Cluster Analysis of Differentially Expressed Heat Stress Genes in Rat Jejunal Mucosal

[Objective] The aim was to study the heat stress mechanism of differentially expressed genes in rat jejunal mucosal. [Method] Variable cluster analysis and cluster analysis of samples on the differentially expressed heat stress genes in rat jejunal mucosal were carried out with SAS software, and statistics of distribution of the differentially expressed genes on chromosomes were conducted. [Result] The differentially expressed genes were divided into seven categories, of which, the upregulated genes included three categories(i.e.: Category A: Hspa1 a, Hspa1 b,Hspb1, Hsph1, Dnaja4, Ahsa2 and P4ha1; Category B: Cyp1a2, Zbtb16, Gucy2 g,Fgb, Cyp4a3 and Etv2; and Category C: Cyp1a2, Chac1 and Cyp4b1) and the down-regulated genes included four categories(i.e.: Category D: Tlr2, Noxo1,LOC286989 and Aspg; Category E: RGD1560395, Alb and BQ194726; Category F:Ccl4, Gzmk, AI228153, Anxa10, S100a9 and Ascl5; and Category G: Reg1 a and Slc13a1). The classification, function and reasons of differential expression for each gene category were analyzed. [Conclusion] Most of the three categories of up-regulated genes were related to the heat shock proteins; and most of the four categories of down-regulated genes were related to the immunity, providing reference for discussion of the heat stress mechanism.

Flow and Melting Thermal Transfer Enhancement Analysis of Alumina,Titanium Oxide-Based Maxwell Nanofluid Flow Inside Double Rotating Disks with Finite-Element Simulation

The energy produced by the melting stretching disks surface has a wide range of commercial applications,including semi-conductor material preparation,magma solidification,permafrost melting,and frozen land refreezing,among others.In view of this,in the current communication we analyzed magnetohydrodynamic flow ofMaxwell nanofluid between two parallel rotating disks.Nanofluids are important due to their astonishing properties in heat conduction flows and in the enhancement of electronic and manufacturing devices.Furthermore,the distinct tinysized particles Al_(2)O_(3)and TiO_(2)in theMaxwell water-based fluid for enhancing the heat transfer rate are analyzed.The heat equation is developed in the occurrence of thermal radiation.The influences of melting impacts are incorporated.The mathematical model is developed in the form of partial differential expressions then converted to ordinary differential equations by employing tool of similarity variables.Finite element method(FEM)is chosen for solving the nonlinear governing ordinary differential equations(ODEs)with necessary conditions.The consequence of flow parameters against the velocity profiles and heat transport field is considered.The noted novelty of this communication is to discuss the thermal transfer of Maxwell nanofluid model through double stretching disks with thermal radiation and melting phenomenon.Further,Al_(2)O_(3)/water and TiO_(2)/water are considered in the modeling.

Preparation and Electrorheological Response of PAL/TiO_(2)/PANI Nanorods

Using palygorskite(PAL)as template,the PAL/TiO_(2)/PANI nano-rods were synthesized by heterogeneous precipitation and in-situ polymerization.The synthesized PAL/TiO_(2)/PANI nanorods were used as a novel electrorheological(ER)fluid by mixing with silicone oil,which showed excellent ER effect.The yield stress of the PAL/TiO_(2)/PANI based ER fluid(15 vol%)reached 8.8 kPa under 4 kV mm^(−1) electric field.The dynamic shear stress of the PAL/TiO_(2)/PANI based ER fluid could maintain a stable level in the shear rate range of 0.1–100 s^(−1).Furthermore,the PAL/TiO_(2)/PANI ER fluid exhibited excellent suspension stability.

Properties of ABS/Organic-Attapulgite Nanocomposites Parts Fabricated by Fused Deposition Modeling

The paper discusses the mechanical and thermal performance manifested in natural nanorods attapulgite(ATP)reinforced Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)nanocomposites in the process of fused deposition modeling(FDM).Molten extrusion technique was taken to manufacture the filaments of ABS/organic-attapulgite(OAT)nanocomposites with different mass fraction and the printing operation was made by one commercial FDM three-dimensional(3D)printer.Results indicate that the mechanical performance of these FDM 3D printed specimens are improved obviously via the introduction of OAT,and tensile strength of the ABS/OAT nanocomposites parts with only 2 wt%OAT addition is enhanced by 48.1%.At the same time,the addition OAT can reduce the linear expansion coefficient and creep flexibility,and improve the thermal stability and dimensional accuracy of these FDM 3D printed parts.

