Application of Time-Tracking Platform in the Reperfusion Treatment of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke in Primary Hospitals

Objective To explore the application effect of time tracking platform in improving the reperfusion treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke in primary hospitals. Methods and Results Patients with acute ischemic stroke who carried out emergency intravenous thrombolysis and arterial thrombectomy in our hospital in 2021, 2022 and 2023 were selected. The time tracking mode was implemented, and the patients were recorded at each time node of the hospital and the whole-process digital management was conducted. Compared the mean DNT (Door to Needle Time) of intravenous thrombolysis in emergency stroke patients in 2021, 2022 and 2023, the total number of hospital cases within 4.5 h of onset, the total number of thrombolysis cases within 4.5 h of onset, the number of intravenous thrombolysis in 60 minutes of acute ischemic stroke, and the number of thrombolysis cases. The results show that from 2021 to 2023 our emergency stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis average DNT shortened year by year, to the hospital within 4.5 h after the onset of the difference is statistically significant (all P < 0.05) conclusion through the application of stroke time tracking platform, is beneficial to shorten the treatment time of each link, can effectively reduce the hospital time delay, improve the rate of thrombolysis, improve the reperfusion of stroke centers in primary hospitals.

A historical literature review of coronary microvascular obstruction and intra-myocardial hemorrhage as functional/structural phenomena

The analysis of experimental data demonstrates that platelets and neutrophils are involved in the no-reflow phenomenon,also known as microvascular obstruction(MVO).However,studies performed in the isolated perfused hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)do not suggest the involvement of microembolization and microthrombi in this phenomenon.The intracoronary administration of alteplase has been found to have no effect on the occurrence of MVO in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Consequently,the major events preceding the appearance of MVO in coronary arteries are independent of microthrombi,platelets,and neutrophils.Endothelial cells appear to be the target where ischemia can disrupt the endothelium-dependent vasodilation of coronary arteries.However,reperfusion triggers more pronounced damage,possibly mediated by pyroptosis.MVO and intra-myocardial hemorrhage contribute to the adverse post-infarction myocardial remodeling.Therefore,pharmacological agents used to treat MVO should prevent endothelial injury and induce relaxation of smooth muscles.Ischemic conditioning protocols have been shown to prevent MVO,with L-type Ca2+channel blockers appearing the most effective in treating MVO.

The effect of an adaptation to hypoxia on cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion

The acute myocardial infarction(AMI)and sudden cardiac death(SCD),both associated with acute cardiac ischemia,are one of the leading causes of adult death in economically developed countries.The development of new approaches for the treatment and prevention of AMI and SCD remains the highest priority for medicine.A study on the cardiovascular effects of chronic hypoxia(CH)may contribute to the development of these methods.Chronic hypoxia exerts both positive and adverse effects.The positive effects are the infarct-reducing,vasoprotective,and antiarrhythmic effects,which can lead to the improvement of cardiac contractility in reperfusion.The adverse effects are pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy.This review presents a comprehensive overview of how CH enhances cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion.It is an in-depth analysis of the published data on the underlying mechanisms,which can lead to future development of the cardioprotective effect of CH.A better understanding of the CH-activated protective signaling pathways may contribute to new therapeutic approaches in an increase of cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion.

Do reactive oxygen species damage or protect the heart in ischemia and reperfusion?Analysis on experimental and clinical data

The role of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in ischemic and reperfusion(I/R)injury of the heart has been discussed for more than 40 years.It has been demonstrated that reperfusion triggers a multiple increase in free radical generation in the isolated heart.Antioxidants were found to have the ability to mitigate I/R injury of the heart.However,it is unclear whether their cardioprotective effect truly depends on the decrease of ROS levels in myocardial tissues.Since high doses and high concentrations of antioxidants were experimentally used,it is highly likely that the cardioprotective effect of antioxidants depends on their interaction not only with free radicals but also with other molecules.It has been demonstrated that the antioxidant N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine or NDPH oxidase knockout abolished the cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning.Consequently,there is evidence that ROS protect the heart against the I/R injury.

