Experiment on inducing apoptosis of melanoma cells by micro-plasma jet

As a promising cancer treatment method,cold atmospheric plasma has received widespread attention in recent years.However,previous research has focused more on how to realize and expand the anti-cancer scope of plasma jet.There are also studies on the killing of small-scale cancer cells,but the effects of plasma jet on normal cells and normal cell clusters have been ignored.Therefore,we proposed a 50μm sized micro-plasma jet device,and used the device to treat melanoma cells(A-375)and human glial cells(HA1800)to evaluate their anti-cancer effects and effects on normal cells.The experimental results show that this kind of micro-plasma jet device can effectively inactivate cancer cells in a short period of time,while having little effect on normal cells.This work provides a certain experimental basis for the application offine plasma jet to clinically inactivate cancer cells.

物理化学线上教学的实践与思考

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下,全国高校"停课不停教,停课不停学",线上教学成为大家的共同选择。以华中师范大学化学学院的"物理化学"教学为例,介绍了教学材料的准备、上课方式的选择、教学过程的演进以及对线上教学的思考。通过大半学期的实施,充分发挥了信息化的优势和教师"导"、学生"学"的作用,师生共同构建了物理化学线上教学课堂。结合对学生的调研,总结了线上教学存在的问题和思考,为相关教学的开展提供借鉴。

Flexible Conductive Anodes Based on 3D Hierarchical Sn/NS-CNFs@rGO Network for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Metallic Sn has provoked tremendous progress as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).However,Sn anodes suffer from a dramatic capacity fading,owing to pulverization induced by drastic volume expansion during cycling.Herein,a flexible three-dimensional(3D)hierarchical conductive network electrode is designed by constructing Sn quantum dots(QDs)encapsulated in one-dimensional N,S codoped carbon nanofibers(NS-CNFs)sheathed within two-dimensional(2D)reduced graphene oxide(rGO)scrolls.In this ingenious strategy,1D NS-CNFs are regarded as building blocks to prevent the aggregation and pulverization of Sn QDs during sodiation/desodiation,2D rGO acts as electrical roads and“bridges”among NS-CNFs to improve the conductivity of the electrode and enlarge the contact area with electrolyte.Because of the unique structural merits,the flexible 3D hierarchical conductive network was directly used as binder-and current collectorfree anode for SIBs,exhibiting ultra-long cycling life(373 mAh g?1 after 5000 cycles at 1 A g?1),and excellent high-rate capability(189 mAh g?1 at 10 A g?1).This work provides a facile and efficient engineering method to construct 3D hierarchical conductive electrodes for other flexible energy storage devices.

Corydalis Rhizoma as a model for herb-derived trace metabolites exploration:A cross-mapping strategy involving multiple doses and samples

Deciphering the metabolites of multiple components in herbal medicine has far-reaching significance for revealing pharmacodynamic ingredients.However,most chemical components of herbal medicine are secondary metabolites with low content whose in vivo metabolites are close to trace amounts,making it difficult to achieve comprehensive detection and identification.In this paper,an efficient strategy was proposed:herb-derived metabolites were predicted according to the structural characteristics and metabolic reactions of chemical constituents in Corydalis Rhizoma and chemical structure screening tables for metabolites were conducted.The fragmentation patterns were summarized from representative standards combining with specific cleavage behaviors to deduce structures of metabolites.Ion abundance plays an important role in compound identification,and high ion abundance can improve identification accuracy.The types of metabolites in different biological samples were very similar,but their ion abundance might be different.Therefore,for trace metabolites in biological samples,we used the following two methods to process:metabolites of high dose herbal extract were analyzed to characterize those of clinical dose herbal extracts in the same biological samples;cross-mapping of different biological samples was applied to identify trace metabolites based on the fact that a metabolite has different ion abundance in different biological samples.Compared with not using this strategy,44 more metabolites of clinical dose herbal extract were detected.This study improved the depth,breadth,and accuracy of current methods for herb-derived metabolites characterization.

Study on the regulation of brain-gut peptide by Shenling Baizhu San in functional diarrhea rats

