帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流...帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流域全域冰川物质平衡呈现不断亏损的状态,为-0.41 m w.e.·a^(-1),在2000—2019年物质平衡亏损更为严重,达到-0.56 m w.e.·a^(-1)。从空间分布上来看,流域东南部和流域西北部是冰川亏损最为严重的区域,流域中部和西部冰川亏损相比较少。温度的升高和降水的轻微减少是冰川物质亏损的主要原因。通过气温和降水的敏感性分析,气温上升1℃,流域71.75%的冰川物质平衡变化在-1000~-500 mm w.e.·a^(-1);降水减少20%,62.81%的冰川物质平衡变化在-450~-300 mm w.e.·a^(-1),相较于降水,冰川对气温变化更为敏感。通过分析国家气象站及再分析数据,发现1980—2019年气象站气温上升均超过1.5℃,波密站2000—2019年总降水相较于前20年,减少了10%,流域降水整体呈现减少的趋势,气温的持续升高和降水的轻微减少导致帕隆藏布流域冰川处于持续亏损之中。展开更多
延时摄影因可靠、高效和低成本的优势,在冰川监测中应用广泛,特别是对于获取冰川表面连续变化信息而言。本文基于2020年3月—2021年9月物候相机拍摄的梅里雪山明永冰川末端照片及多期无人机影像,利用地面摄影测量技术和互相关算法,提取...延时摄影因可靠、高效和低成本的优势,在冰川监测中应用广泛,特别是对于获取冰川表面连续变化信息而言。本文基于2020年3月—2021年9月物候相机拍摄的梅里雪山明永冰川末端照片及多期无人机影像,利用地面摄影测量技术和互相关算法,提取了日尺度冰川表面运动速度。结果表明:通过物候图像获取的冰川表面运动速度分辨率高,从海拔2 880~3 150 m a. s. l.,冰川总位移介于(129.38±7.76)~(669.95±247.88) m,年均表面运动速度达(79.14±4.74)~(412.86±152.75) m·a-1,呈从中间向两侧减缓的空间分布特征。冰川表面运动速度随季节变化,夏季流速[(0.13±0.06)~(1.99±0.37) m·d-1]快于冬季流速[(0.07±0.06)~(1.35±0.37) m·d-1]。与冬季流速相比,夏季流速受降水和气温升高的影响不稳定。根据流速分离结果,明永冰川末端底部全年处于融化或压融状态,底部滑动对冰川表面运动速度的贡献介于76%~93%。冬季底部滑动占表面流速高达82%,夏季底部滑动对冰川运动起绝对主导作用。本文采用的技术为进一步研究季风海洋型冰川的运动机制提供了参考方案。展开更多
Lake ice phenology is considered a sensitive indicator of regional climate change. We utilized time series information of this kind extracted from a series of multi-source remote sensing(RS) datasets including the MOD...Lake ice phenology is considered a sensitive indicator of regional climate change. We utilized time series information of this kind extracted from a series of multi-source remote sensing(RS) datasets including the MOD09 GQ surface reflectance product, Landsat TM/ETM_+ images, and meteorological records to analyze spatiotemporal variations of ice phenology of Qinghai Lake between 2000 and 2016 applying both RS and GIS technology. We also identified the climatic factors that have influenced lake ice phenology over time and draw a number of conclusions. First, data show that freeze-up start(FUS), freeze-up end(FUE), break-up start(BUS), and break-up end(BUE) on Qinghai Lake usually occurred in mid-December, early January, mid-to-late March, and early April, respectively. The average freezing duration(FD, between FUE and BUE), complete freezing duration(CFD, between FUE and BUS), ice coverage duration(ICD, between FUS and BUE), and ablation duration(AD, between BUS and BUE) were 88 days, 77 days, 108 days and 10 days, respectively. Second, while the results of this analysis reveal considerable differences in ice phenology on Qinghai Lake between 2000 and 2016, there has been relatively little variation in FUS times. Data show that FUE dates had also tended to fluctuate over time, initially advancing and then being delayed, while the opposite was the case for BUS dates as these advanced between 2012 and 2016. Overall, there was a shortening trend of Qinghai Lake's FD in two periods, 2000–2005 and 2010–2016, which was shorter than those seen on other lakes within the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau. Third, Qinghai Lake can be characterized by similar spatial patterns in both freeze-up(FU) and break-up(BU) processes, as parts of the surface which freeze earlier also start to melt first, distinctly different from some other lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. A further feature of Qinghai Lake ice phenology is that FU duration(between 18 days and 31 days) is about 10 days longer than BU duration(between 7 days and 20 days). Fourth, data show that negative temperature accumulated during the winter half year(between October and the following April) also plays a dominant role in ice phenology variations of Qinghai Lake. Precipitation and wind speed both also exert direct influences on the formation and melting of lake ice cover and also cannot be neglected.展开更多