基于模糊扩展卡尔曼的直线感应电机无速度传感器控制

直线感应电机(linear induction motor,LIM)可实现无接触、无摩擦的直线运动,具有爬坡强、横断面小、低噪音等优势,在中低速磁悬浮与城市轨道交通中被广泛应用。其中,基于观测器的电机无速度传感器矢量控制方法,是解决速度传感器成本高、可靠性低、维护难等问题的有效途径。针对LIM速度辨识受系统内外扰动影响导致观测精度下降问题,提出基于模糊扩张卡尔曼滤波(Fuzzy Extended Kalman Filter,FEKF)的速度观测方法,提高观测器鲁棒性。首先在αβ坐标系下建立考虑动态边端效应的LIM数学模型,利用LIM的实时电流和电压作为输入信号,以电流、磁链和速度作为状态变量,推导出基于扩展卡尔曼滤波(extended kalman filter,EKF)观测器电机状态空间方程的离散模型,利用EKF对LIM的速度和磁链进行在线观测,并用于实现LIM的矢量控制。其次,为提高EKF的噪声协方差矩阵Q对LIM系统内外扰动的鲁棒性,引入模糊控制方法对矩阵Q进行自适应调整,实现速度与磁链的估计精度。具体通过计算系统理论残差与实际残差的偏离程度得到噪声调节因子,实时调整噪声协方差矩阵Q,并在下一周期更新模糊扩展卡尔曼的反馈增益矩阵,提高对速度与磁链的估计精度。之后对系统的能观性与FEKF的收敛性进行分析,探明矩阵Q中各参数的边界及整定规律。最后通过仿真和硬件在环实验验证所提FEKF优化算法的有效性,结果表明FEKF能有效提高对LIM速度辨识准确性,实现LIM无速度传感器矢量控制。

考虑边端效应及参数变化的直线感应电机MRAS速度观测方法

以轨道交通直线感应电机(Linear Induction Motor,LIM)牵引驱动系统速度观测器为研究对象,针对边端效应及电机参数变化导致辨识结果实时性、鲁棒性不足的问题,提出一种基于二阶超螺旋滑模的改进模型参考自适应系统(Model Reference Adaptive System,MRAS)速度观测方法。首先,以计及动态边端效应的初次级电压电流磁链方程为核心,设计直线感应电机标准MRAS速度观测器,降低边端效应对速度辨识性能的影响。然后,进一步分析初级集肤效应和初次级横向错位对标准MRAS速度观测器辨识性能的影响。在此基础上,基于二阶超螺旋算法对MRAS参考模型进行改进,利用主滑模面和辅助滑模面对次级磁链观测的干扰项进行补偿,同时抑制由于滑模算法引入的系统抖振,提高了速度观测器的鲁棒性和动态性能。最后,搭建仿真和硬件在环实验环境进行算法验证。实验结果表明:励磁互感及其他电机参数随边端效应修正因子变化,标准MRAS观测器在突加负载、引入测量误差和电机参数突变的工况下,速度辨识误差明显;改进的MRAS观测器能够实现直线感应电机速度的快速、准确辨识,基于该速度观测器的矢量控制策略,在突加负载、引入测量误差和电机参数突变的工况下,控制性能满足设计要求。研究结果能为轨道交通直线感应电机无速度传感器牵引驱动系统的研究提供一定借鉴。

