCs containing bis/tri norfloxacin skeletons were synthesized by multi-step preparation route. In addition, the reference linear compound(RLC) including a single norfloxacin part was also synthesized. The chemical structures of these compounds were confirmed by various means. It was demonstrated that the TBCs could form the tough adsorption films on the surface of mild steel, which could be processed mainly through chemisorption effect. The electrochemical analysis suggested that the TBCs displayed superior corrosion inhibition performance for low carbon steel in1.0 mol·L^(-1) HCl solution over the RLC(RLC, 87.80%;TBC1, 97.63%;TBC2, 98.35%), which was further understood by the molecular modelling. The isotherm adsorption plots were employed to analyze the spontaneous adsorption process of the TBCs on low carbon steel surface, and a prominent chemisorption could be inferred by the standard Gibbs free energy changes of the adsorption.

Detection Capability Evaluation of Lunar Mineralogical Spectrometer:Results from Ground Experimental Data

The Chang’E-6 mission will first land on the far side of the moon and bring lunar samples back.As a hyperspectral imager aboard the Chang’E-6 lander,the Lunar Mineralogical Spectrometer(LMS),will achieve the goal of spectral detection and mineral composition analysis in the sampling area,and the data of LMS will also be compared with the results of the returned sample laboratory measurements.Visible and near-infrared hyperspectral remote sensing is an effective tool for lunar minerals identification and quantification.The ground validation experiment can be used to evaluate the detection ability of the LMS.According to the modal abundances of lunar minerals and glasses of APOLLO samples,binary mixed samples,ternary mixed samples,and seven-membered mixed samples were prepared.The samples were ground and stirred homogeneous to about 200 mesh(median particle size about 75μm),to simulate the soil state of the lunar surface.Under the laboratory ambient condition,the 480–3200 nm spectral data of the samples were acquired using the Engineering Qualification Model(EQM)of Chang’E-5 LMS,the performance of which is consistent with the flight model of Chang’E-6 LMS.By fitting the mixed samples’spectral data of the EQM using the Modified Gaussian Methods,the following conclusions can be drawn:The subtle spectral changes of mixed samples can be detected.The modal abundance of low-Ca pyroxene,high-Ca pyroxene,and plagioclase can be derived based on the spectral parameters such as absorption position,depth or width of the mixed samples,and the correlation coefficients R2are better than 82%,indicating that the LMS has good quantitative detection capability.

克唑替尼治疗晚期或复发性ALK阳性非小细胞肺癌的疗效和安全性

背景与目的间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase, ALK)基因在晚期非小细胞肺癌(nonsmall cell lung cancer, NSCLC)中的阳性比例约为5%-7%,ALK酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitor, TKI)为ALK阳性NSCLC患者的标准治疗。本研究拟评价克唑替尼在ALK阳性的晚期或复发性NSCLC患者中的疗效和安全性。方法用三种方法筛选携带ALK基因融合/倒位的晚期或复发NSCLC患者,免疫荧光原位杂交(flourescence in situ hybridization, FISH)显示阳性者给予克唑替尼口服,250 mg,2次/d。评价客观有效率(objective response rate,ORR)、无进展生存期(progression-free survival, PFS)及安全性。结果共筛选226例患者,其中39例出现ALK融合或倒位,37例入组,35例患者可评价客观疗效,ORR为70.3%,疾病控制率(disease control rate, DCR)为94.6%,中位PFS为11.8个月,主要不良反应为转氨酶升高(1级,91.7%)、转氨酶升高(2级,23.4%)、恶心(1级,75.6%)、贫血(1级-2级,62.3%)、视物障碍(1级,21.8%)、体重减轻(1级,31.4%)、肺炎(2级,3.5%)。结论克唑替尼单药可用于治疗ALK融合/倒位的晚期NSCLC患者,有效率高,耐受性较好。

不同体重指数腹膜透析患者的预后分析

目的探讨不同体重指数(BMI)腹膜透析(PD)患者的预后情况。方法选取2011年7月-2016年12月于成都医学院第一附属医院开始行持续非卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)治疗患者,按BMI分为低体重组(<20 kg/m2),正常组(≥20 kg/m2~<25 kg/m2)及超重组(≥25 kg/m2),分析3组患者的生存情况及腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎发生率,分析患者BMI与临床指标的相关性,并对不同临床指标进行比较分析。结果 3组患者生存率比较有差异(P <0.05),3组患者腹膜炎发生率比较有差异(P <0.05),BMI与24 h尿量、TG、GLU及总尿素清除率呈正相关(P <0.05),与腹膜尿素清除指数呈负相关(P <0.05)。3组患者24 h尿量、总体水、腹膜尿素清除指数、总尿素清除率及TG比较有差异(P<0.05)。结论不同BMI的PD患者具有不同的预后,众多临床因素的参与导致了超重及低体重均不利于患者的长期生存,应将PD患者的BMI控制在适当范围内。

