为探究生境片断化对城市残存植被物种丰富度的影响,以经典的岛屿生物地理学理论为基础,选取了青岛市区内崂山余脉的13个丘陵为岛屿,以崂山为大陆,除斑块面积、距离种源远近外,增加斑块隔离度和人为干扰强度2个影响因子,通过CCA分析量化...为探究生境片断化对城市残存植被物种丰富度的影响,以经典的岛屿生物地理学理论为基础,选取了青岛市区内崂山余脉的13个丘陵为岛屿,以崂山为大陆,除斑块面积、距离种源远近外,增加斑块隔离度和人为干扰强度2个影响因子,通过CCA分析量化影响因子与物种组成的关系,以其影响因素的矢量线段长短赋予各影响因子权重,形成岛屿化综合指数(Isolated Island Index,III),探讨其与物种丰富度的关系.结果表明,城市中片断化森林斑块的物种丰富度与岛屿化综合指数的关系随着种类性质的变化而不同.乡土物种丰富度与岛屿化综合指数有显著关系,外来物种无此关系;鸟类传播和风力传播物种的丰富度与岛屿化综合指数有显著关系,重力传播物种无此关系.线性函数是最佳的拟合模型.展开更多
In order to assess the performance of a new cleansing and combustion-improving gasoline additive （MAZ）, and to explore the evaluation methods of additives, two engines with the same model number and performance indi...In order to assess the performance of a new cleansing and combustion-improving gasoline additive （MAZ）, and to explore the evaluation methods of additives, two engines with the same model number and performance indices, fueled with and without the MAZ gasoline additive respectively, are carried through 100 h strenuous tests on a bench. The results obtained in full load characteristic and load characteristics of different operational modes are compared. It indicates that the power, economy and emission of the engine fueled with the MAZ additive all have obvious improvement in comparison with the engine without adding the additive： the power increasing by 16.43%, specific fuel consumption （SFC） decreasing 5.39%, and the emission of CO, HC and NOx falling by 28.61%, 54.38% and 10.1% respectively. Wear and tear of the engine cylinder is weakened, and sediment of combustion chamber inner side is reduced. In addition, no negative effect on the catalytic conversion device is found.展开更多
Passive radar is one of the current research focuses. The implementation of the Chinese standard digital television terrestrial broadcasting （DTTB） creates a new opportunity for passive radar. DTTB system contains s...Passive radar is one of the current research focuses. The implementation of the Chinese standard digital television terrestrial broadcasting （DTTB） creates a new opportunity for passive radar. DTTB system contains single-carrier and multicarrier application modes. In this paper, ambiguity functions of the D＇I-I＇B signals in the single-carrier and multicarrier application modes are analyzed. Ambiguity function of the DTTB signal contains one main peak and many side peaks. The relative positions and amplitudes of the side peaks are derived and the reasons for the occurrence of the side peaks are obtained. The side peaks identification （SPI） algorithm is proposed for avoiding the false alarms caused by the side peaks. Experimental results show that the SPI algorithm can indentify all the side peaks without the power loss. This research provides the foundation for designing the DTTB based passive radar.展开更多
Monte Carlo simulations of the extinction rate of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm were presented. The numerical procedure was based on the multiple scattering and independent scattering. The calculat...Monte Carlo simulations of the extinction rate of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm were presented. The numerical procedure was based on the multiple scattering and independent scattering. The calculated multiple scattering attenuation rate is in good agreement with the measured one,but differs significantly from those obtained under the independent scattering assumption. At the same time,the factors of size parameter,frequency of incident wave,the angle of incident,and sands permittivity and water content have been considered in the attenuation of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm. Numerical results obtained showed that the attenuation rate increases as the fractional volume,frequency of incident wave and sands permittivity increase,and as the angle of incident increases,the attenuation rate decreases.展开更多
文摘为探究生境片断化对城市残存植被物种丰富度的影响,以经典的岛屿生物地理学理论为基础,选取了青岛市区内崂山余脉的13个丘陵为岛屿,以崂山为大陆,除斑块面积、距离种源远近外,增加斑块隔离度和人为干扰强度2个影响因子,通过CCA分析量化影响因子与物种组成的关系,以其影响因素的矢量线段长短赋予各影响因子权重,形成岛屿化综合指数(Isolated Island Index,III),探讨其与物种丰富度的关系.结果表明,城市中片断化森林斑块的物种丰富度与岛屿化综合指数的关系随着种类性质的变化而不同.乡土物种丰富度与岛屿化综合指数有显著关系,外来物种无此关系;鸟类传播和风力传播物种的丰富度与岛屿化综合指数有显著关系,重力传播物种无此关系.线性函数是最佳的拟合模型.
基金This project is supported by Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong, China and Provincial Environmental Protection Science Foundation of Guangdong, China(No.320-D3800).
文摘In order to assess the performance of a new cleansing and combustion-improving gasoline additive （MAZ）, and to explore the evaluation methods of additives, two engines with the same model number and performance indices, fueled with and without the MAZ gasoline additive respectively, are carried through 100 h strenuous tests on a bench. The results obtained in full load characteristic and load characteristics of different operational modes are compared. It indicates that the power, economy and emission of the engine fueled with the MAZ additive all have obvious improvement in comparison with the engine without adding the additive： the power increasing by 16.43%, specific fuel consumption （SFC） decreasing 5.39%, and the emission of CO, HC and NOx falling by 28.61%, 54.38% and 10.1% respectively. Wear and tear of the engine cylinder is weakened, and sediment of combustion chamber inner side is reduced. In addition, no negative effect on the catalytic conversion device is found.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60232010)the Ministerial Foundation of China (Grant No.A2220060039)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 60625104)
文摘Passive radar is one of the current research focuses. The implementation of the Chinese standard digital television terrestrial broadcasting （DTTB） creates a new opportunity for passive radar. DTTB system contains single-carrier and multicarrier application modes. In this paper, ambiguity functions of the D＇I-I＇B signals in the single-carrier and multicarrier application modes are analyzed. Ambiguity function of the DTTB signal contains one main peak and many side peaks. The relative positions and amplitudes of the side peaks are derived and the reasons for the occurrence of the side peaks are obtained. The side peaks identification （SPI） algorithm is proposed for avoiding the false alarms caused by the side peaks. Experimental results show that the SPI algorithm can indentify all the side peaks without the power loss. This research provides the foundation for designing the DTTB based passive radar.
基金the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10532040)
文摘Monte Carlo simulations of the extinction rate of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm were presented. The numerical procedure was based on the multiple scattering and independent scattering. The calculated multiple scattering attenuation rate is in good agreement with the measured one,but differs significantly from those obtained under the independent scattering assumption. At the same time,the factors of size parameter,frequency of incident wave,the angle of incident,and sands permittivity and water content have been considered in the attenuation of electromagnetic wave propagation in the duststorm. Numerical results obtained showed that the attenuation rate increases as the fractional volume,frequency of incident wave and sands permittivity increase,and as the angle of incident increases,the attenuation rate decreases.