Objective:To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Shenling Baizhu San (SLBZS) on functional diarrhea (FDr) by studying the brain-gut axis and related neuropeptides.Methods:Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group,model group,SLBZS-treated group and Montmorillonite Powder-treated group (MP-treated group) (n =15/group).Rats received gavage after the establishment of functional diarrhea.An equal volume of SLBZS solution and Montmorillonite Powder (MP) solution was administered to the SLBZS-treated group and MP-treated group,respectively,and an equal volume of distilled water was administered to the control group and the model group.The chemical components and targets related to SLBZS were identified from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID).The effective chemical components were screened based on oral bioavailability (OB) and drug like-index (DL),and their biological functions were analyzed by GlueGO.Based on this screening,the expression of Cholecystokinin (CCK) and Ghrelin in the hypothalamus of rats was detected by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blotting.Results:In this study,72 effective components and 190 core targets of SLBZS were screened.SLBZS may regulate smooth muscle contraction,energy metabolism and other biological processes.The results of RT-PCR showed that in the model group,the expression of CCK mRNA (P =.001) and Ghrelin mRNA (P =.000) increased significantly.Compared with the model group,CCK mRNA (P =.007) and Ghrelin mRNA (P =.001) levels in SLBZS-treated rats were decreased significantly.The results of western blotting showed that in the model group,the protein expression of CCK (P =.001) and Ghrelin (P =.000) increased significantly.The protein levels of CCK (P =.001) and Ghrelin (P =.005) in the SLBZS-treated group were decreased significantly compared with the model group.Conclusion:SLBZS improved functional diarrhea by regulating the brain-gut axis.Changes in the expressions of brain-gut peptide,CCK and Ghrelin might explain the pathogenesis of functional diarrhea related to brain-gut peptide and gastrointestinal hormone.

Study on Hyperspectral Estimation Model of Chlorophyll Content in Grape Leaves

In view of the shortage of using traditional methods to monitor chlorophyll content, hyperspectral technology was used to estimate the chlorophyll content of grape leaves rapidly, accurately and non-destructively. Based on the data of hyperspectral reflectivity and SPAD value of grape leaves collected from Wanjishan grape planting base in Tai an, the correlations of SPAD value with the original spectral reflectivity of grape leaves and its first derivative were analyzed to select sensitive bands, and an estimation model of chlorophyll content in grape leaves based on hyperspectral reflectivity was established. The best model was SPAD = 59.352＋ 44 836.313 R 601 .

Research on Estimation Models of Chlorophyll Content in Apple Leaves Based on Imaging Hyperspectral Data

In view of the shortage of using traditional methods to monitor chlorophyll content, hyperspectral technology was used to estimate the chlorophyll content of apple leaves rapidly, accurately and non-destructively. Based on the data of hyperspectral reflectivity and SPAD value of normal apple leaves and the leaves under the stress of red spiders collected from the Wanjishan base in Tai an, the correlations of SPAD value with the original spectral reflectivity of apple leaves and its first derivative and between SPAD value and high spectral value were analyzed to select sensitive bands, and the estimation models of chlorophyll content in apple leaves based on hyperspectral reflectivity were established. The sensitive bands of chlorophyll content in normal apple leaves were 513-539, 564-585, 694, 699 and 720 nm , and the best estimation model of chlorophyll content was SPAD =152.450-1 884.851 R 377 . The sensitive bands of chlorophyll content in the leaves under the stress of red spiders were 961, 972 and 720 nm, and the best estimation model of chlorophyll content was SPAD =49.371-46 428.473 R 972.

Spectral Characteristics Comparison of Two Summer Corn Cultivars under Different Fertilization Treatments

This study is aimed to explore the spectrum reflection characteristics of summer corn leaves in different fertilization conditions.Using hyperspectral remote sensing technology,the experiments were conducted in fields to collect the hyperspectral images of Denghai 605( DH605) and Ludan 981( LD981) in different growth period under five fertilization treatments,and then the reflectance of corn ear leaves was extracted by ENVI software. The five fertilization treatments included the control( CK) with no fertilization,40 kg and 30 kg of controlled-release fertilizer per 666. 67 m2 as base( K40 and K30),50 kg and 40 kg of compound fertilizer per 666. 67 m2 as base with 15 kg urea as seed fertilizer( F50 + N and F40 + N). The reflectance spectrums of the two corn cultivars under different fertilization treatments showed the approximately same changing trend with a reflection peak at green band( 550 nm) and a higher reflection platform at near infrared band( 760 nm-1050 nm). At the heading to filling stage,the reflectance of DH605 and LD981 was the highest under the CK,followed by the K30 and F40 + N respectively. At the filling to dough stage,the reflectance of DH605 and LD981 was the highest under the treatment K30 and F40 + N respectively,which was obviously higher than that of the other treatments. In the conditions of compound fertilizer,except the late filling stage,LD981 had little higher reflectance than DH605 at the other stages. In the conditions of controlled-release fertilizer and at dough to mature stage,LD981 had obviously higher reflectance compared to the other stages,and also higher than that of DH605; there was not obvious difference in reflectance LD981 and DH605 at the other stages.

