Metastatic urothelial carcinoma harboring ERBB2/3 mutations dramatically respond to chemotherapy plus anti-PD-1 antibody:A case report

BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)targeting the programmed death(PD)-1 pathway have substantially changed the clinical management of metastatic urothelial carcinoma(m UC);however,the response rate remains low.There are ongoing efforts to identify robust biomarkers that can effectively predict the treatment response to ICIs.Previous studies have suggested that ERBB2/3 mutations are associated with the efficacy of ICIs in gallbladder carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY We present a 59-year-old man with m UC harboring ERBB2/3 mutations(in-frame insertion of ERBB2 and ERBB3 amplification),negative PD-ligand 1 expression,and low tumor mutation burden.He received anti-PD-1 antibodies and paclitaxel as second-line treatment.After two cycles of treatment,the lung metastases had significantly shrunk,achieving good partial remission.After six cycles of combination therapy,the patient received sindilimab 200 mg once every 3 wk as maintenance monotherapy.At the last follow-up,the patient continued to exhibit a partial response and progression-free survival for as long as 19 mo.CONCLUSION ERBB2/3 mutations may represent a predictive biomarker for selecting a subgroup of m UC patients who will benefit from ICIs.

Long survival after immunotherapy plus paclitaxel in advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy worldwide.However,currently available systemic therapies are of limited effectiveness,and the median overall survival of patients treated with first-line standard chemotherapy is less than one year.Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been used to treat solid tumors.Clinical studies recently explored the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for CCA.However,the clinical significance of predictive biomarkers for chemo-immunotherapy in CCA remains unclear.It is also worth exploring whether a combination of chemotherapeutic agents can increase the sensitivity of CCA immunotherapy.CASE SUMMARY This study reports a case of advanced iCCA in which clinical complete remission had been achieved using a programmed death 1(PD-1)inhibitor and paclitaxel without known predictive biomarkers,but with BRCA1,KRAS,and NTRK3 mutations after rapid progression to first-line chemotherapy,and has remained in clinical complete remission for more than two years.This case suggests that chemo-immunotherapy is a potential therapeutic option for patients with iCCA and few known predictive biomarkers for immunotherapies as well as synergistic effect of the combination of paclitaxel and PD-1 monoclonal antibody.CONCLUSION The combination of paclitaxel and PD-1 monoclonal antibodyr can be explored in patients with advanced iCCA.

Optical charge state manipulation of divacancy spins in silicon carbide under resonant excitation

Spin defects in silicon carbide(SiC)have attracted much attentions in various quantum technologies.In this work,we study the optical manipulation of charge state and coherent control of multifold divacancy spins ensemble in SiC under resonant excitation.The results reveal that the resonantly excited divacancy ensemble counts have dozens of enhancements by repumping a higher-energy laser.Moreover,it has a similar optimal repump laser wavelength of around 670 nm for multiple divacancies.On the basis of this,the optically detected magnetic resonance(ODMR)experiment shows that repump lasers with different wavelengths do not affect the ODMR contrast and line width.In addition,the repump lasers also do not change the divacancy spins'coherence times.The experiments pave the way for using the optimal repump excitation method for SiC-based quantum information processing and quantum sensing.