Identification of novel Z/W chromosome-specific markers from the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

The giant freshwater prawn(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)is a commercially cultured species in China.A sex chromosome-specific marker is crucial for sex identification and distinguishing sex chromosomes.Here,based on the results of reduced-representation genome sequencing and genome survey of M.rosenbergii,we identified steady sex-linked markers.Further nucleotide alignment analysis revealed 83.42%nucleotide similarity between the amplified W-and Z-chromosome fragments.qPCR confirmed that Z chromosome-specific fragments were present in males approximately twice as often compared to females.Similarly,the W chromosome-specific fragments were present in super females approximately twice as often compared to females.Our findings elucidate the ZW/ZZ sex determination type and contribute to exploring sex-related or sex-determining genes present on the sex chromosomes of M.rosenbergii.

Blind zone-suppressed hybrid beam steering for solid-state Lidar

We demonstrate a blind zone-suppressed and flash-emitting solid-state Lidar based on lens-assisted beam-steering technology.As a proof-of-concept demonstration,with the design of a subwavelength-gap 1D long-emitter array and multiwavelength flash beam emitting,the device was measured to have 5%blind zone suppression,0.06°/point-deflection step,and 4.2μs scanning speed.In time-of-flight ranging experiments,Lidar systems have a field of view of 11.3°×8.1°(normal device)or 0.9°×8.1°(blind-zone suppressed device),far-field number of resolved points of 192,and a detection distance of 10 m.This work demonstrates the possibility that a new integrated beam-steering technology can be implemented in a Lidar without sacrificing other performance.

Comparative analysis of the morphology,karyotypes and biochemical composition of muscle in Siniperca chuatsi,Siniperca scherzeri and the F1 hybrid(S.chuatsi♀×S.scherzeri♂)

Combining morphological comparison with karyotyping can make a more accurate and comprehensive study of mandarin fish(Siniperca spp.)and hybrid progenies.In recent years,the domestication of hybrid mandarin fish has become a hot spot in China,and it is essential to evaluate the nutritional value of the fish after food conversion.In this study,the F1 hybrid(S.chuatsi♀×S.scherzeri♂)were fed with artificial feed for five months.Afterwards,we studied the morphology,karyotypes,and biochemical composition of muscle in the F1 hybrid and its parents.The morphological results showed that total length and body height of the F1 hybrid appear to derive more from S.chuatsi than S.scherzeri.The DNA ploidy and karyotype results indicated that the F1 hybrid have a diploid chromosome number(2n=48)and the same karyotypes(2n=4sm+14th+30t,NF=52)with its parents,suggesting that the chromosome of the mandarin fish has convergence in the process of evolution.The results of biochemical composition of muscle showed that there were no significant difference in other nutritional indicators(P>0.05),except the Gly(glycine)content of the F1 hybrid was significantly higher than that of S.chuatsi(P<0.05)under the experimental feeding regime,suggesting that the nutritional value of the F1 hybrid with artificial feeding culture is also higher.The study is expected to provide a reference for further research on the domestication,classification,chromosomes,and nutritional requirements of mandarin fish.