Preparation of high-purity monodisperse silica microspheres by the sol-gel method coupled with polymerization-induced colloid aggregation

Ultra-pure mesoporous silica microspheres with good monodispersity were synthesized in two steps： nanometer-sized silica sol was produced by the sol-gel process, then micrometer-sized silica microspheres were synthesized by polymerization-induced colloid aggregation of the silica sol. The total metal content of the microspheres was extremely low, which eliminated the tailing of chromatographic peaks by chelating reagents. The pore structure of the silica microspheres could be controlled by altering the sol-gel conditions. The silica microsphere particle size could be adjusted by using different polymerizationinduced colloid aggregation conditions.

Numerical Simulations of an Advection Fog Event over Shanghai Pudong International Airport with the WRF Model

A series of numerical simulations is conducted to understand the formation, evolution, and dissipation of an advec- tion fog event over Shanghai Pudong International Airport （ZSPD） with the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model. Using the current operational settings at the Meteorological Center of East China Air Traffic Manage- ment Bureau, the WRF model successfully predicts the fog event at ZSPD. Additional numerical experiments are per- formed to examine the physical processes associated with the fog event. The results indicate that prediction of this particular fog event is sensitive to microphysical schemes for the time of fog dissipation but not for the time of fog onset. The simulated timing of the arrival and dissipation of the fog, as well as the cloud distribution, is substantially sensitive to the planetary boundary layer and radiation （both longwave and shortwave） processes. Moreover, varying forecast lead times also produces different simulation results for the fog event regarding its onset and duration, sug- gesting a trade-off between more accurate initial conditions and a proper forecast lead time that allows model physi- cal processes to spin up adequately during the fog simulation. The overall outcomes from this study imply that the complexity of physical processes and their interactions within the WRF model during fog evolution and dissipation is a key area of future research.

Dynamic modeling of hydrostatic guideway considering compressibility and inertia effect

Hydrostatic guideways are used as an alter- native to contact bearings due to high stiffness and high damping in heavy machine tools. To improve the dynamic characteristic of bearing structure, the dynamic modeling of the hydrostatic guidway should be accurately known. This paper presents a ＂mass-spring-Maxwell＂ model considering the effects of inertia, squeeze, compressibility and static bearing. To determine the dynamic model coefficients, numerical simulation of different cases between displacement and dynamic force of oil film are performed with fluent code. Simulation results show that hydrostatic guidway can be taken as a linear system when it is subjected to a small oscillation amplitude. Based on a dynamic model and numerical simulation, every dynamic model＇s parameters are calculated by the Levenberg- Marquardt algorithm. Identification results show that ＂mass-spring-damper＂ model is the most appropriate dynamic model of the hydrostatic guidway. This paper provides a reference and preparation for the analysis of the dynamic model of the similar hydrostatic bearings.

Effectiveness of intravenous r- tPA versus UK for acute ischaemic stroke: a nationwide prospective Chinese registry study

Background Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(r-tPA)and urokinase(UK)are both recommended for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)in China,but with few comparative outcome data being available.We aimed to compare the outcomes of these two thrombolytic agents for the treatment of patients within 4.5 hours of onset of AIS in routine clinical practice in China.Methods A pre-planned,prospective,nationwide,multicentre,real-world registry of consecutive patients with AIS(age≥18 years)who received r-tPA or UK within 4.5 hours of symptom onset according to local decision-making and guideline recommendations during 2017-2019.The primary effectiveness outcome was the proportion of patients with an excellent functional outcome(defined by modified Rankin scale scores 0 to 1)at 90 days.The key safety endpoint was symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage according to standard definitions.Multivariable logistic regression was used for comparative analysis,with adjustment according to propensity scores to ensure balance in baseline characteristics.Results Overall,4130 patients with AIS were registered but 320 had incomplete or missing data,leaving 3810 with available data for analysis of whom 2666 received r-tPA(median dose 0.88(IQR 0.78-0.90)mg/kg)and 1144 received UK(1.71(1.43-2.00)×104 international unit per kilogram).There were several significant intergroup differences in patient characteristics:r-tPA patients were more educated,had less history of stroke,lower systolic blood pressure,greater neurological impairment and shorter treatment times from symptom onset than UK patients.However,in adjusted analysis,the frequency of excellent outcome(OR 1.18,95%CI 1.00 to 1.40,p=0.052)and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage(OR 0.70,95%CI 0.33 to 1.47,p=0.344)were similar between groups.Conclusions UK may be as effective and carry a similar safety profile as r-tPA in treating mild to moderate AIS within guidelines in China.Registration http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.unique identifier:NCT02854592.