经胃入路自然腔道内镜保胆手术3例

经自然腔道内镜手术(natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery,NOTES)具有无疤痕、微创等优势,近年来得到了临床应用及发展.本文中对胆囊单发、多发结石及合并胆囊息肉3例患者实施经胃入路NOTES保胆手术均取得了成功,且无不良反应发生.经胃入路保胆手术为胆囊结石及胆囊息肉患者提供了一个新的治疗术式和方法,值得进一步研究及探讨.

加强高校青年教师师德师风建设的机制与措施

近年来高校青年教师队伍不断发展壮大,如何加强青年教师的培养建设,特别是加强师德师风建设,是高校面临的一项重要任务。本文分析了青年教师师德师风建设的薄弱环节,论证了加强青年教师队伍建设的重要性,研究探讨在青年教师中加强师德师风建设的新方式、新方法、新措施。进而全面加强青年教师的素质教育,提高青年教师的教学能力、科研能力,做到为人师表,甘做绿叶人梯,热心教书育人。

提升民生“三感”的马克思主义伦理准则探析

民生“三感”的提出是与新时代社会主要矛盾的转化相呼应,适应新时代发展需要的民生新目标。民生“三感”有深厚的马克思主义伦理基础,为提升其伦理准则提供必要的道德支撑。民生“三感”伦理准则主要包括:“以人民为中心”:提升民生“三感”的价值核心;民生福祉:提升民生“三感”的价值目标;量力而行:提升民生“三感”的价值原则;公平正义:提升民生“三感”的价值导向;共建共享:提升民生“三感”的价值源泉。对这些伦理准则进行探析,有助于广大民众和执政党在认识上内化于心,在实践上外化于行。

亚里士多德的幸福观探析

亚里士多德的幸福思想集中体现在《尼各马可伦理学》中。他认为幸福不仅是最高的善,而且是灵魂合乎德性的实现活动,同时,又认为沉思是最大的幸福,这在学术界引起了长期的争辩。立足于亚里士多德的幸福思想,以其思想整体为视域,结合人性论思想和古希腊城邦的政体制度,可对他的幸福观进行解读。他的伦理思想是目的论和功能论的有机统一,幸福是人们的行为符合自己德性的活动,是个人善和城邦善的统一,沉思生活和政治生活都有其内在的价值,二者是统一的,因此,属人的幸福是沉思生活和政治生活的统一。亚里士多德的幸福思想对当今人们追求美好的幸福生活具有借鉴价值。

马克思幸福观成果梳理及展望

自从习近平总书记将人民幸福作为中国梦的基本内涵以来,马克思幸福观就成为国内学术界关注的热点问题,关于马克思幸福观的研究也如雨后春笋般迅速兴起。国内学者们主要围绕马克思幸福观的幸福概念、形成背景、形成轨迹、理论内涵和当代价值5个方面对马克思幸福观进行了研究,取得了丰硕成果,加深了人们对马克思幸福观的理解和认知。但在研究体系、研究角度、实际应用等方面的研究还比较薄弱,这为后续进一步深入研究和日臻完善马克思幸福理论提供了视域和空间。

Timing and splitting of nitrogen fertilizer supply to increase crop yield and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in a wheat–peanut relay intercropping system in China