E3泛素连接酶MG53在胰岛素抵抗及代谢性疾病中的作用

泛素是一种存在于大多数真核细胞的小蛋白，它的主要功能是标记需要分解掉的蛋白质；附有泛素的蛋白质在桶状蛋白酶的作用下会发生降解。蛋白质泛素化是后翻译修饰的一种常见形式，这一过程是一个三酶级联反应，即需要泛素活化酶（E1）、泛素交联酶（E2）和泛素连接酶（E3）的参与。其中E3泛素连接酶能识别特定的需要被泛素化的靶蛋白，并催化泛素分子转移到靶蛋白上。Mitsugumin53（MG53）是一种存在于人类、鼠类及其他哺乳动物体内的天然蛋白质，它特异性表达于骨骼肌和心脏中，是一种含三个特定模序结构的家族蛋白。该家族蛋白能结合在细胞不需要的蛋白质上，并将其降解。

Identification and Control of Main Diseases of Cotton

The main symptoms of cotton viral diseases,bacterial diseases,fungal diseases and physiological diseases are introduced,and the corresponding prevention and control techniques are put forward,in order to provide a certain basis for the improvement of cotton yield and quality.

术前/输血前筛查血源性传播疾病风险检测方法比较的多中心研究

目的对医院术前/输血前患者开展血源性传播疾病筛查方法比较的多中心研究,以探索更优的临床血源性传播疾病筛查方案。方法收集2021年7月至2021年12月10家医院拟进行术前/输血前血源性传播疾病检测的入院患者血浆样本,进行横断面研究。采用核酸检测技术检测乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)RNA和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)(1+2)RNA,并同时与参与医院现行的免疫血清学检测方法的结果进行比较,用χ^(2)检验和Kappa检验统计分析核酸检测和免疫血清学这2种方法的差异。结果10家医院共收集到有效样本8655例。在HCV的检测中,2种方法的阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);在HBV和HIV的检测中,2种方法的阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但HBV DNA和HIV RNA检出的阳性例数(分别为238、4例)均多于相应的血清学检测结果(分别为216、2例)。HBV、HCV和HIV的免疫血清学均存在漏检情况,其中,HBsAg阴性、HBV DNA阳性28例,HCV抗体阴性、HCV RNA阳性2例,HIV抗原/抗体阴性、HIV RNA阳性2例。在2种检测方法结果不一致的66份样本中,年龄>45岁、肿瘤、外科、男性患者分别占83.3%(55/66)、68.2%(45/66)、63.6%(42/66)和62.1%(41/66)。结论核酸检测相对于免疫血清学检测,能及时检出HBV、HCV、HIV感染者,减少漏检。45岁以上、肿瘤患者等进行术前/输血前免疫血清学筛查的同时,用HBV、HCV、HIV核酸检测筛查可降低传播风险。

核酸检测在入院患者乙型肝炎病毒筛查中的应用

目的探讨核酸检测在入院患者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)筛查中的应用。方法横断面研究。收集2021年7月至2021年12月,国内10家医疗机构入院患者血浆样本,采用血清学免疫法和核酸筛查的方法,分别检测乙型肝炎标记性指标如乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)、乙型肝炎e抗体(HBeAb)、乙型肝炎核心抗体(HBcAb)及HBV DNA,对不同方法学检测结果阳性数及患者临床信息进行统计学分析。结果8655例患者样本中,血清学免疫法检出HBsAg阳性者216例(2.50%),核酸筛查出HBV DNA阳性者238例(2.75%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其中,HBsAg、HBV DNA均阳性者210例(2.43%),HBsAg阴性、HBV DNA阳性者28例(0.32%),HBsAg阳性、HBV DNA阴性者6例(0.07%)。结论对入院需行乙型肝炎病毒筛查患者开展HBV DNA检测,可与现行的血清学免疫法同样有效且能提高HBV的检出率。

