多参数MRI征象对非钙化型乳腺腺病与非钙化型乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨多参数MRI征象对非钙化型乳腺腺病与非钙化型乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法 选取收治的非钙化型乳腺癌50例、非钙化型乳腺腺病46例,均经临床病理检查明确诊断,全部病例均经乳腺MRI检查和乳腺X线摄影检查,乳腺X线摄影检查全部病灶均无钙化特征,分析非钙化型乳腺癌和非钙化型乳腺腺病进行多参数MRI检查的影像学特征和鉴别诊断价值。结果 与非钙化型乳腺腺病相比,非钙化型乳腺癌的MRI早期强化率、最大上升斜率、峰值信号强度、最大径均明显增高,而ADC值、达峰时间明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);非钙化型乳腺腺病和非钙化型乳腺癌的MRI毛刺征、分叶征、分布、早期强化曲线、晚期强化曲线等指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的内部强化方式差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 非钙化型乳腺癌和非钙化型乳腺腺病的MRI表现虽有部分重叠,但可根据平均ADC值、早期强化曲线、晚期强化曲线、病灶分布、形态等影像学特征予以鉴别。

The role and applications of extracellular vesicles in osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a widely observed condition characterized by the systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture,which increases patient susceptibility to fragile fractures.The intricate mechanisms governing bone homeostasis are substantially impacted by extracellular vesicles(EVs),which play crucial roles in both pathological and physiological contexts.EVs derived from various sources exert distinct effects on osteoporosis.Specifically,EVs released by osteoblasts,endothelial cells,myocytes,and mesenchymal stem cells contribute to bone formation due to their unique cargo of proteins,miRNAs,and cytokines.Conversely,EVs secreted by osteoclasts and immune cells promote bone resorption and inhibit bone formation.Furthermore,the use of EVs as therapeutic modalities or biomaterials for diagnosing and managing osteoporosis is promising.Here,we review the current understanding of the impact of EVs on bone homeostasis,including the classification and biogenesis of EVs and the intricate regulatory mechanisms of EVs in osteoporosis.Furthermore,we present an overview of the latest research progress on diagnosing and treating osteoporosis by using EVs.Finally,we discuss the challenges and prospects of translational research on the use of EVs in osteoporosis.

DIA-based quantitative proteomic analysis on porcine meat quality at different chilling rates

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of chilling rate on porcine meat quality from the perspective of proteome using data independent acquisition(DIA)-based quantitative proteomic strategy. M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum(n = 9) was assigned randomly to the control group(3.72 ℃/h), very fast chilling-Ⅰ group(VFC-Ⅰ, 9.31℃/h) and VFC-Ⅱ group(14.43 ℃/h). The DIA was used to analyze the difference in proteins under different chilling rates. Results showed that tenderness was improved significantly in meat at the chilling rate of 14.43 ℃/h. Seventy-nine differential abundant proteins(fold change > 1.5, P < 0.05), including 46 up-regulated and 33 down-regulated proteins, were identified and mainly involved in carbon metabolism, pyruvate metabolism and proteasome pathways. These pathways indicated that VFC delayed cell metabolism and glycolysis by down-regulating the expression of metabolic enzymes. The tenderness was improved by up-regulating the expression of proteasome and m-calpain.

斑节对虾与日本对虾生态混养技术试验

为提高对虾养殖的经济效益,探索了斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)与日本对虾(Penaeus japonicus)生态混养模式。结果显示,日本对虾精养试验投入产出比1∶1.63,日本对虾和斑节对虾生态混养试验投入产出比1∶1.87,两品种生态混养模式较日本对虾精养模式增产30%以上,经济效益提高61.1%,斑节对虾与日本对虾生态混养技术值得推广。

应激对养殖鱼类的影响与防控研究进展

综合国内外研究动态,在重点分析养殖鱼类应激类型与发生机理的基础上,探讨防止应激发生和控制应激的措施,如:保持良好水质、使用抗应激和抗菌药物、开发抗氧化应激饲料、选育抗应激品种等。