Impact of meteorological conditions on a nine-day particulate matter pollution event observed in December 2013,Shanghai,China

A severe particulate matter pollution event occurred in Shanghai from 1 to 9 December 2013. The mean hourly mass concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were 211.9 and 249.0 μg/m3, respectively. Reanalysis data, in situ, and remote-sensing measurements were used to examine the impacts of meteorological conditions on this event. It was found that the synoptic pattern of weak pressure, the reduced planetary boundary layer height, and the passage of two cold fronts were key factors causing the event. Four stages were identified during this event based on the evolution of its PM2.5 levels and weather conditions. The highest concentration of PM2.5 （602 μg/m3） was observed in stage 3. High PM2.5 concentrations were closely associated with a low local ventilation index, with an average of 505 m2/s, as well as with the influx of pollutants from upstream, transported by the cold fronts.

Size control of monodisperse nonporous silica particles by seed particle growth

Monodisperse nonporous silica particles were prepared by sol-precipitation via seed particle growth method, and the particle size, which varied from 1.0 to 4.7 μm, was strictly controlled in our experiment, The formation of secondary particles, which resulted in a multimodaI distribution of particle size, was suppressed by changing tetraethoxysilane （TEOS） concentration and reaction temperature. Furthermore, the effect of adding small amounts of electrolyte to the hydrolysis mixture was examined.

High-performance enhancement-mode thin-film transistors based on Mg-doped In2O3 nanofiber networks

Although In2O3 nanofibers （NFs） are well-known candidates as active materials for next-generation, low-cost electronics, these NF based devices still suffer from high leakage current, insufficient on-off current ratios （Ion/Ioff）, and large, negative threshold voltages （VTH）, leading to poor device performance, parasitic energy consumption, and rather complicated circuit design. Here, instead of the conventional surface modification of In2O3 NFs, we present a one-step electrospinning process （i.e., without hot-press） to obtain controllable Mg-doped In2O3 NF networks to achieve high-performance enhancement-mode thin-film transistors （TFTs）. By simply adjusting the Mg doping concentration, the device performance can be manipulated precisely. For the optimal doping concentration of 2 mol%, the devices exhibit a small VTH （3.2 V）, high saturation current （1.1 × 10^-4 A）, large on/off current ratio （〉 10^8）, and respectable peak carrier mobility （2.04 cm2/（V.s））, corresponding to one of the best device performances among all 1D metal-oxide NFs based devices reported so far. When high-K HfOx thin films are employed as the gate dielectric, their electron mobility and VTH can be further improved to 5.30 cm^2/（V.s） and 0.9 V, respectivel）, which demonstrates the promising prospect of these Mg-doped In2O3 NF networks for high- performance, large-scale, and low-power electronics.

Primary gliosarcoma with widespread extracranial metastases--spatiotemporal morphological variation

Background:We summarize 5 cases of primary gliosarcoma with widespread extracranial metastases including our case.The glial components are eliminated due to the needs of the living environment in the process of parasitism and survival of brain glioma-sarcoma cells in lung metastasis.Methods:A PubMed search using the keywords"gliosarcoma"and"extracranial metastases"was performed followed by a review of cited literature.Our case was a 50-year-old female presented with headache and dizziness.MRI examination showed that there was a cystic solid tumor in the right temporal lobe.The tumor was removed totally.Seven months after the operation,the patient suffered recurrent intermittent headache.The resection for the recurrent tumor was performed.Postoperative pathology confirmed the recurrent gliosarcoma.A needle biopsy was performed for the nodular on the right lung.The lung tumor pathology suggested a sarcoma structure.Results:There was a female patient in five cases.The age range is 47 to 69 years old.The tumor recurred within a year.A combination of treatment modalities may extend survival;however,the prognosis remains poor.Conclusion:Primary gliosarcoma with extracranial metastases is extremely rare.Some findings uncovered an unexpected spatiotemporal morphological variation in the different foci of the same malignancy.

Weak UV‑Stimulated Synaptic Transistors Based on Precise Tuning of Gallium‑Doped Indium Zinc Oxide Nanofibers

In this work,a light-stimulated artificial synaptic transistor based on one-dimensional nanofibers of gallium-doped indium zinc oxides(IGZO)is demonstrated.The introduction of gallium into the nanofiber lattice can effectively alter the morphology and crystallinity,leading to a wider regulatory range of synaptic plasticity.The fabricated IGZO synaptic transistor with the optimal gallium concentration and low surface defects exhibits a superior photoresponsivity of 4300 A・W^(−1)and excellent photosensitivity,which can detect light signals as weak as 0.03 mW・cm^(−2).In particular,the paired-pulse facilitation index reaches up to 252%with over 2 h of enhanced memory retention exhibiting the long-term potentiation.Furthermore,the simulated image contrast and image recognition accuracy based on the newly designed IGZO synaptic transistors are successfully enhanced.These remarkable behaviors of light-stimulated synapses utilizing low-cost electrospun nanofibers have potential for ultraweak light applications in future artificial systems.