GRAS(GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE, repressor of ga1-3 and SCARECROW)基因家族作为重要的植物转录因子在调控植物生长发育、抵抗逆境胁迫的各种信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。为进一步挖掘该家族小麦抗赤霉病相关基因,从禾谷镰刀菌诱导的...GRAS(GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE, repressor of ga1-3 and SCARECROW)基因家族作为重要的植物转录因子在调控植物生长发育、抵抗逆境胁迫的各种信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。为进一步挖掘该家族小麦抗赤霉病相关基因,从禾谷镰刀菌诱导的小麦转录组测序数据筛选出差异表达基因TaPAT1-2D(TraesCS2D02G198200.1),克隆该基因的全长序列,并对其进行生物信息学和表达模式分析,以及亚细胞定位和酵母转录激活活性研究。生物信息学分析结果表明:TaPAT1-2D序列全长1 668 bp,编码555个氨基酸,分子量约为61.34 ku;TaPAT1-2D蛋白含有典型GRAS功能结构域,在进化关系上与水稻OsCIGR2(LOC_Os07g39470.1)关系较近;TaPAT1-2D启动子区包含茉莉酸甲酯、脱落酸、生长素等植物激素响应元件与光应答元件等。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,接种禾谷镰刀菌孢子液72 h后,TaPAT1-2D基因在4个不同赤霉病抗性小麦品种中的相对表达水平明显上调,表明该基因参与赤霉病的响应过程。农杆菌介导的烟草中瞬时表达试验结果表明,TaPAT1-2D蛋白定位于细胞核和细胞膜中。酵母转录激活活性实验表明,TaPAT1-2D蛋白具有转录自激活能力。研究结果为深入研究TaPAT1-2D基因的功能奠定了基础。展开更多
籽粒硬度是小麦品质评价的重要指标。为挖掘控制小麦籽粒硬度的重要基因/位点,以国内外171个小麦品种组成的自然群体为材料,在4个环境下利用小麦90K SNP芯片对籽粒硬度进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。171...籽粒硬度是小麦品质评价的重要指标。为挖掘控制小麦籽粒硬度的重要基因/位点,以国内外171个小麦品种组成的自然群体为材料,在4个环境下利用小麦90K SNP芯片对籽粒硬度进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。171个小麦品种籽粒硬度变异系数为56.59%~66.80%,相关系数为0.88~0.92。GWAS结果表明,共检测到20个与小麦籽粒硬度显著相关的SNPs,其中,14个SNPs(7个位点)在2个及以上环境中能被检测到,分别位于1A、1B、1D、2A、5A和7A染色体上,可解释6.76%~11.79%的表型变异。表型贡献率超过10%的SNPs有4个(3个位点),分布在1D、2A和5A染色体上,其中,1D染色体上的标记wsnp_Ku_c19622_29138795在3个环境中能被检测到,可解释9.08%~11.79%的表型变异;2A染色体上的标记Excalibur_c12675_1789在4个环境中均能被检测到,可解释9.10%~10.86%的表型变异;5A染色体上的标记wsnp_Ra_c24707_34262900和BS00041219_51在2个环境中能被检测到,可解释6.76%~10.35%的表型变异。在所有环境下均与小麦籽粒硬度显著相关的位点有4个,分别位于1A、1B、2A和7A染色体上。展开更多
[ Objective] The paper was to understand the resistance of Fusarium graminearum to carbendazim and prochloraz in the main wheat producing areas in Hubei Province. [ Method] Totally 350 F. graminearum strains isolated ...[ Objective] The paper was to understand the resistance of Fusarium graminearum to carbendazim and prochloraz in the main wheat producing areas in Hubei Province. [ Method] Totally 350 F. graminearum strains isolated in 2014 were determined to clear their sensitivity to carbendazim and prochloraz. [ Result] ALl isolates were sensitive to carbendazim and procidoraz in Hubei Province, and carbendazim was still valuable in controlling Fusarium head blight. The control effect of prochloraz was better than that of carbendazim, and the combination of prochloraz and carbendazim at the proportion of 1：7 received the best control effect. [ Conclusion ] Combination of chemical agents will occupy a more and more important position in future prevention and control against Fusarium head blight.展开更多
Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum is one of the most serious diseases in wheat production worldwide, which seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. Wheat grains carrying the pathogen are poi...Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum is one of the most serious diseases in wheat production worldwide, which seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. Wheat grains carrying the pathogen are poisonous to human and livestock health. With the long-term use of single chemical pesticide, the drug-resistance of F. graminearum is increasing day by day, and mixed agent is one of the effective strategies to improve the efficacy and delay the resistance. The mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the inhibition rates of phenamacril, tebuconazole and their mixtures(1∶1, 1∶3, 1∶5, 1∶7, 3∶1, 5∶1 and 7∶1). The synergistic coefficient(SR) was calculated by Wadley method, and the combined action types of the two agents were evaluated. The results showed that the EC_(50) of tebuconazole was 0.418 28 mg/L, and that of phenamacril was 0.489 8 mg/L; the optimum mixture ratio of phenamacril and tebuconazole was 1 ∶1, with the EC_(50) value of 0.053 74 and the synergistic coefficient of 4.2696, and the control effect of mixed agent was significantly better than that of single agent. It is feasible to control Fusarium head blight by mixing phenamacril and tebuconazole, providing a theoretical basis for development of new compound agents and effective control of Fusarium head blight.展开更多