新时代劳动教育与产教融合的融通:意义、困境与突围

新时代劳动教育与产教融合是将劳动教育与产业界相结合,通过合作、实践和创新的方式,为学生提供更实用、更贴近市场需求的教育培养。这种融合对于推动人才培养,促进经济发展以及实现教育目标具有重要意义。然而,困境也存在:缺乏师资培训和专业发展,传统教学模式难以适应融合需求,职业规划和实践指导不足等。为突破这些困境,需要加强师资培训和专业发展、创新教学方法和模式、加强学生职业规划和实践指导以及建立产教融合评价和认证体系。通过这些措施,新时代劳动教育与产教融合可以更好地发展,为学生提供更具实践性、促进可持续发展的教育机会。

特色优质无籽西瓜新品种金丽黄的选育

金丽黄是以筛选出的综合性状优良的黄皮黄瓤四倍体西瓜自交系417303为母本、黄皮黄瓤二倍体西瓜H-2为父本杂交选育而成的三倍体无籽西瓜新品种。该品种在湘北地区春季全生育期95 d左右,果实发育期30 d左右。第1雌花着生节位5~8节,以后每隔4~5节着生雌花。果实圆球形,单瓜质量4.5~7.1 kg,果皮浅黄色覆金黄色齿条带,瓜瓤鲜黄色;易坐果,坐果整齐一致;果皮厚度1.18 cm左右,果皮坚硬且耐贮运,一般春季露地栽培667 m^(2)产量3000 kg左右;中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)11.9%左右,边部10%左右,在我国西瓜产区及东南亚国家均可种植。2020年12月获得农业农村部植物新品种保护授权(CNA20191003401)。

囊腔型肺癌MSCT征象与TTF-1、CK5/6及P63表达的相关性研究

目的探讨囊腔型肺癌(Cystic lung cancer,CLC)的MSCT征象与TTF-1、CK5/6及P63表达之间的相关性,以期在肿瘤病变的早期通过CT检查推测其生物学行为,改善CLC患者的预后。方法选取并分析35例经病理证实的CLC患者的临床病理和影像学资料,采用统计学分析CLC的MSCT征象与病理亚型、TTF-1、CK5/6及P63的相关性。结果囊腔型鳞癌组患者的平均年龄(60.5±7.8)岁最高,浸润性腺癌组(53.0±10.3)岁次之,原位及微浸润腺癌组(40.9±11.0)岁最低。原位及微浸润腺癌全部出现磨玻璃征(100%);鳞癌组出现分叶(83.3%)、壁结节(83.3%)的比例最高;浸润性腺癌组出现分隔征象(81.8%)的比例最高。CLC的血管集束征、磨玻璃征与TTF-1阳性表达具有相关性;分叶征与CK5/6的阳性表达具有相关性;Mascalchi分型Ⅰ型、分叶、壁结节征象与P63的阳性表达相关。结论可以通过CLC的患者年龄、Mascalchi分型、分叶、壁结节、磨玻璃征、血管集束征,来提示其病理亚型,预测TTF-1、CK5/6及P63的表达,从而推测其生物学行为,阻止或延缓肿瘤进展。

Assessment of heavy metal pollution in Laizhou Bay(China)using the ecological risk index and the integrated biomarker response of the goby Acanthogobius ommaturus

We used the Integrated Biological Responses version 2(IBRv2)method to evaluate the biological eff ects of heavy metals in the sediments in Laizhou Bay,China on the benthic goby Acanthogobius ommaturus.In December 2018,gobies and sediments were collected from 15 stations.We measured the activities of defense enzymes and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and metallothionein(MT)in the goby liver as well as the levels of heavy metals in the sediments and goby muscle tissue.Most of the heavy metal concentrations in sediment at each station were below the Class I criteria set by Chinese Standards for Marine Sediment Quality,and the Håkanson ecological risk index suggested low risk for the heavy metals.We found that A.ommaturus could eff ectively accumulate mercury,cadmium,arsenic,and zinc and that the contents of MT and MDA and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were suitable biomarkers of heavy metal pollution in this species.The IBRv2 method integrated these four biomarkers and discriminated stations according to heavy metal pollution.Higher IBRv2 values suggested more adverse eff ects in gobies,corroborating more serious heavy metal contamination.The stations with high IBRv2 values and high contents of heavy metals were mainly distributed in the west and northeast parts of the bay.These results show that the IBRv2 approach is a feasible strategy for assessing heavy metal pollution through biological response and biological status and that it can be implemented for environmental monitoring in Laizhou Bay.

