Optimization of the Open Degree of Key Valves Based on Relative Entropy and Pipeline Leakage

Based on information entropy theory, the definition of relative entropy, and the relative entropy minimum principle, this study establishes a multi-objective optimization model for a key valve opening of an urban water distribution network (WDN). Each node pressure is taken as the main research object to reduce pipeline leakage. Moreover, genetic algorithm is applied in the proposed model to solve the key valve opening of the actual WDN in a city in southern China. Using the proposed model, the relevant decision variables of a WDN can be optimized to provide a new manner of network dispatching. © 2017, Tianjin University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.

Alleviation of Drought Stress in Wheat Using Exogenous Ulva prolifera Extract Produced by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and reduce agricultural productivity.Use of algal extract as a biostimulant is gaining increased attention from researchers.This study aimed to investigate the potential of Ulva prolifera extract(UE)as a biostimulant when enzymatically extracted under conditions of water deficit.UE treatments(0.02%,0.06%,and 0.1%)significantly improved the shoot length,root length,and dry weight of roots after 120 h of drought stress relative to that in treatment with the negative control.An increase in catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)activity was also observed that resulted in improved antioxidant capacity.Application of 0.1%UE reduced the malondialdehyde(MDA)content by 30.06%compared with that in the negative control.In addition,the soluble sugar and protein content in wheat treated with 0.1%UE was increased by 23.10%and 93.51%,respectively,resulting in adjustment of the osmotic pressure.Results suggest that UE could significantly enhance the drought tolerance of wheat.This study provides a basis for increasing the value of UE as a biostimulant.

Stroke Risk Assessment Decision-Making Using a Machine Learning Model:Logistic-AdaBoost

Stroke is a chronic cerebrovascular disease that carries a high risk.Stroke risk assessment is of great significance in preventing,reversing and reducing the spread and the health hazards caused by stroke.Aiming to objectively predict and identify strokes,this paper proposes a new stroke risk assessment decision-making model named Logistic-AdaBoost(Logistic-AB)based on machine learning.First,the categorical boosting(CatBoost)method is used to perform feature selection for all features of stroke,and 8 main features are selected to form a new index evaluation system to predict the risk of stroke.Second,the borderline synthetic minority oversampling technique(SMOTE)algorithm is applied to transform the unbalanced stroke dataset into a balanced dataset.Finally,the stroke risk assessment decision-makingmodel Logistic-AB is constructed,and the overall prediction performance of this new model is evaluated by comparing it with ten other similar models.The comparison results show that the new model proposed in this paper performs better than the two single algorithms(logistic regression and AdaBoost)on the four indicators of recall,precision,F1 score,and accuracy,and the overall performance of the proposed model is better than that of common machine learning algorithms.The Logistic-AB model presented in this paper can more accurately predict patients’stroke risk.

一种智慧养老手环的设计研究

本研究设计提出了一种智能养老手环手环,可以帮助老龄化社会中独居老人子女照顾老人的健康与生命安全。手环基于STM32技术,利用单片机实现实时监测老人的关键身体参数。数据通过互联网上传至JavaScript编写的养老服务平台—“智慧管家”小程序,与国标老年健康参数比对。一旦出现异常,小程序将通过弹屏报警提醒子女,确保他们能及时采取行动。用户可以通过该平台获取健康信息和养老服务,还可以提出个性化需求,使老人的需求得到及时满足。平台还包括定时提醒功能,帮助老人按时服药,避免健康问题的发生。该研究有望极大地改善老年人的生活质量,减轻子女的照料压力,为老人和家庭创造更安心的养老环境。通过持续的改进和用户反馈,我们致力于实现智慧养老服务的创新愿景。

Relationship between Framingham risk score and subclinical atherosclerosis in carotid plaques： an in vivo study using multi-contrast MRI

The assessment and management of early-stage atherosclerosis are important for the prevention of cardiovascular disease(CVD).In this study,we used multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) to investigate the carotid plaque feature in asymptomatic,at-risk subjects;we also evaluated the correlation between MRI findings and Framingham risk score(FRS).One hundred sixty-six asymptomatic individuals with risk factors for CVD underwent multi-contrast MRI.After the arterial morphology and plaque components were outlined,the differences in carotid plaque burden among the various risk categories were analyzed.The FRS analysis showed that high-risk individuals had thicker vessel wall and higher plaque lipid content than did low risk participants.A substantial proportion of advanced carotid plaques occurred in low and intermediate-risk groups.Multi-contrast MRI may provide incremental value to the FRS in managing asymptomatic at-risk population.

Magnetic field annihilation and reconnection driven by femtosecond lasers in inhomogeneous plasma

The process of fast magnetic reconnection driven by intense ultra-short laser pulses in underdense plasma is investigated by particle-in-cell simulations. In the wakefield of such laser pulses, quasi-static magnetic fields at a few mega-Gauss are generated due to nonvanishing cross product ▽(n/) × p. Excited in an inhomogeneous plasma of decreasing density, the quasi-static magnetic field structure is shown to drift quickly both in lateral and longitudinal directions. When two parallel-propagating laser pulses with close focal spot separation are used, such field drifts can develop into magnetic reconnection(annihilation) in their overlapping region, resulting in the conversion of magnetic energy to kinetic energy of particles. The reconnection rate is found to be much higher than the value obtained in the Hall magnetic reconnection model. Our work proposes a potential way to study magnetic reconnection-related physics with short-pulse lasers of terawatt peak power only.