In order to investigate the culture characteristics of two indoor intensive Litopenaeus vannamei farming modes, recirculating aquaculture system(RAS) and water exchange system(WES), this study was carried out to analy...In order to investigate the culture characteristics of two indoor intensive Litopenaeus vannamei farming modes, recirculating aquaculture system(RAS) and water exchange system(WES), this study was carried out to analyze the water quality and nitrogen budget including various forms of nitrogen, microorganism and chlorophyll-a. Nitrogen budget was calculated based on feed input, shrimp harvest, water quality and renewal rate, and collection of bottom mud. Input nitrogen retained in shrimp was 23.58% and 19.10% respectively for WES and RAS, and most of nitrogen waste retained in water and bottom mud. In addition, most of nitrogen in the water of WES was TAN(21.32%) and nitrite(15.30%), while in RAS was nitrate(25.97%), which means that more than 76% of ammonia and nitrite were removed. The effect of microalgae in RAS and WES was negligible. However, bacteria played a great role in the culture system considering the highest cultivable cultivable bacterial populations in RAS and WES were 1.03×10^(10) cfu mL^(-1) and 2.92×10~9 cfu mL^(-1), respectively. Meanwhile the proportion of bacteria in nitrogen budget was 29.61% and 24.61% in RAS and WES, respectively. RAS and WES could realize shrimp high stocking culture with water consuming rate of 1.25 m^3 per kg shrimp and 3.89 m^3 per kg shrimp, and power consuming rates of 3.60 kwh per kg shrimp and 2.51 kwh per kg shrimp, respectively. This study revealed the aquatic environment and nitrogen budget of intensive shrimp farming in detail, which provided the scientific basis for improving the industrial shrimp farming.展开更多
Catalase （CAT） and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase （Se-GPx） play a vital role in protecting organisms against various oxidative stresses by eliminating H202, The objective of this paper is to evaluate th...Catalase （CAT） and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase （Se-GPx） play a vital role in protecting organisms against various oxidative stresses by eliminating H202, The objective of this paper is to evaluate the roles of these antioxidant molecules in the ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda in response to low salinity stress. A complementary DNA （cDNA） containing the complete coding sequence of CAT was cloned from the hepatopancreas using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The full-length cDNA of CAT （2 649 bp） contains a 5＇-untranslated region （UTR） of 78 bp, a 3＇- UTR of 1 017 bp, with a poly （A） tail, and an open reading frame of 1 554 bp encoding a 517-amino-acid polypeptide with predicted molecular mass of 58.46 kDa and estimated isoelectric point of 6.64. This CAT sequence contained the proximal active site signature （60FDRERIPERWHAKGAG76）, proximal heme-ligand signature sequence （350RLFSYPDTH358） and three catalytic amino acid residues （His71, Asn144 and Tyr354）. Sequence comparison showed that the CAT deduced amino acid sequence of E. carinicauda shared 68%-92% of identities with those of other species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that CAT mRNA was widely expressed in the hepatopancreas （highest）, hemocyte, eyestalk, heart, gill, muscle, ovary and stomach. Under low salinity stress, CAT and GPx mRNA expression levels both in the gill and hepatopancreas increased significantly at the first 48 h and 6 h respectively, indicating a tissue- and time-dependent antioxidant response in E. carinicauda. All these results indicate that E. carinicauda CAT is a member of the CAT family and might be involved in the acute response against low salinity stress.展开更多
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-47)the Taishan Industrial Leader Talent Project of Shandong Province (No. LJNY 2015002)the Aoshan Innovation Project of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (No. 2015ASKJ02)
文摘In order to investigate the culture characteristics of two indoor intensive Litopenaeus vannamei farming modes, recirculating aquaculture system(RAS) and water exchange system(WES), this study was carried out to analyze the water quality and nitrogen budget including various forms of nitrogen, microorganism and chlorophyll-a. Nitrogen budget was calculated based on feed input, shrimp harvest, water quality and renewal rate, and collection of bottom mud. Input nitrogen retained in shrimp was 23.58% and 19.10% respectively for WES and RAS, and most of nitrogen waste retained in water and bottom mud. In addition, most of nitrogen in the water of WES was TAN(21.32%) and nitrite(15.30%), while in RAS was nitrate(25.97%), which means that more than 76% of ammonia and nitrite were removed. The effect of microalgae in RAS and WES was negligible. However, bacteria played a great role in the culture system considering the highest cultivable cultivable bacterial populations in RAS and WES were 1.03×10^(10) cfu mL^(-1) and 2.92×10~9 cfu mL^(-1), respectively. Meanwhile the proportion of bacteria in nitrogen budget was 29.61% and 24.61% in RAS and WES, respectively. RAS and WES could realize shrimp high stocking culture with water consuming rate of 1.25 m^3 per kg shrimp and 3.89 m^3 per kg shrimp, and power consuming rates of 3.60 kwh per kg shrimp and 2.51 kwh per kg shrimp, respectively. This study revealed the aquatic environment and nitrogen budget of intensive shrimp farming in detail, which provided the scientific basis for improving the industrial shrimp farming.
基金The Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System under contract No.CARS-47the National High-tech R&D Program(863 Program) of China under contract No.2012AA10A409+1 种基金the Special Fund for Independent Innovation of Shandong Province under contract No.2013CX80202the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest under contract No.201103034
文摘Catalase （CAT） and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase （Se-GPx） play a vital role in protecting organisms against various oxidative stresses by eliminating H202, The objective of this paper is to evaluate the roles of these antioxidant molecules in the ridgetail white prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda in response to low salinity stress. A complementary DNA （cDNA） containing the complete coding sequence of CAT was cloned from the hepatopancreas using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The full-length cDNA of CAT （2 649 bp） contains a 5＇-untranslated region （UTR） of 78 bp, a 3＇- UTR of 1 017 bp, with a poly （A） tail, and an open reading frame of 1 554 bp encoding a 517-amino-acid polypeptide with predicted molecular mass of 58.46 kDa and estimated isoelectric point of 6.64. This CAT sequence contained the proximal active site signature （60FDRERIPERWHAKGAG76）, proximal heme-ligand signature sequence （350RLFSYPDTH358） and three catalytic amino acid residues （His71, Asn144 and Tyr354）. Sequence comparison showed that the CAT deduced amino acid sequence of E. carinicauda shared 68%-92% of identities with those of other species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that CAT mRNA was widely expressed in the hepatopancreas （highest）, hemocyte, eyestalk, heart, gill, muscle, ovary and stomach. Under low salinity stress, CAT and GPx mRNA expression levels both in the gill and hepatopancreas increased significantly at the first 48 h and 6 h respectively, indicating a tissue- and time-dependent antioxidant response in E. carinicauda. All these results indicate that E. carinicauda CAT is a member of the CAT family and might be involved in the acute response against low salinity stress.