The soybean GmPUB21-interacting protein GmDi19-5 responds to drought and salinity stresses via an ABA-dependent pathway

Drought-induced protein 19(Di19) is a Cys2/His2 zinc-finger protein that functions in plant growth and development and in tolerance to abiotic stresses.Gm PUB21,an E3 ubiquitin ligase,negatively regulates drought and salinity response in soybean.We identified potential interaction target proteins of Gm PUB21by yeast two-hybrid c DNA library screening,Gm Di19-5 as a candidate.Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and glutathionine-S-transferase pull-down assays confirmed the interaction between Gm Di19-5 and Gm PUB21.Gm Di19-5 was induced by Na Cl,drought,and abscisic acid(ABA) treatments.Gm Di19-5 was expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus.Gm Di19-5 overexpression conferred hypersensitivity to drought and high salinity,whereas Gm Di19-5 silencing increased drought and salinity tolerance.Transcripts of ABA-and stress response-associated genes including Gm RAB18 and Gm DREB2A were downregulated in Gm Di19-5-overexpressing plants under drought and salinity stresses.ABA decreased the protein level of Gm Di19-5 in vivo,whereas Gm PUB21 increased the decrease of Gm Di19-5 after exogenous ABA application.The accumulation of Gm PUB21 was also inhibited by Gm Di19-5.We conclude that Gm PUB21 and Gm Di19-5 collaborate to regulate drought and salinity tolerance via an ABA-dependent pathway.

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvesters under simultaneous parametric and external excitations

The nonlinear dynamics of cantilevered piezoelectric beams is investigated under simultaneous parametric and external excitations. The beam is composed of a substrate and two piezoelectric layers and assumed as an Euler-Bernoulli model with inextensible deformation. A nonlinear distributed parameter model of cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvesters is proposed using the generalized Hamilton＇s principle. The proposed model includes geometric and inertia nonlinearity, but neglects the material nonlinearity. Using the Galerkin decomposition method and harmonic balance method, analytical expressions of the frequency-response curves are presented when the first bending mode of the beam plays a dominant role. Using these expressions, we investigate the effects of the damping, load resistance, electromechanical coupling, and excitation amplitude on the frequency-response curves. We also study the difference between the nonlinear lumped-parameter and distributed- parameter model for predicting the performance of the energy harvesting system. Only in the case of parametric excitation, we demonstrate that the energy harvesting system has an initiation excitation threshold below which no energy can be harvested. We also illustrate that the damping and load resistance affect the initiation excitation threshold.

Status,challenges,and future prospects of stem cell therapy in pelvic floor disorders

Pelvic floor disorders(PFDs)represent a group of common and frequentlyoccurring diseases that seriously affect the life quality of women,generally including stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.Surgery has been used as a treatment for PFD,but almost 30%of patients require subsequent surgery due to a high incidence of postoperative complications and high recurrence rates.Therefore,investigations of new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed.Stem cells possess strong multi-differentiation,self-renewal,immunomodulation,and angiogenesis abilities and they are able to differentiate into various cell types of pelvic floor tissues and thus provide a potential therapeutic approach for PFD.Recently,various studies using different autologous stem cells have achieved promising results by improving the pelvic ligament and muscle regeneration and conferring the tissue elasticity and strength to the damaged tissue in PFD,as well as reduced inflammatory reactions,collagen deposition,and foreign body reaction.However,with relatively high rates of complications such as bladder stone formation and wound infections,further studies are necessary to investigate the role of stem cells as maintainers of tissue homeostasis and modulators in early interventions including therapies using new stem cell sources,exosomes,and tissueengineering combined with stem cell-based implants,among others.This review describes the types of stem cells and the possible interaction mechanisms in PFD treatment,with the hope of providing more promising stem cell treatment strategies for PFD in the future.