基于改进互联型全阶观测器的直线感应电机在线参数辨识

由于直线感应电机特殊结构和动态边端效应等影响,其励磁电感和次级损耗电阻的变化机理和规律复杂,为提高观测器对励磁电感和次级损耗电阻的辨识精度和性能,提出一种基于改进互联型全阶观测器的直线感应电机双参数在线辨识方法.首先,根据考虑动态边端效应的直线感应电机T型等效电路,建立双参数变化的电机状态空间方程,并分析参数变化及耦合特性对电机极点影响;其次,为减小参数耦合对辨识精度的影响,建立双参数互联的低耦合辨识模型,完成互联型全阶自适应观测器设计,采用Popov超稳定性理论推导励磁电感和次级电阻在线辨识的自适应律,实现双参数在线辨识;然后,为提高观测器的稳定性和收敛速度,结合新型极点配置法完成反馈增益矩阵的推导与设计;最后,搭建仿真模型和硬件在环辨识模型进行实验验证.结果表明:新型全阶自适应观测器在启动加速阶段时励磁电感和损耗电阻辨识误差在0.01%左右;在负载动态时损耗电阻辨识误差在0.03%左右.

Desulfurization of liquid hydrocarbon fuels via Cu_2O catalyzed photooxidation coupled with liquid–liquid extraction

By combining the photochemical reaction and liquid–liquid extraction(PODS), we studied desulfurization of model fuel and FCC gasoline. The effects of air flow, illumination time, extractants, volume ratios of extractant/fuel, and catalyst amounts on the desulfurization process of PODS were analyzed in detail. Under the conditions with the air as oxidant(150 ml·min^(-1)), the mixture of DMF–water as extractant(the volume ratio of extractant/oil of 0.5) and photo-irradiation time of 2 h, the sulfur removal rate reached only 42.63% and 39.54% for the model and FCC gasoline, respectively. Under the same conditions, the sulfur removal rate increased significantly up to79% for gasoline in the presence of Cu_2O catalyst(2 g·L^(-1)). The results suggest that the PODS combined with a Cu_2O catalyst seems to be a promising alternative for sulfur removal of gasoline.

可见光响应光催化降解罗丹明B动力学研究

采用水热法分别制备了ZnO/CdS、BiVO_(4)/g-C_(3)N_(4)两种可见光响应光催化剂,针对光催化降解致癌物罗丹明B进行了实验研究。通过X射线粉末衍射表征,发现在温和条件下成功合成了光催化材料。其中,随着ZnO的掺杂,CdS的结晶度下降,粒径尺寸变小。紫外可见漫反射表明两种催化材料具有可见光吸收能力。质量比为1︰5的ZnO/CdS和80℃下制备的BiVO_(4)/g-C_(3)N_(4)有最高的降解率,降解反应符合一级动力学过程。

磁浮管道物流系统智能测速算法研究

测速定位技术是轨道交通系统安全防护、牵引优化和运行组织的重要基础。针对磁浮管道物流运输系统多普勒雷达测速定位模块在复杂工况中量测噪声统计特性变化及数据失常的问题,提出一种新型Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法。由于Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法存在计算量大、易发散等问题,在其基础上进一步改进,引入模糊推理系统,以残差协方差的实际值与理论值之比作为模糊推理系统的输入,输出调节因子对量测噪声协方差进行实时修正。设置失常数据判断阈值,通过调节卡尔曼增益实现对失常数据的补偿,有效地提高了对磁浮管道物流运输系统的速度估计精度。仿真实验结果表明,在测速数据正常的情况下,相比于传统卡尔曼滤波器、Sage-Husa自适应滤波器,新型Sage-Husa自适应滤波器精度分别提高10.88%和4.97%;在测速数据失常的情况下,相较于前2种卡尔曼滤波器,新型Sage-Husa自适应滤波器能够更好地剔除失常数据的影响,且能够较快地收敛到真实值附近。最后通过实测车载数据对新型Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法进一步验证,并与传统的卡尔曼滤波算法以及Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法对比,其算法精度分别提高10.3%和3.6%。新型Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法对随机量测噪声抑制能力更强,速度估计精度更高,并具有对失常数据的补偿能力,能够适应管轨车辆测速定位的场景需求,为管道物流系统乃至其他轨道交通系统的安全运行提供可靠保障。