Agronomically optimizing the timing and rates of nitrogen(N) fertilizer application can increase crop yield and decrease N loss to the environment. Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)–peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) relay intercropping systems are a mainstay of economic and food security in China. We performed a field experiment to investigate the effects of N fertilizer on N recovery efficiency, crop yield, and N loss rate in wheat–peanut relay intercropping systems in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China during 2015–2017. The N was applied on the day before sowing, the jointing stage(G30) or the booting stage(G40) of winter wheat, and the anthesis stage(R1) of peanut in the following percentage splits: 50-50-0-0(N1), 35-35-0-30(N2), and 35-0-35-30(N3), using 300 kg N ha-1, with 0 kg N ha-1(N0) as control. ^(15)N-labeled(20.14 atom %) urea was used to trace the fate of N in microplots. The yields of wheat and peanut increased by 12.4% and 15.4% under the N2 and N3 treatments, relative to those under the N1 treatment. The ^(15)N recovery efficiencies( ^(15)NRE) were 64.9% and 58.1% for treatments N2 and N3, significantly greater than that for the N1 treatment(45.3%). The potential N loss rates for the treatments N2 and N3 were23.7% and 7.0%, significantly lower than that for treatment N1(30.1%). Withholding N supply until the booting stage(N3) did not reduce the wheat grain yield; however, it increased the N content derived from ^(15)N-labeled urea in peanuts, promoted the distribution of ^(15)N to pods, and ultimately increased pod yields in comparison with those obtained by topdressing N at jointing stage(N2). In comparison with N2, the N uptake and N recovery efficiency(NRE) of N3 was increased by 12.0% and 24.1%,respectively, while the apparent N loss decreased by 16.7%. In conclusion, applying N fertilizer with three splits and delaying topdressing fertilization until G40 of winter wheat increased total grain yields and NRE and reduced N loss. This practice could be an environment-friendly N management strategy for wheat–peanut relay intercropping systems in China.

Polymorphisms in mucin genes in the development of gastric cancer

Gastric cancer(GC) is the third leading cause of cancerrelated death worldwide.In areas of high prevalence,such as Japan,South Korea and China,most cases of GC are related to Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),which involves well-characterized sequential stages,including infection,atrophic gastritis,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia,and GC.Mucins are the most abundant highmolecular-weight glycoproteins in mucus,which is the first line of defense and plays a major role in blocking pathogenic factors.Normal gastric mucosa shows expression of MUC1,MUC5 AC and MUC6 that is specific to cell type.However,the specific pattern of MUC1,MUC5 AC and MUC6 expression is changed in gastric carcinogenesis,accompanied by de novo expression of secreted MUC2.Recent studies have provided evidence that variations in these mucin genes affect many steps of GC development,such as H.pylori infection,and gastric precancerous lesions.In this review,we focus on studies of the association between polymorphisms in mucin genes and development of GC.This information should be helpful for the early detection,surveillance,and treatment of GC.

Selection of culture conditions for callus induction and proliferation by somatic embryogenesis of Pinus koraiensis

The induction and proliferation of embryogenic callus are key steps for large-scale propagation of somatic embryogenesis pathway and long-term preservation of coniferous germplasm.Callus can be induced from immature embryos of Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis Sieb.et Zucc.;Pinaceae)as explants,but there are problems,such as low proliferation efficiency,loss of embryogenicity,poor vigor;thus,best conditions for proliferation and culture of immature embryos of Korean pine are not yet clear.To solve the problems with somatic embryogenesis of Korean pine and determine the best culture conditions for callus induction and proliferation,we varied hormone concentration,subculture cycle of proliferation and other plant growth regulators combinations in media to induce callus formation by megagametophytes of three Korean pine families at different developmental stages,then analyzed the effects on embryogenic callus retention and cell proliferation using a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation design.The results showed that the family origin and collection date of explants significantly affected callus induction(induction rate reached 1.67%).Embryogenic maintenance and callus proliferation were best on DCR medium supplemented with 0.25 mg L^(−1)6-benzyl adenine,1 mg L^(−1)naphthaleneacetic acid,30 g L^(−1)sucrose,500 mg L^(−1),L-glutamine,500 mg L^(−1)casein hydrolysis and 6.5 g L^(−1)agar.In addition,the combination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid+6-benzyl adenine also had a better proliferative effect on callus.The effects of different combinations of growth regulators on callus proliferation efficiency were significantly different.Transfer to new medium every 13–15 days not only maintained robust callus vigor,but also yielded a larger proliferation coefficient.The techniques and conditions for embryogenic callus induction and proliferation of Korean determined here will serve as a foundation for establishing a large-scale system for somatic embryogenesis and propagation of Korean pine.

Path Planning of Continuum Robot Based on a New Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Continuum robot is a new type of biomimetic robot,which realizes the motion by bending some parts of its body.So its path planning becomes more difficult even compared with hyper-redundant robots.In this paper a circular arc spline interpolating method is proposed for the robot shape description,and a new two-stage position-selectable-updating particle swarm optimization(TPPSO)algorithm is put forward to solve this path planning problem.The algorithm decomposes the standard PSO velocity’s single-step updating formula into twostage multi-point updating,specifically adopting three points as candidates and selecting the best one as the updated position in the first half stage,and similarly taking seven points as candidates and selecting the best one as the final position in the last half stage.This scheme refines and widens each particle’s searching trajectory,increases the updating speed of the individual best,and improves the converging speed and precision.Aiming at the optimization objective to minimize the sum of all the motion displacements of every segmental points and all the axial stretching or contracting displacements of every segment,the TPPSO algorithm is used to solve the path planning problem.The detailed solution procedure is presented.Numerical examples of five path planning cases show that the proposed algorithm is simple,robust,and efficient.