Interplay between polarization rotation and crack propagation in PMN-PT relaxor single crystals

Investigations on the interconnection between the polarization rotation and crack propagation are performed for [110J-oriented 74Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）O3- 26PbTiO3 relaxor ferroelectric single crystal under electric loadings along [001] direction. The crystal is of predominantly monoclinic MA phase with scatter dis- tributed rhombohedral （R） phase under a moderate poling field of 900 V/mm in [00l] direction. With magnitude of 800 V/ram, a through thickness crack is initi- ated near the electrode by electric cycling. Static electric loadings is then imposed to the single crystal. As the applied static electric field increases, domain switch- ing in the monoclinic MA phase and phase transition from MA to R phase occur near the crack. The results indicate that the crack features a conducting one. Whether domain switching or phase transition occurs depends on the intensity of the electric field component that is perpendicular to the applied electric field.

Automatic Body Feature Extraction from Front and Side Images

Human body feature extraction based on 2D images provides an efficient method for many applications, e.g. non-contact body size measurements, constructing 3D human model and recognizing human actions. In this paper a systematic approach is proposed to detect feature points of human body automatically from its front and side images. Firstly, an efficient approach for silhouette and contour detection is used to represent the contour curves of a human body shape with Freeman’s 8-connected chain codes. The contour curves are considered as a number of segments connected together. Then, a series of feature points on human body are extracted based on the specified rules by measuring the differences between the directions of the segments. In total, 101 feature points with clearly geometric properties (that rather accurately reflect the bump or turning of the contours) are extracted automatically, including 27 points corresponding to the definitions of the landmarks about garment measurements. Finally, the proposed approach was tested on ten human subjects and the entire 101 feature points with specific geography geometrical characteristics were correctly extracted, indicating an effective and robust performance.

The response of structure and nitrogen removal function of the biofilm on submerged macrophytes to high ammonium in constructed wetlands

The ammonium exceedance discharge from sewage treatment plants has a great risk to the stable operation of subsequent constructed wetlands(CWs).The effects of high ammonium shocks on submerged macrophytes and epiphytic biofilms on the leaves of submerged macrophytes in CWs were rarely mentioned in previous studies.In this paper,the 16S rRNA sequencing method was used to investigate the variation of the microbial communities in biofilms on the leaves of Vallisneria natans plants while the growth characteristics of V.natans plants were measured at different initial ammonium concentrations.The results demonstrated that the total chlorophyll and soluble sugar synthesis of V.natans plants decreased by 51.45%and 57.16%,respectively,and malondialdehyde content increased threefold after8 days if the initial NH_(4)^(+)-N concentration was more than 5 mg/L.Algal density,bacterial quantity,dissolved oxygen,and pH increased with high ammonium shocks.The average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen and NH_(4)^(+)-N reached 73.26%and 83.94%,respectively.The heat map and relative abundance analysis represented that the relative abundances of phyla Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria,and Bacteroidetes increased.The numbers of autotrophic nitrifiers and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrification(HNAD)bacteria expanded in biofilms.In particular,HNAD bacteria of Flavobacterium,Hydrogenophaga,Acidovorax,Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,Aeromonas,and Azospira had higher abundances than autotrophic nitrifiers because there were organic matters secreted from declining leaves of V.natans plants.The analysis of the nitrogen metabolic pathway showed aerobic denitrification was the main nitrogen removal pathway.Thus,the nitrification and denitrification bacterial communities increased in epiphytic biofilms on submerged macrophytes in constructed wetlands while submerged macrophytes declined under ammonium shock loading.

Tacrolimus combined with arsenic trioxide provides a three-in-one drug-eluting coronary stent integrating anti-restenosis,pro-endothelialization and anti-inflammation

The limitations of current drug-eluting stent technologies in selectively inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation,which often leads to inflammation,call for innovative approaches in coronary artery disease treatment.In the present work,we propose a revolutionary solution:a three-in-one platform for vascular stents,combining arsenic trioxide(ATO)and tacrolimus(TAC)to address anti-proliferation,pro-endothelialization,and anti-inflammation aspects.Our findings demonstrate that the synergistic action of ATO and TAC effectively suppresses aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and mitigates endothelial cell inflammation.Remarkably,the combination treatment of TAC/ATO enhances endothelial cell migration and adhesion abilities.Moreover,our TAC/ATO-eluting stent exhibits superior re-endothelialization and anti-restenosis effects in a rabbit and porcine stent implantation model.Both in vitro and in vivo results solidify the notion that the TAC/ATO-eluting stent ensures rapid re-endothelialization and significantly reduces the incidence of in-stent restenosis.Overall,this study represents a promising and novel multifunctional platform with immense potential in the therapy of coronary artery disease.

