The development of tin-based devices with low toxicity is critical for the commercial viability of perovskite solar cells.However because tin halide is a stronger Lewis acid,its crystallization rate is extremely fast,...The development of tin-based devices with low toxicity is critical for the commercial viability of perovskite solar cells.However because tin halide is a stronger Lewis acid,its crystallization rate is extremely fast,resulting in the formation of numerous defects that affect the device performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells.Herein,propylamine hydrobromide(PABr)was added to the perovskite precursor solution as an additive to passivate defects and fabricate more uniform and dense perovskite films.Because propylamine cations are too large to enter the perovskite lattices,they only exist at the grain boundary to passivate surface defects and promote crystal growth in a preferred orientation.The PABr additive raises the average short-circuit current density from 19.45 to 25.47 mA·cm^(-2)by reducing carrier recombination induced by defects.Furthermore,the device’s long-term illumination stability is improved after optimization,and the hysteresis effect is negligible.The addition of PABr results in a power conversion efficiency of 9.35%.展开更多
Gray leaf spot(GLS)caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis and C.zeina is an extremely devastating leaf disease that limits maize production annually.The use of GLS-resistant maize hybrids is the most cost-effective approach...Gray leaf spot(GLS)caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis and C.zeina is an extremely devastating leaf disease that limits maize production annually.The use of GLS-resistant maize hybrids is the most cost-effective approach for reducing losses.Resistance to GLS is quantitatively inherited in maize(Zea mays L.)and further sources of resistance remain to be analyzed.Here,we detected qRgls1.06,a major quantitative trait locus for GLS resistance in bin 1.06 that explained approximately 55%of the phenotype variance.Fine mapping over 2 consecutive years localized qRgls1.06 to a 2.38-Mb region.Homozygous qRgls1.06^(WGR/WGR) plants in DZ01 background displayed higher GLS resistance and 100-grain weight than DZ01 plants.The GLS responses of several susceptible elite inbred lines were improved by the introduction of qRgls1.06 by marker-assisted backcrossing.Our findings extend the understanding of the genetic basis of resistance to GLS and provide a set of resistant germplasm for genetic improvement of resistance to GLS in maize.展开更多
AIM: To study the therapeutic effect of rapamycin liposome eyedrops on fungal keratitis(FK) and its effect on the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1).METHODS: This study adopted the thin film dispersio...AIM: To study the therapeutic effect of rapamycin liposome eyedrops on fungal keratitis(FK) and its effect on the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1).METHODS: This study adopted the thin film dispersion method to prepare rapamycin liposomes eyedrops, as well as used the orthogonal design to analyze and study main influencing factors that affected the quality of liposomes. Totally 96 healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group(A), FK blank control group(B), FK blank liposomes control group(C), and 30 FK rapamycin liposome treatment group(D). Groups B, C, and D were first prepared as FK animal models. The corneal response was recorded in details on day 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 after modeling. Six rats were obtained and immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of MCP-1 protein and mRNA, respectively.RESULTS: The severity of corneal lesions in the rapamycin treatment group was reduced, and the clinical score of the slit lamp examination was lower than that of Groups B and C(P<0.01). The expression of MCP-1 in rapamycin treatment group was significantly inhibited, comparing to that of groups B and C(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Liposome is a good drug carrier for rapamycin. Rapamycin has a good therapeutic effect on FK. It can reduce FK fungal burden and significantly inhibit the expression of MCP-1 protein and mRNA.展开更多
基金supported by the Talent Fund of Beijing Jiaotong University (No.2019RC058)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62205013,62075009,62275013,and 12274020)。
文摘The development of tin-based devices with low toxicity is critical for the commercial viability of perovskite solar cells.However because tin halide is a stronger Lewis acid,its crystallization rate is extremely fast,resulting in the formation of numerous defects that affect the device performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells.Herein,propylamine hydrobromide(PABr)was added to the perovskite precursor solution as an additive to passivate defects and fabricate more uniform and dense perovskite films.Because propylamine cations are too large to enter the perovskite lattices,they only exist at the grain boundary to passivate surface defects and promote crystal growth in a preferred orientation.The PABr additive raises the average short-circuit current density from 19.45 to 25.47 mA·cm^(-2)by reducing carrier recombination induced by defects.Furthermore,the device’s long-term illumination stability is improved after optimization,and the hysteresis effect is negligible.The addition of PABr results in a power conversion efficiency of 9.35%.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Self-Research Program(ZW18B0101)the China Scholarship Council(201908420122)+1 种基金the Teachers’Scientific Ability Cultivation Foundation of Hubei University of Arts and Science(PYSB20201001)the Xiangyang Youth Science and Technology Talent Development Plan.
文摘Gray leaf spot(GLS)caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis and C.zeina is an extremely devastating leaf disease that limits maize production annually.The use of GLS-resistant maize hybrids is the most cost-effective approach for reducing losses.Resistance to GLS is quantitatively inherited in maize(Zea mays L.)and further sources of resistance remain to be analyzed.Here,we detected qRgls1.06,a major quantitative trait locus for GLS resistance in bin 1.06 that explained approximately 55%of the phenotype variance.Fine mapping over 2 consecutive years localized qRgls1.06 to a 2.38-Mb region.Homozygous qRgls1.06^(WGR/WGR) plants in DZ01 background displayed higher GLS resistance and 100-grain weight than DZ01 plants.The GLS responses of several susceptible elite inbred lines were improved by the introduction of qRgls1.06 by marker-assisted backcrossing.Our findings extend the understanding of the genetic basis of resistance to GLS and provide a set of resistant germplasm for genetic improvement of resistance to GLS in maize.
文摘AIM: To study the therapeutic effect of rapamycin liposome eyedrops on fungal keratitis(FK) and its effect on the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1).METHODS: This study adopted the thin film dispersion method to prepare rapamycin liposomes eyedrops, as well as used the orthogonal design to analyze and study main influencing factors that affected the quality of liposomes. Totally 96 healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group(A), FK blank control group(B), FK blank liposomes control group(C), and 30 FK rapamycin liposome treatment group(D). Groups B, C, and D were first prepared as FK animal models. The corneal response was recorded in details on day 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 after modeling. Six rats were obtained and immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of MCP-1 protein and mRNA, respectively.RESULTS: The severity of corneal lesions in the rapamycin treatment group was reduced, and the clinical score of the slit lamp examination was lower than that of Groups B and C(P<0.01). The expression of MCP-1 in rapamycin treatment group was significantly inhibited, comparing to that of groups B and C(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Liposome is a good drug carrier for rapamycin. Rapamycin has a good therapeutic effect on FK. It can reduce FK fungal burden and significantly inhibit the expression of MCP-1 protein and mRNA.
