Momentum Profile and Final Correlation Effects of Iso-butane Inner Valence by Binary (e, 2e) Spectroscopy

The binding energy spectra and the momentum distributions of the valence orbitals of iso-butane, also known as methylpropane (CH_(3)CH(CH_(3))CH_(3)), are studied by using a high resolution binary (e, 2e) electron momentum spectrometer, at an impact energy of 1200eV plus the binding energy (8-32eV) with symmetric non-coplanar kinematics. Binding energy spectra of the valence shell are obtained at a coincidence energy resolution of 0.95 eV in full width at halfmaximum. The experimental momentum profiles of the inner valence orbitals are obtained and compared with the theoretical momentum distributions calculated by using Hartree-Fock and density functional theory methods with the basis sets 6-31G and 6-311++G**. The pole strengths of the inner orbitals are estimated and the final correlation effects are discussed.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Valence Orbital Binding Energy Spectra and Momentum Distributions of C_(4)H_(10) Molecule

The C_(4)H_(10) molecule has been studied by high resolution(e,2e)spectrometer at a total energy of 1200eV and using symmetric non-coplanar kinematics.The binding energy spectra ranging up to 32eV are measured at out-of-plane azimuthal angles from 0° to 22° corresponding to target electron momentum from about 0.1 to 1.8 a.u.The binding energy spectra and electron momentum distributions obtained for the valence orbitals are compared with the theoretical result calculated by using restricted Hartree-Fock and density functional theory methods.The agreement between theory and experiment of orbital electron momentum distributions is generally good.

Mössbauer Study of Catalytically Grown Carbon Nanotube

The valence states of iron in iron catalysts,hydrogen reduced catalysts,and catalytically grown carbon nanotubes are determined by Mössbauer spectra,respectively.The results show that the iron exists as Fe,FeO,andα-Fe_(2)O_(3) in hydrogen reduced catalysts,whereas it exists as Fe-C alloy,FeO,and α-Fe_(2)O_(3) in the catalysts encapsulated in carbon nanotube.It is postulated that Fe in hydrogen reduced catalysts plays the main role in the formation of catalytically grown carbon nanotube.

Valence Orbitals of Ethane by Electron Momentum Spectroscopy

The valence electron binding energy spectra and orbital electron momentum distributions of ethane(C2H6)have been measured by high resolution(ΔE=0.9eV,Δp=0.1 a.u.)symmetric non-coplanar electron momentum spectroscopy,at an impact energy of 1200eV+binding energy.The high energy resolution is adequate for us to be observe clearly the separated valence orbitals of C_(2)H_(6).

Valence Shell Ionization Spectra of Propane by (e, 2e) Spectroscopy

The measurements of the valence shell ionisation energy spectra(6-32eV)for propane(C_(3)H_(8))by high resolution(ΔE=0.9eV andΔp=0.1 a.u.)(e,2e)spectrometer at impact energy of 1200eV plus binding energy and symmetric noncoplanar kinematics are reported.The spectrum is consistent with a single particle picture of ionization from each of the seven outer-valence orbitals and the three inner-valence orbitals.The ionization energies are in agreement with published photoelectron spectroscopy data.

The (e, 2e) Spectra of Argon

Accurate measurements of the binding energy spectrum and momentum distribution of argon areperformed using the high resolution(ΔE=1.4 eV,Δp=0.1 a.u.)energy multichannel(e,2e)spectrometer(θ_(1)=θ_(2)=45°,j=0°-±30°)built recently in our laboratory.Detailed satellite structure of argon has been observed.Good agreement can be found between the experimental data and the theoretical calculations performed using Hartree-Fock method with the different basis sets and configuration interaction method.