Interpeduncular cistern intrathecal targeted drug delivery for intractable postherpetic neuralgia: A case report

BACKGROUND Intractable postherpetic neuralgia(PHN)can be difficult to manage even with aggressive multimodal therapies.Patients who experience uncontrolled refractory cranial PHN despite conservative treatment may benefit from an intrathecal drug delivery system(IDDS).For craniofacial neuropathic pain,the traditional approach has been to place the intrathecal catheter tip below the level of the cranial nerve root entry zones,which may lead to insufficient analgesia.CASE SUMMARY We describe a 69-year-old man with a 1-year history of PHN after developing a vesicular rash in the ophthalmic division of cranial nerve V(trigeminal nerve)distribution.The pain was rated 7-8 at rest and 9-10 at breakthrough pain(BTP)on a numeric rating scale.Despite receiving aggressive multimodal therapies including large doses of oral analgesics(gabapentin 150 mg q12 h,oxycodone 5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg q6 h,and lidocaine 5%patch 700 mg q12 h)and sphenopalatine ganglion block,there was no relief of pain.Subsequently,the patient elected to have an implantable IDDS with the catheter tip placed at the interpeduncular cistern.The frequency of BTP episodes decreased.The patient’s continuous daily dose was adjusted to 0.032 mg/d after 3 mo of follow-up and stopped 5 mo later.He did not report pain or other discomfort at outpatient follow-up 6 mo and 1 year after stopping intracisternal hydromorphone.CONCLUSION The use of interpeduncular cistern intrathecal infusion with low-dose hydromorphone by IDDS may be effective for severe craniofacial PHN.

基于多源时空大数据的城市货车管理政策研究——以武汉市三环线为例

在服务城市经济和产业发展的同时,降低货运对城市交通安全、效率、环保的不利影响,制定科学、精细、合理的货运管理政策是一项重要研究课题。该文首先提出城市货运活动管理的基本任务和管理政策制定的研究思路,然后以武汉市为例,通过多源大数据分析货车出行空间特征,研究货车出行与城市空间以及居民日常出行之间的互动关系,总结出货车出行空间与城市三环线等关键通道、物流产业用地之间的相互关系,为货车政策制定及货运通道运行组织提供了量化支撑和相关建议。

Accurate design of spatially separated double active site in Bi_(4)NbO_(8)Cl single crystal to promote Z-Scheme photocatalytic overall water splitting

The efficiency of photocatalytic overall water splitting was mainly limited by the slow reaction kinetics of water oxidation.How to design effective surface active site to overcome the slow water oxidation reaction was a major challenge.Here,we propose a strategy to accelerate surface water oxidation through the fabrication spatially separated double active sites.FeCoPi/Bi_(4)NbO_(8)Cl-OVs photocatalyst with spatially separated double active site was prepared by hydrogen reduction photoanode deposition method.Due to the high matching of the spatial loading positions of FeCoPi and OVs with the photogenerated charge distribution of Bi_(4)NbO_(8)Cl and corresponding reaction mechanisms of substrate,the FeCoPi and OVs on the(001)and(010)crystal planes of Bi_(4)NbO_(8)Cl photocatalyst provided surface active site for water oxidation reaction and electron shuttle reaction(Fe^(3+)/Fe^(2+)),respectively.Under visible light irradiation,the evolution O_(2)rate of FeCoPi/Bi_(4)NbO_(8)Cl OVs was 16.8μmol h^(-1),as 32.9 times as Bi_(4)NbO_(8)Cl.Furthermore,a hydrogen evolution co-catalyst PtRu@Cr_(2)O_(3)was prepared by sequential photodeposition method.Due to the introduction of Ru,the Schottky barrier between PbTiO_(3)and Pt was effectively reduced,which promoted the transfer of photogenerated electrons to PtRu@Cr_(2)O_(3)thermodynamically,the evolution H_(2)rate on PtRu@Cr_(2)O_(3)/PbTiO_(3)increased to 664.8 times.On based of the synchronous enhancement of the water oxidation performance on FeCoPi/Bi_(4)NbO_(8)Cl-OVs and water reduction performance on PtRu@Cr_(2)O_(3)/PbTiO_(3),a novel Z-Scheme photocatalytic overall water splitting system(FeCoPi/Bi_(4)NbO_(8)Cl-OVs)mediated by Fe^(3+)/Fe^(2+)had successfully constructed.Under visible light irradiation,the evolution rates of H_(2)and O_(2)were 2.5 and 1.3μmol h^(-1),respectively.This work can provide some reference for the design of active site and the controllable synthesis of OVs spatial position.On the other hand,the hydrogen evolution co catalyst(PtRu@Cr_(2)O_(3))and the co catalyst FeCoPi for oxygen evolution contributed to the construction of an overall water splitting system.