文摘帕隆藏布流域位于中国海洋性冰川发育最为集中的藏东南地区,近年来随着全球气候变暖,帕隆藏布流域冰川亏损显著。利用全球开放冰川模型(OGGM)模拟了1980—2019年藏东南地区帕隆藏布流域1554条冰川物质平衡,发现1980—2019年帕隆藏布流域全域冰川物质平衡呈现不断亏损的状态,为-0.41 m w.e.·a^(-1),在2000—2019年物质平衡亏损更为严重,达到-0.56 m w.e.·a^(-1)。从空间分布上来看,流域东南部和流域西北部是冰川亏损最为严重的区域,流域中部和西部冰川亏损相比较少。温度的升高和降水的轻微减少是冰川物质亏损的主要原因。通过气温和降水的敏感性分析,气温上升1℃,流域71.75%的冰川物质平衡变化在-1000~-500 mm w.e.·a^(-1);降水减少20%,62.81%的冰川物质平衡变化在-450~-300 mm w.e.·a^(-1),相较于降水,冰川对气温变化更为敏感。通过分析国家气象站及再分析数据,发现1980—2019年气象站气温上升均超过1.5℃,波密站2000—2019年总降水相较于前20年,减少了10%,流域降水整体呈现减少的趋势,气温的持续升高和降水的轻微减少导致帕隆藏布流域冰川处于持续亏损之中。
文摘延时摄影因可靠、高效和低成本的优势,在冰川监测中应用广泛,特别是对于获取冰川表面连续变化信息而言。本文基于2020年3月—2021年9月物候相机拍摄的梅里雪山明永冰川末端照片及多期无人机影像,利用地面摄影测量技术和互相关算法,提取了日尺度冰川表面运动速度。结果表明:通过物候图像获取的冰川表面运动速度分辨率高,从海拔2 880~3 150 m a. s. l.,冰川总位移介于(129.38±7.76)~(669.95±247.88) m,年均表面运动速度达(79.14±4.74)~(412.86±152.75) m·a-1,呈从中间向两侧减缓的空间分布特征。冰川表面运动速度随季节变化,夏季流速[(0.13±0.06)~(1.99±0.37) m·d-1]快于冬季流速[(0.07±0.06)~(1.35±0.37) m·d-1]。与冬季流速相比,夏季流速受降水和气温升高的影响不稳定。根据流速分离结果,明永冰川末端底部全年处于融化或压融状态,底部滑动对冰川表面运动速度的贡献介于76%~93%。冬季底部滑动占表面流速高达82%,夏季底部滑动对冰川运动起绝对主导作用。本文采用的技术为进一步研究季风海洋型冰川的运动机制提供了参考方案。
基金Opening Foundation Project of the State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences,CAS,SKLCS-OP-2016-10National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41261016,No.41561016Youth Scholar Scientific Capability Promoting Project of Northwest Normal University,No.NWNU-LKQN-14-4
文摘Lake ice phenology is considered a sensitive indicator of regional climate change. We utilized time series information of this kind extracted from a series of multi-source remote sensing(RS) datasets including the MOD09 GQ surface reflectance product, Landsat TM/ETM_+ images, and meteorological records to analyze spatiotemporal variations of ice phenology of Qinghai Lake between 2000 and 2016 applying both RS and GIS technology. We also identified the climatic factors that have influenced lake ice phenology over time and draw a number of conclusions. First, data show that freeze-up start(FUS), freeze-up end(FUE), break-up start(BUS), and break-up end(BUE) on Qinghai Lake usually occurred in mid-December, early January, mid-to-late March, and early April, respectively. The average freezing duration(FD, between FUE and BUE), complete freezing duration(CFD, between FUE and BUS), ice coverage duration(ICD, between FUS and BUE), and ablation duration(AD, between BUS and BUE) were 88 days, 77 days, 108 days and 10 days, respectively. Second, while the results of this analysis reveal considerable differences in ice phenology on Qinghai Lake between 2000 and 2016, there has been relatively little variation in FUS times. Data show that FUE dates had also tended to fluctuate over time, initially advancing and then being delayed, while the opposite was the case for BUS dates as these advanced between 2012 and 2016. Overall, there was a shortening trend of Qinghai Lake's FD in two periods, 2000–2005 and 2010–2016, which was shorter than those seen on other lakes within the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau. Third, Qinghai Lake can be characterized by similar spatial patterns in both freeze-up(FU) and break-up(BU) processes, as parts of the surface which freeze earlier also start to melt first, distinctly different from some other lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. A further feature of Qinghai Lake ice phenology is that FU duration(between 18 days and 31 days) is about 10 days longer than BU duration(between 7 days and 20 days). Fourth, data show that negative temperature accumulated during the winter half year(between October and the following April) also plays a dominant role in ice phenology variations of Qinghai Lake. Precipitation and wind speed both also exert direct influences on the formation and melting of lake ice cover and also cannot be neglected.
