Plasma protein corona forming upon fullerene nanocomplex:Impact on both counterparts

Protein corona refers to the structure composed of biomolecules adsorbed on the surface of nanomaterials.The study on the effect of the interaction between protein and nanoparticles can provide an important guide for the application of nanodrug delivery.To provide a reference for the research on fullerene(C60)nanocomplex drug delivery systems,this work studied the interaction between C60 nanocomplex and a variety of plasma proteins.Research showed that the protein binding with C60 nanocomplex did not change the charge properties of protein.The proteins induced the aggregation of C60 nanocomplex.The circular dichroism spectra showed that the secondary structure of the proteins changed after binding to C60 nanocomplex.The ultraviolet-visible spectra showed that the effect of C60 nanocomplex on proteins was concentration-dependent.The fluorescence spectra showed that C60 nanocomplex could intrinsic fluorescence alteration of proteins.The adsorption capacity of C60 nanocomplex to proteins was changed at 0 h and 4 h.The interaction between nanocomplex and proteins might affect the morphological characteristics of nanocomplex and the conformation of proteins.This work could provide a reference for the research and development of C60 nanocomplex and other carbon-based nanocomplex as nanoparticulate drug delivery systems.

Inhalable iron redox cycling powered nanoreactor for amplified ferroptosis-apoptosis synergetic therapy of lung cancer

Fenton reaction centered ferroptosis-apoptosis synergetic therapy has emerged as a promising tumor elimination strategy.However,the low intracellular Fenton level and accumulation of therapeutics at the lesion site greatly limit the efficacy of ferroptosis therapy.To overcome these two bottlenecks,an inhalable metal polyphenol network(MPN)-hybrid liposome,encoded as LDG,was proposed for enhancing the intracellular Fenton reaction level by co-delivering the ferroptosis inducer dihydroartemisinin(DHA)and the ferrous ion(Fe2+)donor MPN.The synthesized LDG had excellent nebulization performance which significantly improved the accumulation in the lungs,about 8.2 times of intravenous injection.In terms of anticancer mechanisms,MPN raised the intracellular level of Fe2+by constructing iron cycling in the weakly acidic environment of tumors.Triggered by Fe2+,DHA with peroxide-bridge structure underwent a high level of Fenton-like reaction,promoted the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)and induced strong ferroptosis while cooperating with apoptosis.LDG exhibited extraordinary antitumor ability in an orthotopic lung tumor model,whose tumor inhibition efficiency was 1.53(P=0.0014)and 1.32(P=0.0183)times of the LG group(liposomes coated with gallic acid(GA)-Fe MPN)and LD group(liposomes loaded with DHA),respectively,showing the strongest anticancer effect.In conclusion,the constructed MPN-hybrid liposomes could be a potent custom nanoplatform for pulmonary delivery and underscored the great potential of ferroptosis-apoptosis synergetic therapy.

Impact of particle size and pH on protein corona formation of solid lipid nanoparticles:A proof-of-concept study

When nanoparticles were introduced into the biological media,the protein corona would be formed,which endowed the nanoparticles with new bio-identities.Thus,controlling protein corona formation is critical to in vivo therapeutic effect.Controlling the particle size is the most feasible method during design,and the infuence of media pH which varies with disease condition is quite important.The impact of particle size and pH on bovine serum albumin(BSA)corona formation of solid lipid nanoparticles(SLNs)was studied here.The BSA corona formation of SLNs with increasing particle size(120-480 nm)in pH 6.0 and 7.4 was investigated.Multiple techniques were employed for visualization study,conformational structure study and mechanism study,etc."BSA corona-caused aggregation"of SLN2-3 was revealed in pH 6.0 while the dispersed state of SLNs was maintained in pH 7.4,which signifcantly affected the secondary structure of BSA and cell uptake of SLNs.The main interaction was driven by van der Waals force plus hydrogen bonding in p H 7.4,while by electrostatic attraction in pH 6.0,and size-dependent adsorption was confrmed.This study provides a systematic insight to the understanding of protein corona formation of SLNs.

The effect of organic ligand modification on protein corona formation of nanoscale metal organic frameworks

Nanoscale metal organic frameworks(NMOFs)have been widely reported in biomedical field for their unique porous structure and tunable multifunctionality.However,when administrated in vivo,the protein corona will be formed on the surface of NMOFs,significantly affecting their biodistribution,pharmacokinetics and drug release.Few studies paid attention to the protein corona formation process and its influencing factors of NMOFs.As a well-established strategy for altering structure features of NMOFs,the organic ligand modification may have effect on the protein corona formation process,which is to be investigated.In this study,the zirconium(Zr)-based UIO66 was chosen as model NMOFs,the organic ligand of which was modified with amino group(-NH_(2))or carboxyl group(-COOH)to synthesize UIO66-NH_(2)and UIO66-2COOH,respectively.Bovine serum albumin(BSA)was chosen as model protein to investigate the protein corona formation process of NMOFs.The current results showed that the-COOH modification remarkably enhanced the BSA adsorption on NMOFs while-NH_(2)slightly decreased the protein binding affinity.These differences may be ascribed to the two different dominate protein corona formation modes,i.e.,surface coating mode and porous embedded mode.The protein corona formation did not affect the crystal phase of NMOFs but increased the content ofα-helix of BSA.Ultimately,upon protein corona formation,the cellular uptake of NMOFs was significantly affected.We believe our study will provide a new research paradigm to the design and applications of NMOFs.

Bibliometric landscape of the researches on protein corona of nanoparticles

Unclear biological fate hampers the clinical translation of nanoparticles for biomedical uses.In recent years,it is documented that the formation of protein corona upon nanoparticles is a critical factor leading to the ambiguous biological fate.Efforts have been made to explore the protein corona forming behaviors on nanoparticles,and rearrangement of the relevant studies will help to understand the current trend of such a topic.In this work,the publications about protein corona of nanoparticles in Science Citation Index Expanded database of Web of Science from 2007 to 2020(1417 in total)were analyzed in detail,and the bibliometrics landscape of them was showcased.The basic bibliometrics characteristics were summarized to provide an overall understanding.Citation analysis was performed to scrutinize the peer interests of these papers.The research hotspots in the field were evaluated,based on which some feasible topics for future studies were proposed.In general,the results demonstrated that protein corona of nanoparticles was a prospective research area,and had attracted global research interests.It was believed that this work could comprehensively highlight the bibliometrics landscape,inspire further exploitation on protein corona of nanoparticles,and ultimately promote the clinical translation of nanoparticles.