Evolutionary games and spatial periodicity

Spatial interactions are considered an important factor influencing a variety of evolutionary processes that take place in structured populations.It still remains an open problem to fully understand evolutionary game dynamics on networks except for certain limiting scenarios such as weak selection.Here we study the evolutionary dynamics of spatial games under strong selection where strategy evolution of individuals becomes deterministic in a fashion of winners taking all.We show that the long term behavior of the evolutionary process eventually converges to a particular basin of attraction,which is either a periodic cycle or a single fixed state depending on specific initial conditions and model parameters.In particular,we find that symmetric starting configurations can induce an exceedingly long transient phase encompassing a large number of aesthetic spatial patterns including the prominent kaleidoscopic cooperation.Our finding holds for any population structure and a broad class of finite games beyond the Prisoner’s Dilemma.Our work offers insights into understanding evolutionary dynamics of spatially extended systems ubiquitous in biology and ecology.

基于高压微通道粉碎技术的全藕汁制备及其稳定性研究

通过利用高压微通道粉碎技术对莲藕进行超微粉碎,采用无硫护色剂对莲藕进行护色,并选用复配稳定剂以提高全藕汁产品的悬浮稳定性,进而制备得到口感好的全藕汁产品。实验结果表明,当无硫护色剂选择0. 6%柠檬酸、0. 6%抗坏血酸和0. 06%半胱氨酸复配时,护色时间为10 min,所得的全藕汁亮度值最高L*值为91. 6。当高压微通道粉碎压力为60 MPa,粉碎次数2次时,所制备的全藕汁平均粒径可达10μm左右。当黄原胶的添加量为0. 12%、CMC-Na为0. 12%和果胶为0. 04%时,全藕汁的稳定系数为0. 874且悬浮稳定性最好。

思维导图在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎手术护理中的效果

目的探讨思维导图在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎手术护理中的效果。方法选择本院2019年4月至2020年4月收治的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎手术患者84例,随机分为常规护理组和思维导图组各42例。常规护理组接受慢性鼻-鼻窦炎手术常规护理,思维导图组在思维导图指引下进行针对性护理。观察护理后患者健康教育知识认知情况评分、满意度、疾病相关知识掌握情况、SNOT-20量表评分。结果思维导图组出院当日满意度评分高于常规护理组,SNOT-20量表评分低于常规护理组(P<0.05)。术后1天、出院当天思维导图组健康教育知识认知情况评分和疾病相关知识掌握情况评分均高于常规护理组(P<0.05)。结论思维导图在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎手术护理中的效果显著,可提高患者对健康教育和疾病相关知识的认知,改善患者临床症状。

