Bacterial infection and osteogenic integration are the two main problems that cause severe complications after surgeries. In this study, the antibacterial and osteogenic properties were simultaneously introduced in bi...Bacterial infection and osteogenic integration are the two main problems that cause severe complications after surgeries. In this study, the antibacterial and osteogenic properties were simultaneously introduced in biomaterials, where copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs) were generated by in situ reductions of Cu ions into a mussel-inspired hyperbranched polyglycerol(MI-h PG) coating via a simple dip-coating method.This hyperbranched polyglycerol with 10 % catechol groups’ modification presents excellent antifouling property, which could effectively reduce bacteria adhesion on the surface. In this work, polycaprolactone(PCL) electrospun fiber membrane was selected as the substrate, which is commonly used in biomedical implants in bone regeneration and cardiovascular stents because of its good biocompatibility and easy post-modification. The as-fabricated Cu NPs-incorporated PCL membrane [PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs]was confirmed with effective antibacterial performance via in vitro antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), Escherichia coli(E. coli), and multi-resistant E. coli. In addition, the in vitro results demonstrated that osteogenic property of PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs was realized by upregulating the osteoblast-related gene expressions and protein activity. This study shows that antibacterial and osteogenic properties can be balanced in a surface coating by introducing Cu NPs.展开更多
Understanding the processes of perovskite crystallization is essential for improving the properties of organic solar cells.In situ real-time grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXD)is a key technique for this task,bu...Understanding the processes of perovskite crystallization is essential for improving the properties of organic solar cells.In situ real-time grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXD)is a key technique for this task,but it produces large amounts of data,frequently exceeding the capabilities of traditional data processing methods.We propose an automated pipeline for the analysis of GIXD images,based on the Faster Region-based Convolutional Network architecture for object detection,modified to conform to the specifics of the scattering data.The model exhibits high accuracy in detecting diffraction features on noisy patterns with various experimental artifacts.We demonstrate our method on real-time tracking of organic-inorganic perovskite structure crystallization and test it on two applications:1.the automated phase identification and unit-cell determination of two coexisting phases of Ruddlesden–Popper 2D perovskites,and 2.the fast tracking of MAPbI_(3)perovskite formation.By design,our approach is equally suitable for other crystalline thin-film materials.展开更多
基金financially supported by SFB 765 and the Focus Area Nanoscale of Freie Universitat Berlinfinancial support from China Scholarship Councilsupported by the DFG and Dr. Pamela Winchester (Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany) for language polishing。
文摘Bacterial infection and osteogenic integration are the two main problems that cause severe complications after surgeries. In this study, the antibacterial and osteogenic properties were simultaneously introduced in biomaterials, where copper nanoparticles(Cu NPs) were generated by in situ reductions of Cu ions into a mussel-inspired hyperbranched polyglycerol(MI-h PG) coating via a simple dip-coating method.This hyperbranched polyglycerol with 10 % catechol groups’ modification presents excellent antifouling property, which could effectively reduce bacteria adhesion on the surface. In this work, polycaprolactone(PCL) electrospun fiber membrane was selected as the substrate, which is commonly used in biomedical implants in bone regeneration and cardiovascular stents because of its good biocompatibility and easy post-modification. The as-fabricated Cu NPs-incorporated PCL membrane [PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs]was confirmed with effective antibacterial performance via in vitro antibacterial tests against Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), Escherichia coli(E. coli), and multi-resistant E. coli. In addition, the in vitro results demonstrated that osteogenic property of PCL-(MI-h PG)-Cu NPs was realized by upregulating the osteoblast-related gene expressions and protein activity. This study shows that antibacterial and osteogenic properties can be balanced in a surface coating by introducing Cu NPs.
基金This research is part of a project funded by the German Federal Ministry for Science and Education(BMBF)We thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG)for financial supportSupported by the German Research Foundation through the Cluster of Excellence“Machine Learning-New Perspectives for Science”.Frank Schreiber is a member of the Machine Learning Cluster of Excellence,funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)under Germany’s Excellence Strategy-EXC number 2064/1-Project number 390727645.
文摘Understanding the processes of perovskite crystallization is essential for improving the properties of organic solar cells.In situ real-time grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXD)is a key technique for this task,but it produces large amounts of data,frequently exceeding the capabilities of traditional data processing methods.We propose an automated pipeline for the analysis of GIXD images,based on the Faster Region-based Convolutional Network architecture for object detection,modified to conform to the specifics of the scattering data.The model exhibits high accuracy in detecting diffraction features on noisy patterns with various experimental artifacts.We demonstrate our method on real-time tracking of organic-inorganic perovskite structure crystallization and test it on two applications:1.the automated phase identification and unit-cell determination of two coexisting phases of Ruddlesden–Popper 2D perovskites,and 2.the fast tracking of MAPbI_(3)perovskite formation.By design,our approach is equally suitable for other crystalline thin-film materials.
