通过对巢湖湖泊沉积物的总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、有机碳同位素(δ^(13)Corg)、氮同位素(δ^(15)N)和粒度参数的研究,重建了全新世以来湖泊初级生产力的变化,从而揭示了巢湖地区全新世环境变化历史。早全新世时期(10100—8200 cal a B...通过对巢湖湖泊沉积物的总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、有机碳同位素(δ^(13)Corg)、氮同位素(δ^(15)N)和粒度参数的研究,重建了全新世以来湖泊初级生产力的变化,从而揭示了巢湖地区全新世环境变化历史。早全新世时期(10100—8200 cal a BP),较高的TOC和TN、在波动中逐渐升高的δ^(13)Corg值以及高δ^(15)N值、高黏土(<4μm)含量指示了较高的湖泊初级生产力,反映气候温暖较湿;中全新世时期(8200—4200 cal a BP),TOC、TN、δ^(13)Corg值和黏土(<4μm)含量总体上较高但呈波动降低趋势,粉砂(4—64μm)含量升高,δ^(15)N值总体较低但变化幅度较大,指示初级生产力由较高水平开始逐渐降低,气候由温暖湿润逐渐向凉干方向发展;7300—5800 cal a BP和4300—3800 cal a BP的低δ^(15)N和高TN值可能受到固氮蓝藻的影响,分别对应着7500—7000 cal a BP和4200—4000 cal a BP气候事件时期夏季风强度的减弱;晚全新世前期(4200—2000 cal a BP),TOC、TN、δ^(13)Corg值、黏土(<4μm)含量的低值和较高的δ^(15)N值、高粉砂(4—64μm)含量代表初级生产力继续降低,气候环境进一步向冷干转变。全新世以来湖泊初级生产力的逐渐下降反映了季风的逐步减弱,而逐渐减少的30oN夏季太阳辐射是驱动季风减弱的主要因素。晚全新世后期(2000 cal a BP至今),各环境代用指标的变化表现出不同于全新世环境演化趋势的异常,说明湖泊环境及沉积物受人类活动的影响加剧。展开更多
Polder is a type of irrigation field unique to the lower Yangtze River of China.It is a product of long-term and ingenuous human modifications of wetland landscapes.In the pre-Qin Period,3000 years ago,the poldered ar...Polder is a type of irrigation field unique to the lower Yangtze River of China.It is a product of long-term and ingenuous human modifications of wetland landscapes.In the pre-Qin Period,3000 years ago,the poldered area of eastern Wuhu city was once a large lake called the ancient Danyang wetland.The introduction of agricultural civilization and polder technology to the area during the Wu and Yue Kingdoms period gradually transformed it into an agricultural area.With an accelerating rate of land reclamation under a changing late-Holocene regional climate,the ancient Danyang wetland became an aquatic system strongly influenced by intensifying anthropogenic activities.In this study,based on field survey data,historical documents,and remote-sensing and archaeological data,we reconstructed the spatial distribution of the polder landscape over the last 3000 years and identified their structural diversity.We found that polder landscapes began to emerge in the Spring and Autumn Period,land reclamation intensified in the Three Kingdoms and developed rapidly in the Song Dynasty before eventually reaching the peak from the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The relocation of historical sites to low-altitude areas also marked the expansion of poldered fields from the center of the wetland to the southeast and northwest.The development and evolution of the polder landscape are related to regional climate conditions,changing social and economic statuses,and the development of agricultural technology in the Song Dynasty and succeeding periods.展开更多
Based on archaeological surveys of Neolithic cultural development and GIS spatial analysis,this study reproduced the main characteristics of temporal distribution and settlement selection of the sites from the Neolith...Based on archaeological surveys of Neolithic cultural development and GIS spatial analysis,this study reproduced the main characteristics of temporal distribution and settlement selection of the sites from the Neolithic Age in Anhui and identified a relationship between environmental evolution and human activity.The results show that altitude,slope direction,and slope gradient were consistent among the settlements at different stages of the Neolithic Age in Anhui,and the sites were mostly distributed in hilly and plain areas on southeast-or south-facing slopes of low gradients close to rivers.We determined that early Neolithic Age(9.0–7.0 ka BP) sites were scattered in small numbers and likely had little cultural exchange with communities of other provinces.The environmental characteristics of various regions in Anhui indicated that the climate was warm and humid with extensive water distribution.The sites of the mid Neolithic Age(7.0–5.0 ka BP) increased rapidly with wide distribution.They were mainly distributed in the plain area north of the Huaihe River and the southwestern areas of Anhui.In the mid Neolithic Age,the warm and humid climate gradually dried,and our ancestors slowly developed cultural exchanges.The largest number of sites existed during the late Neolithic Age(5.0–4.0 ka BP),and were distributed throughout the province.During this period,the overall climate was relatively dry,but humans could still obtain water and other resources through migration.The relatively benign climate facilitated cultural interaction and exchange,which increased during this time,and the Wanjiang culture matured.We also determined that as early civilization evolved,cultures in different regions responded differently to environmental changes.In humid subtropical regions,especially in low-lying plains and areas beside lakes,rivers,and coastal areas,the relatively dry climate in the late period of the middle Holocene,prefaced by a period of high humidity,was conducive to the development of human culture.The evidence from the Neolithic settlements in Anhui therefore reflects this subtropical man-land relationship between cultural development and environmental conditions.展开更多