拔节期干旱胁迫下冬小麦品种间产量及生理响应的差异

拔节期干旱是影响冬小麦产量的重要灾害,揭示不同品种对干旱胁迫生理响应的差异,可为鉴选与培育抗旱品种提供指导。选取黄淮海平原不同冬麦区种植面积较大的晋麦47、洛旱2号、石家庄8号、豫麦18和郑麦9023共5个品种和1个抗逆性较弱的品种偃麦20,利用防雨棚开展盆栽试验研究。从籽粒产量以及气孔特性、膜稳定性和渗透调节特性等方面,分析拔节期受水分胁迫后,各品种抗旱性和干旱胁迫响应途径的差异。结果表明:(1)灌溉条件下,晋麦47、洛旱2号和石家庄8号产量较高,豫麦18和偃麦20产量较低。拔节期受干旱胁迫后,晋麦47、洛旱2号和豫麦18产量较高,石家庄8号和偃麦20产量较低。可见,以籽粒产量为抗旱性评价的核心指标,晋麦47、洛旱2号和豫麦18抗旱性较强,石家庄8号和偃麦20抗旱性较弱,郑麦9023抗旱性居中。(2)3个抗旱品种间干旱胁迫响应途径并不一致。与抗旱性较弱的石家庄8号和偃麦20相比,拔节期干旱胁迫下,豫麦18气孔导度较低,气孔调节能力强;洛旱2号细胞渗透势较低,渗透调节能力较强;洛旱2号膜离子渗漏率较低,膜稳定性较强;晋麦47在气孔调节、渗透调节和膜稳定性调节方面与抗旱性较弱的品种无显著差异。研究结果说明,冬小麦品种间响应干旱胁迫的关键途径存在差异。因而品种的抗旱性难以通过单一生理指标科学评价,需要多指标联合鉴定。

透明质酸对脱硫石膏制备高分散性α-半水石膏形貌和强度的影响

在常压,Ca(NO3)2-KCl溶液中,以脱硫石膏为原料,研究了聚合物大分子透明质酸转晶剂浓度和pH值对α-半水石膏晶体生长的影响。实验结果表明,pH值为5.5,转晶剂透明质酸浓度为3.0 g·L-1时,制备的α-半水石膏为规整度高、分散性好的六边短柱状晶体。α-半水石膏水化硬化浆体力学性能测试显示,浆体抗压强度和抗折强度随着α-半水石膏晶体长径比减小和规整度的增加而逐渐变大,其最大值分别为58.8 MPa和28.5 MPa,属于高强石膏。

磷脂酶D参与冬小麦对干旱胁迫的响应

磷脂酶D(phospholipase D,PLD)通过水解细胞膜磷脂产生信使物质磷脂酸(PA),并介导多种激素与逆境的信号转导过程。为探讨PLD在参与干旱信号转导调控细胞膜稳定性方面的作用及其途径,采用在培养液中加入PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫,用PLD抑制剂正丁醇(n-butanol,BA)抑制PLD产生PA,对比PEG+BA处理与PEG处理下小麦抗旱性、膜稳定性以及抗氧化酶类的变化。结果表明,与PEG处理相比,PEG+BA处理下,冬小麦幼苗叶片生长受抑制,净光合速率下降,光合非气孔限制作用增强,细胞膜离子渗漏率显著升高,膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)升高,抗氧化酶POD活性下降,表明PLD参与干旱胁迫下过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)活性的调控。由此揭示出一条潜在的由PLD介导的干旱信号转导途径,即干旱胁迫—PLD激活—POD活性增强—保护膜脂过氧化损伤—提高细胞膜稳定性—植物抗旱性增强。

地方院校制药工程专业课程体系的构建与实践

课程是高校实现人才培养目标和推动本科教学改革的根本着力点,在高校本科人才培养中处于核心位置。制药工程专业主要培养掌握制药工程及相关学科基本理论和专业知识,能够在制药及相关领域从事科学研究、技术开发、工艺与工程设计、生产组织、管理与服务等工作的高素质专门人才。立足于武陵山区特色药用资源,提高新工科人才培养质量,主要讨论了地方高校制药工程专业人才培养课程体系的构建与实践,形成了以培养工程实践能力、工程设计能力、工程创新能力和团队协作能力为主线的具有武陵山区地方特色的课程体系,建设效果明显,具有较强的推广和示范作用。