HS-GC-MS分析茯苓种植前后松木中的挥发性组分差异

目的:探究茯苓种植用松木在种植前后挥发性成分差异。方法:将茯苓种植前后的松木样本分别用石油醚提取,残渣再用甲醇提取得到石油醚和甲醇提取物;利用顶空-气相色谱-质谱联用(HS-GC-MS)技术分析提取物中的挥发性成分;应用峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量,数据库确认差异化合物结构;通过正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)确认显著差异化合物。结果:种植前后的松木中共检测到130种化学成分,其中125种在种植前后的相对含量发生变化;与种植前相比,种植后松木中79种相对含量降低,46种相对含量增加,其中24种显著下降,9种显著增加[变量投影重要性VIP>1或S-plots图中|p(corr)|>0.58];种植后松木中显著下降的成分主要是酸类、醇类、烷烃类、烯烃类及醚类。结论:与种植前相比,种植后的松木中相对含量下降的79种成分,尤其是相对含量显著下降的24种,可能是茯苓生长过程中从松木中吸取利用的营养物质,研究成果为茯苓松木替代种植及松木资源保护提供科学依据。

Cathepsin K contributed to disturbed flow-induced atherosclerosis is dependent on integrin-actin cytoskeleton–NF–κB pathway

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, occurring preferentially in bifurcation, branching, and bending of blood vessels exposed to disturbed flow. Disturbed flow in atheroprone areas activates elevated proteases, degrading elastin lamellae and collagenous matrix, resulting in endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. As a mediator for extracellular matrix protein degradation, cathepsin K (CTSK) was directly regulated by hemodynamics and contributed to atherosclerosis. The mechanism of CTSK responding to disturbed flow and contributing to disturbed flow-induced atherosclerosis is unclear. In this study, the partial carotid ligation model of mice and in vitro disturbed shear stress model were constructed to explore the contribution and potential mechanism of CTSK in atherosclerosis. Our results indicated that CTSK elevated in the disturbed flow area in vivo and in vitro along with endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis. Additionally, the expression of integrin αvβ3 was upregulated in these atheroprone areas. We found that inhibition of the integrin αvβ3-cytoskeleton pathway could significantly block the activation of NF-κB and the expression of CTSK. Collectively, our findings unraveled that disturbed flow induces increased CTSK expression, and contributes to endothelial inflammation and vascular remodeling, leading to atherogenesis eventually. This study is helpful to provide new enlightenment for the therapy of atherosclerosis.

Fenton-like degradation of Methylene Blue using paper mill sludge-derived magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst:Characterization and mechanism

For the paper industry, the disposal and management of the yielded sludge are a considerable challenge. In our work, the paper mill sludge-derived magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst（PMS-Fe-380） was prepared easily through a facile synthesis method. The morphology and structure of PMS-Fe-380 were fully characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller analysis. The catalytic activity of PMS-Fe-380 was evaluated by degradation of Methylene Blue（MB）. The reusability and stability of PMS-Fe-380 were evaluated in five repeated runs, which suggested that PMS-Fe-380 manifested excellent stability of catalytic activity. Moreover,leaching tests indicated that the leached iron is negligible（〈0.5 mg/L）. This study provides an alternative environmentally friendly reuse method for paper mill sludge and a novel catalyst PMS-Fe-380 that can be considered as a promising heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst.

Existence of Three Solutions for Quasilinear Elliptic Equations: an Orlicz-Sobolev Space Setting

In this paper, we establish the existence of three weak solutions for quasilinear elliptic equations in an Orlicz-Sobolev space via an abstract result recently obtained by Ricceri in [13].