Demonstrating Fuel Flexibility in Commercial Operation

Synthesis Energy Systems Inc. (SES) enables its customers to advance gasification projects through commercial scale feedstock testing at its commercial scale coal to syngas facility in Zhao Zhuang City (ZZ Plant), Shandong Province, China. These tests help customers affirm individual project economic viability and reduce technology risk. Included in these test campaigns have been one and two-week long continuous operations at varying loads and on widely-varying feedstock such as Chinese Inner Mongolian lignite, Chinese sub-bituminous high ash (and high friable) coal, and Aus- tralian Queensland high ash sub-bituminous coal. Through these campaigns, SES has progressed one project into the detailed engineering and construction phase and one project into the feasibility study phase. SES believes that the abi- lity to perform these commercial scale campaigns without interruption of operation is unique to SES. The ZZ Plant, which sells clean syngas to a neighboring methanol facility, has been in operation since early 2008 on a design coal of high ash middlings (washery wastes) from ROM bituminous coal (30% - 40% wt ash). SES has made significant im-provements to the design, operation, and efficiency of the ZZ Plant and U-GAS technology that is licensed from Gas Technology Institute (GTI). Included in these is the Fines Management System (FMS), which has demonstrated overall carbon conversion of greater than 98%. The ZZ Plant consistently demonstrates fuel flexibility and greater than 98% availability, 98% carbon conversion, and 80% cold gas efficiency.

Flexible and flame-retarding phosphorylated MXene/polypropylene composites for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding

Flame-retardant composites with high electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding performance are desirable for electronic device packaging.Despite great potential of MXene for high EMI,it still remains a great challenge to develop high-performance flame-retardant polymer/MXene composites with excellent EMI shielding effectiveness because of the poor oxidative stability of MXene.Herein,phosphorylated MXene/polypropylene(PP)composites are prepared by coating phosphorylated MXene on PP fabric followed by spraying polyethylenimine(PEI)and hot-pressing.The phosphorylated MXene proves to be more durable against oxidation than pure MXene due to the protection effect of polyphosphates.Upon hot-pressing,melted PP fibers are fused together at their contact points and thus as-prepared composites are bi-continuous with two interpenetrating phases.The composites show significantly improved thermal stability and flame retardancy relative to pure PP,with a low total heat release(THR)of 3.7 kJ/g and a heat release rate(HRR)of 50.0 W/g,which are reduced by 78%and 87%,respectively.In addition,the composites exhibit a high electrical conductivity of~36,700 S/m and an EMI shielding performance of~90 d B over the whole frequency range of 8–12 GHz with a thickness of~400μm.The as-developed PP/MXene composites hold great promise for reliable protection of next-generation electronic devices working in complex environments.