中国住院患者乙型和丙型肝炎核酸筛查的成本效果分析

目的比较中国住院患者采用乙型和丙型肝炎核酸筛查、免疫学筛查和无筛查策略时不同支付意愿(WTP)下的成本效果,探索最优策略。方法以核酸筛查、免疫学筛查和无筛查为研究策略,2021年我国国内生产总值(GDP)80976元为WTP阈值,构建马尔可夫模型。引入住院患者乙型和丙型肝炎诊断治疗相关参数后,采用TreeAge Pro 2021软件创建以10万例住院患者作为模拟队列的决策树模型,计算不同筛查策略的总成本、总效果、增量成本效果比和平均成本效果比,进行成本效果比较和评估。采用单因素和概率敏感性分析用于评估参数不确定性对最终结果的影响。结果相对无筛查策略,对队列患者乙型肝炎免疫学筛查策略增量总成本为11049536元,增量成本效果比为24762元/质量调整寿命年(QALY),而核酸筛查获得增量总成本19208059元,增量成本效果比为29873元/QALY;核酸与免疫学筛查比较增量成本效果比为45834元/QALY。相对无筛查策略,丙型肝炎免疫学筛查策略增量成本效果比为5731元/QALY,核酸筛查策略增量成本效果比为8722元/QALY,核酸筛查与免疫学筛查的增量效果比为45591元/QALY。概率敏感性分析结果显示,当核酸检测费用超过214.53元时,在1倍GDP的WTP值下进行乙型肝炎核酸筛查不具有成本效果。当核酸检测费用超过132.18元时,在1倍GDP的WTP值下进行丙型肝炎筛查不具有成本效果。结论核酸筛查策略能获得更多的成本效果。与对住院患者乙型和丙型肝炎无筛查策略比较,无论是核酸筛查还是免疫学筛查策略均具有成本效果。

Enhanced interfacial polarization of defective porous carbon confined CoP nanoparticles forming Mott-Schottky heterojunction for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

Integrating heterogeneous interface through nanostructure design and interfacial modification is essential to realize strengthened interfacial polarization relaxation in electromagnetic wave absorption.However,an in-depth comprehension of the interfacial polarization behavior at hetero-junction/interface is highly desired but remains a great challenge.Herein,a Mott-Schottky heterojunction consisting of honeycomb-like porous N-doped carbon confined CoP nanoparticles(CoP@HNC)is designed to elevate the interfacial polarization strength.Simultaneously,corresponding electron migration and redistribution between the heterointerface of defective carbon and CoP nanoparticles are revealed.The significant difference in the work function on both sides of heterogeneous interface boosts the interfacial polarization in high frequency region.Furthermore,the relevant spectroscopic characterizations demonstrate that electron spontaneously migrates from CoP to N-doped carbon at the heterointerface,thereby contributing to the accumulation of electron on defective carbon side and the distribution of hole on CoP side.Impressively,benefitting from the synergistic effects of three-dimensional porous conductive carbon skeleton,foreign N heteroatoms,special CoP nanoparticles,and the resultant CoP/N-doped carbon Mott-Schottky heterojunction,the CoP@HNC exhibits remarkable electromagnetic wave absorption performances with minimum reflection loss up to−60.8 dB and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 4.96 GHz,which is superior to most of recently reported transition metal phosphides microwave absorbing composites.The present work opens a new avenue for designing heterogeneous interface to realize strengthened microwave absorption capability and also reveals the in-depth influence of interface structure on electromagnetic wave absorption.

A novel tobacco gene coding for a product similar to bacterial two-component regulators

The two-component signaling system has been studied in bacteria. It takes part in signal transduction of adaptive behavior. Recent studies have shown that a similar two-component system is also present in eukaryotes. Examples of this are ETR1 and CKI1 genes which may involve the signal transduction of plant hormone ethylene and cytokinin respectively. The cloning and characterization of a novel gene ( NTHK1 ) fragment from tobacco are presented.Its partial sequence codes for a product which shows similarity to many two-component signaling proteins. Southern blot analysis indicated that there are 2 to 3 copies of NTHK1 gene in tobacco genome (allotetraploid). Homologous genes may also exist in other plants such as Arabidopsis, soybean and spinach. The expression of NTHK1 gene has also been analyzed in tobacco.Further studies on the isolation of full-length cDNA of NTHK1 gene will elucidate more clearly its function in signal perception and transduction.

Photothermal materials for efficient solar powered steam generation

Solar powered steam generation is an emerging area in the field o f energy harvest and sustainable technologies.The nano-structured photothermal materials are able to harvest energy from the full solar spectrum and convert it to heat with high efficiency.Moreover,the materials and structures for heat management as well as the mass transportation are also brought to the forefront.Several groups have reported their materials and structures as solutions for high performance devices,a few creatively coupled other physical fields with solar energy to achieve even better results.This paper provides a systematic review on the recent developments in photothermal nanomaterial discovery,material selection,structural design and mass/heat management,as well as their applications in seawater desalination and fresh water production from waste water with free solar energy.It also discusses current technical challenges and likely future developments.This article will help to stimulate novel ideas and new designs for the photothermal materials,towards efficient,low cost practical solar-driven clean water production.