偃麦草属是小麦近缘种属中应用较为广泛的野生资源之一,作为小麦遗传改良和种质创新的重要基因源,在创制小麦桥梁材料和遗传育种方面发挥了重要作用。小偃麦创制工作始于20世纪20年代,是通过远缘杂交,将偃麦草属植物的染色体或染色体组...偃麦草属是小麦近缘种属中应用较为广泛的野生资源之一,作为小麦遗传改良和种质创新的重要基因源,在创制小麦桥梁材料和遗传育种方面发挥了重要作用。小偃麦创制工作始于20世纪20年代,是通过远缘杂交,将偃麦草属植物的染色体或染色体组遗传成分导入到普通小麦中,培育小偃麦(部分)双二倍体、异附加系、异代换系、易位系和渐渗系。小偃麦(部分)双二倍体主要是八倍体小偃麦(AABBDDXX, 2n=8x=56)和六倍体小偃麦(AABBXX,2n=6x=42),来源于偃麦草的染色体组(XX)多为混合染色体组(异源染色体组)。我国自20世纪50年代开始小麦与偃麦草远缘杂交工作,创制了类型丰富的小偃麦,在小麦抗病研究和新种质创制方面表现突出,在此基础上培育出一系列高产优质的小麦品种。小偃麦创制过程中,中间偃麦草(Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth&D. R. Dewey)和3种长穗偃麦草(Thinopyrum elongatum (Host) D. R.Dewey×ponticum(Podp.) Barkworth&D. R. Dewey)因易于同小麦杂交,具有抗寒、抗旱、耐盐碱、抗小麦多种病虫害等特性,成为创制小偃麦的主要亲本来源,应用范围最广。本研究从5部分综述小偃麦的创制与应用研究进展,旨在为小偃麦的研发利用和小麦遗传资源创新提供科学依据。展开更多
Quorum sensing is one kind of cell-to-cell signalling system among microorganisms that works in response to their population density via autoinducers exemplified by AHL and oligopeptides. In this study, fourteen AHL d...Quorum sensing is one kind of cell-to-cell signalling system among microorganisms that works in response to their population density via autoinducers exemplified by AHL and oligopeptides. In this study, fourteen AHL derivatives were synthesised by a chemical synthesis method, and two types of AHL derivatives were measured and screened by crystal violet staining assay, which have more obvious inhibitory effects on A. ferrooxidans biofilms under arsenic environment. Their structures were verified through IR and NMR identification. The morphological changes of A. ferrooxidans under the influence of the AHL derivatives were compared. In addition, the effects of AHL derivatives(0.1 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL) on membrane formation of A. ferrooxidans under high concentration of arsenic resistance(1,600 mg/L) were explored. Solid experimental data firstly showed that a portion of logarithmic microorganisms were ruptured under the effect of high arsenic concentration. Secondly, the volume of the cell shrank and the number of extracellular polymeric substances decreased after the addition of the AHL derivatives at high concentrations. Therefore, we found here that two derivatives used at concentrations of 0.1 μg/mL and 1 μg/m L accompanied with high concentration of arsenic can both effectively restrict biofilms formation by A. ferrooxidans.展开更多
文摘偃麦草属是小麦近缘种属中应用较为广泛的野生资源之一,作为小麦遗传改良和种质创新的重要基因源,在创制小麦桥梁材料和遗传育种方面发挥了重要作用。小偃麦创制工作始于20世纪20年代,是通过远缘杂交,将偃麦草属植物的染色体或染色体组遗传成分导入到普通小麦中,培育小偃麦(部分)双二倍体、异附加系、异代换系、易位系和渐渗系。小偃麦(部分)双二倍体主要是八倍体小偃麦(AABBDDXX, 2n=8x=56)和六倍体小偃麦(AABBXX,2n=6x=42),来源于偃麦草的染色体组(XX)多为混合染色体组(异源染色体组)。我国自20世纪50年代开始小麦与偃麦草远缘杂交工作,创制了类型丰富的小偃麦,在小麦抗病研究和新种质创制方面表现突出,在此基础上培育出一系列高产优质的小麦品种。小偃麦创制过程中,中间偃麦草(Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth&D. R. Dewey)和3种长穗偃麦草(Thinopyrum elongatum (Host) D. R.Dewey×ponticum(Podp.) Barkworth&D. R. Dewey)因易于同小麦杂交,具有抗寒、抗旱、耐盐碱、抗小麦多种病虫害等特性,成为创制小偃麦的主要亲本来源,应用范围最广。本研究从5部分综述小偃麦的创制与应用研究进展,旨在为小偃麦的研发利用和小麦遗传资源创新提供科学依据。
基金Project(31660026)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(lzujbky-2016-152)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘Quorum sensing is one kind of cell-to-cell signalling system among microorganisms that works in response to their population density via autoinducers exemplified by AHL and oligopeptides. In this study, fourteen AHL derivatives were synthesised by a chemical synthesis method, and two types of AHL derivatives were measured and screened by crystal violet staining assay, which have more obvious inhibitory effects on A. ferrooxidans biofilms under arsenic environment. Their structures were verified through IR and NMR identification. The morphological changes of A. ferrooxidans under the influence of the AHL derivatives were compared. In addition, the effects of AHL derivatives(0.1 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL) on membrane formation of A. ferrooxidans under high concentration of arsenic resistance(1,600 mg/L) were explored. Solid experimental data firstly showed that a portion of logarithmic microorganisms were ruptured under the effect of high arsenic concentration. Secondly, the volume of the cell shrank and the number of extracellular polymeric substances decreased after the addition of the AHL derivatives at high concentrations. Therefore, we found here that two derivatives used at concentrations of 0.1 μg/mL and 1 μg/m L accompanied with high concentration of arsenic can both effectively restrict biofilms formation by A. ferrooxidans.