硅橡胶加成催化剂中铂含量的测定

通过采用X射线荧光光谱法、火焰原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(样品消解后以水为溶剂稀释的无机相进样)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(样品直接以航空煤油为溶剂稀释的有机相进样)4种检测方法对硅橡胶加成催化剂中的铂含量进行了测定。结果表明,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(有机相进样)具有样品无需复杂预处理,分析速度快、检出限低、精密度好等优点,适用于硅橡胶加成型催化剂样品的快速、批量检测,但样品和标准样品需要现配现用。

UV-visible Absorption Studies of Tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone and Tertiary Amines Charge Transfer Complexes in Trichloromethane

The spectophotometry of charge transfer (CT) complexes of tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone(TCB) with tertiary amine [triethylamine (TEA), triphylamine (TPA), N,N-dimethylphenylamine(DMPA), N-ethylcarbazole (ECZ)] have been studied in dichloromethane in UV-visible region.The CT complexes parameter, molar ratio of reactAnts in complex, molar extinction coefficient equilibrium constant KCT, free energy G and dissociation energy of the CT complex excited stateE, have also been estimated and discussed.

Excited state intramolecular proton transfer of novel conjugated derivatives containing hydroxy and imino groups

This letter presents excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) of new conjugated derivatives containing hydroxy and imino groups. ESIPT occurrence in one photon process is confirmed by well-separated emission band for the derivatives. Two- photon absorption (TPA) induced ESIPT emission has been determined by Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser tuning from 700 nrn to 800 nm at the internals of 20 nm.

Numerical simulation of fueling pellet ablation and transport in the EAST H-mode discharge

To understand the effect of injected deuterium(D)pellets on background plasma,the ablation of D pellets and the transport of D species in both atomic and ionic states in the EAST device are simulated using a modified dynamic neutral gas shield model combined with the edge plasma code SOLPS-ITER.The simulation results show that there is a phenomenon of obvious atomic deposition in the scrape-off layer(SOL)after pellet injection,which depends strongly on the injection velocity.With increasing injection velocity,the atomic density in the SOL decreases evidently and the deposition time is relatively shortened.Possible effects for triggering of edge localized modes(ELMs)by D and Li pellets are also discussed.With the same pellet size and injection velocity,the maximum perturbation pressure caused by D pellets is obviously higher.It is found that the resulting maximum perturbed pressure is remarkably enhanced when the injection velocity is reduced from 300 m/s to 100 m/s for a pellet with a cross section of 1.6 mm,which indicates that the injection velocity is important for ELM pacing.This work can provide reasonable guidance for choosing pellet parameters for fueling and ELM triggering.

Crude Extract of Detergent⁃Like Gleditsia sinensis lam Exhibiting Self⁃Organization for Protection of Mild Steel in Harsh Hydrochloric Acid Solution:How to Seek Crude Natural Plant Extracts as Green Corrosion Inhibitors

This study proposes a thought to employ detergent⁃like renewable low⁃cost crude extract of Gleditsia sinensis lam(GSL)as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl solution.Crude Gleditsia sinensis lam extract(GSLE)was gained at mild conditions by simply refluxing in ethanol with a Soxhlet extractor.The target GSLE extract exhibited regular self⁃organization in mixed solvents of organic solvents/H2O such as ethanol/H2 O(v/v,50/50)at room temperature,which was evidenced by different means including scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and dynamic light scattering.The study demonstrates that the yielded assemblies of the crude extract of GSLE displayed chemical adsorption on the studied mild steel sample surfaces.Furthermore,the formed stable crude extract assemblies of GSL presented outstanding anti⁃corrosion capability in 1.0 mol/L HCl aqueous solution based on electrochemical measurements including polarization curves and impedance spectroscopy.It is discovered that the maximal corrosion inhibition efficiency could reach approximate 95%.The molecular modeling was performed to acquire the nature of frontier orbitals of the main representative chemical components of crude GSLE for deep understanding of chemical interactions with iron.The results presented herein would guide us to seek sustainable environmentally friendly low⁃cost detergent⁃like plant crude extracts for corrosion inhibition of various metals in aggressive acid environments.