文摘通过对巢湖湖泊沉积物的总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、有机碳同位素(δ^(13)Corg)、氮同位素(δ^(15)N)和粒度参数的研究,重建了全新世以来湖泊初级生产力的变化,从而揭示了巢湖地区全新世环境变化历史。早全新世时期(10100—8200 cal a BP),较高的TOC和TN、在波动中逐渐升高的δ^(13)Corg值以及高δ^(15)N值、高黏土(<4μm)含量指示了较高的湖泊初级生产力,反映气候温暖较湿;中全新世时期(8200—4200 cal a BP),TOC、TN、δ^(13)Corg值和黏土(<4μm)含量总体上较高但呈波动降低趋势,粉砂(4—64μm)含量升高,δ^(15)N值总体较低但变化幅度较大,指示初级生产力由较高水平开始逐渐降低,气候由温暖湿润逐渐向凉干方向发展;7300—5800 cal a BP和4300—3800 cal a BP的低δ^(15)N和高TN值可能受到固氮蓝藻的影响,分别对应着7500—7000 cal a BP和4200—4000 cal a BP气候事件时期夏季风强度的减弱;晚全新世前期(4200—2000 cal a BP),TOC、TN、δ^(13)Corg值、黏土(<4μm)含量的低值和较高的δ^(15)N值、高粉砂(4—64μm)含量代表初级生产力继续降低,气候环境进一步向冷干转变。全新世以来湖泊初级生产力的逐渐下降反映了季风的逐步减弱,而逐渐减少的30oN夏季太阳辐射是驱动季风减弱的主要因素。晚全新世后期(2000 cal a BP至今),各环境代用指标的变化表现出不同于全新世环境演化趋势的异常,说明湖泊环境及沉积物受人类活动的影响加剧。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42271173,No.41771221Key Project of the 14th Five-Year Plan of Anhui,No.2022BFAFZ01365National Key Program of Innovation Training for College Students,No.202310370039,No.202310370049,No.S202310370332。
文摘Polder is a type of irrigation field unique to the lower Yangtze River of China.It is a product of long-term and ingenuous human modifications of wetland landscapes.In the pre-Qin Period,3000 years ago,the poldered area of eastern Wuhu city was once a large lake called the ancient Danyang wetland.The introduction of agricultural civilization and polder technology to the area during the Wu and Yue Kingdoms period gradually transformed it into an agricultural area.With an accelerating rate of land reclamation under a changing late-Holocene regional climate,the ancient Danyang wetland became an aquatic system strongly influenced by intensifying anthropogenic activities.In this study,based on field survey data,historical documents,and remote-sensing and archaeological data,we reconstructed the spatial distribution of the polder landscape over the last 3000 years and identified their structural diversity.We found that polder landscapes began to emerge in the Spring and Autumn Period,land reclamation intensified in the Three Kingdoms and developed rapidly in the Song Dynasty before eventually reaching the peak from the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The relocation of historical sites to low-altitude areas also marked the expansion of poldered fields from the center of the wetland to the southeast and northwest.The development and evolution of the polder landscape are related to regional climate conditions,changing social and economic statuses,and the development of agricultural technology in the Song Dynasty and succeeding periods.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41771221No.41571179+3 种基金Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.SKLLQG1851China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2018M632403National Key Technologies R&D Program,No.2016YFA0600501National Innovation Training Program for College Students,No.201810370207。
文摘Based on archaeological surveys of Neolithic cultural development and GIS spatial analysis,this study reproduced the main characteristics of temporal distribution and settlement selection of the sites from the Neolithic Age in Anhui and identified a relationship between environmental evolution and human activity.The results show that altitude,slope direction,and slope gradient were consistent among the settlements at different stages of the Neolithic Age in Anhui,and the sites were mostly distributed in hilly and plain areas on southeast-or south-facing slopes of low gradients close to rivers.We determined that early Neolithic Age(9.0–7.0 ka BP) sites were scattered in small numbers and likely had little cultural exchange with communities of other provinces.The environmental characteristics of various regions in Anhui indicated that the climate was warm and humid with extensive water distribution.The sites of the mid Neolithic Age(7.0–5.0 ka BP) increased rapidly with wide distribution.They were mainly distributed in the plain area north of the Huaihe River and the southwestern areas of Anhui.In the mid Neolithic Age,the warm and humid climate gradually dried,and our ancestors slowly developed cultural exchanges.The largest number of sites existed during the late Neolithic Age(5.0–4.0 ka BP),and were distributed throughout the province.During this period,the overall climate was relatively dry,but humans could still obtain water and other resources through migration.The relatively benign climate facilitated cultural interaction and exchange,which increased during this time,and the Wanjiang culture matured.We also determined that as early civilization evolved,cultures in different regions responded differently to environmental changes.In humid subtropical regions,especially in low-lying plains and areas beside lakes,rivers,and coastal areas,the relatively dry climate in the late period of the middle Holocene,prefaced by a period of high humidity,was conducive to the development of human culture.The evidence from the Neolithic settlements in Anhui therefore reflects this subtropical man-land relationship between cultural development and environmental conditions.