文摘GRAS(GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE, repressor of ga1-3 and SCARECROW)基因家族作为重要的植物转录因子在调控植物生长发育、抵抗逆境胁迫的各种信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。为进一步挖掘该家族小麦抗赤霉病相关基因,从禾谷镰刀菌诱导的小麦转录组测序数据筛选出差异表达基因TaPAT1-2D(TraesCS2D02G198200.1),克隆该基因的全长序列,并对其进行生物信息学和表达模式分析,以及亚细胞定位和酵母转录激活活性研究。生物信息学分析结果表明:TaPAT1-2D序列全长1 668 bp,编码555个氨基酸,分子量约为61.34 ku;TaPAT1-2D蛋白含有典型GRAS功能结构域,在进化关系上与水稻OsCIGR2(LOC_Os07g39470.1)关系较近;TaPAT1-2D启动子区包含茉莉酸甲酯、脱落酸、生长素等植物激素响应元件与光应答元件等。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,接种禾谷镰刀菌孢子液72 h后,TaPAT1-2D基因在4个不同赤霉病抗性小麦品种中的相对表达水平明显上调,表明该基因参与赤霉病的响应过程。农杆菌介导的烟草中瞬时表达试验结果表明,TaPAT1-2D蛋白定位于细胞核和细胞膜中。酵母转录激活活性实验表明,TaPAT1-2D蛋白具有转录自激活能力。研究结果为深入研究TaPAT1-2D基因的功能奠定了基础。
文摘籽粒硬度是小麦品质评价的重要指标。为挖掘控制小麦籽粒硬度的重要基因/位点,以国内外171个小麦品种组成的自然群体为材料,在4个环境下利用小麦90K SNP芯片对籽粒硬度进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。171个小麦品种籽粒硬度变异系数为56.59%~66.80%,相关系数为0.88~0.92。GWAS结果表明,共检测到20个与小麦籽粒硬度显著相关的SNPs,其中,14个SNPs(7个位点)在2个及以上环境中能被检测到,分别位于1A、1B、1D、2A、5A和7A染色体上,可解释6.76%~11.79%的表型变异。表型贡献率超过10%的SNPs有4个(3个位点),分布在1D、2A和5A染色体上,其中,1D染色体上的标记wsnp_Ku_c19622_29138795在3个环境中能被检测到,可解释9.08%~11.79%的表型变异;2A染色体上的标记Excalibur_c12675_1789在4个环境中均能被检测到,可解释9.10%~10.86%的表型变异;5A染色体上的标记wsnp_Ra_c24707_34262900和BS00041219_51在2个环境中能被检测到,可解释6.76%~10.35%的表型变异。在所有环境下均与小麦籽粒硬度显著相关的位点有4个,分别位于1A、1B、2A和7A染色体上。
基金Supported by Key Technologies R&D Program of Hubei(2015BBA152)Innovative Experiment Project of College Students(20150086)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2014CFB367)
文摘[ Objective] The paper was to understand the resistance of Fusarium graminearum to carbendazim and prochloraz in the main wheat producing areas in Hubei Province. [ Method] Totally 350 F. graminearum strains isolated in 2014 were determined to clear their sensitivity to carbendazim and prochloraz. [ Result] ALl isolates were sensitive to carbendazim and procidoraz in Hubei Province, and carbendazim was still valuable in controlling Fusarium head blight. The control effect of prochloraz was better than that of carbendazim, and the combination of prochloraz and carbendazim at the proportion of 1：7 received the best control effect. [ Conclusion ] Combination of chemical agents will occupy a more and more important position in future prevention and control against Fusarium head blight.
基金Supported by Open Project Program of Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland,the Ministry of Education(KF201802)
文摘Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum is one of the most serious diseases in wheat production worldwide, which seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. Wheat grains carrying the pathogen are poisonous to human and livestock health. With the long-term use of single chemical pesticide, the drug-resistance of F. graminearum is increasing day by day, and mixed agent is one of the effective strategies to improve the efficacy and delay the resistance. The mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the inhibition rates of phenamacril, tebuconazole and their mixtures(1∶1, 1∶3, 1∶5, 1∶7, 3∶1, 5∶1 and 7∶1). The synergistic coefficient(SR) was calculated by Wadley method, and the combined action types of the two agents were evaluated. The results showed that the EC_(50) of tebuconazole was 0.418 28 mg/L, and that of phenamacril was 0.489 8 mg/L; the optimum mixture ratio of phenamacril and tebuconazole was 1 ∶1, with the EC_(50) value of 0.053 74 and the synergistic coefficient of 4.2696, and the control effect of mixed agent was significantly better than that of single agent. It is feasible to control Fusarium head blight by mixing phenamacril and tebuconazole, providing a theoretical basis for development of new compound agents and effective control of Fusarium head blight.
