Relationship between Waist Circumference, Waist-Height Ratio, Body Fat Percentage, Visceral Fat and Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged and Elderly Zhuang of China

Objective: To understand the correlation between different degrees of obesity and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: 772 cases (300 men and 472 females) of Zhuang over 40 years old were randomly selected. The BMD and T score were calculated by measuring the right heel bone using a quantitative-ultrasound densitometer. Body composition index of body weight, waist circumference (WC), waist height ratio (WtHR), body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral fat (VF) were measured using a bioelectrical impedance method. Results: The BMI, WC, and WtHR of the male osteoporosis group were lower than those of the normal bone mass (NBM) group (P Conclusion: BMI is positively correlated with BMD in Zhuang. BFP has a greater correlation with female BMD, and a small reduction in BFP can result in a significant decrease in BMD. BMD of male was positively correlated with abdominal obesity indicators (WC, WtHR, VF). However, abdominal obesity has no obvious effect on the promotion of BMD in women, and increased WtHR can lead to a decrease in BMD. Zhuang can appropriately increase the amount of fat within the normal weight range. At the same time, reasonable exercise and balanced nutrition to avoid excessive obesity or low body weight can reduce the incidence of osteoporosis and osteoporosis fractures.

Muscle Mass Is Associated with Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults

Background and Aims: The study aims to explore the association between body composition and depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 41 age-matched indi-viduals (aged 11 - 30) as a non-depressive control group. The Department of Psychology at the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Na-tionalities recruited 27 depressive patients within the same age range. Bioelec-trical impedance analysis measured body composition, while SCL-90, SAS, and SDS were employed for depression diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between body composition and de-pression scores. Results: The Depression Group exhibited higher levels of fat mass (p Conclusion: Depression is associated with age, gender, and muscle mass in adolescents and young people. Proper exercise and a healthy diet can increase muscle mass, thereby reducing fat mass and, as a result, reducing the prevalence of depression.

Relationship between Muscle Strength, Muscle Mass and BMD in Postmenopausal Female of Zhuang in Guangxi Province of China

Objective: To explore the correlation between muscle strength, muscle mass and bone mineral density (BMD) in Zhuang female population, body composition analysis and grip strength, and to analyze the possible influencing factors of BMD. Methods: 182 postmenopausal women were selected from Guangxi Province of China. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) was used to evaluate BMD. Grip dynamometer to assess muscle strength. Height, weight and muscle mass of each part were measured by body composition measuring instrument. Body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and limb skeletal muscle mass (SM) were calculated according to the measurement results. Results: BUA, grip strength and SMI in postmenopausal women of Zhuang nationality showed a decreasing trend with age (p p p r = 0.305, p Conclusion: With the increase of age, the decline rate of muscle strength of postmenopausal Zhuang women in Guangxi is slower than that of BMD and muscle mass. SM can better reflect the BMD level of the body than SMI, and the LSM is the main influencing factor of BMD.

KIF15, a key regulator of nasopharyngeal carcinoma development mediated by the P53 pathway

Background:Kinesin family member 15(KIF15)is a protein that regulates cell mitosis and plays an important role in the development and progression of several types of human cancers.However,the role of KIF15 in the development of nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC)is still unclear.Methods:The differential expression of KIF15 in NPC and para-carcinoma tissues was evaluated based on data collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and immunohistochemical analysis of clinical specimens collected from a patient cohort.Cell lines 5-8F and CNE-2Z were selected for the construction of KIF15‑knockdown cell models.CCK8 assay,flow cytometry,wound healing,Transwell and clone formation assays were used to detect the proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion and colony formation of NPC cells in vitro.A mouse xenograft model and the tail intravenous mouse distant transfer model were constructed for in vivo study.Furthermore,the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of KIF15 were explored through western blot analysis,and several in vitro and in vivo functional assays were performed to explore its role in NPC.Results:The results revealed significantly higher expression of KIF15 in NPC tissues compared to para-carcinoma tissues.High levels of KIF15 expression were also associated with short overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS).Knockdown of the KIF15 gene led to a cell cycle arrest in the growth 2(G2)phase,inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,invasion,colony formation,and enhanced cell apoptosis.The in vivo murine xenograft experiments showed that down-regulation of the KIF15 gene could inhibit tumor growth and reduce the risk of liver and lung metastasis in NPC.Moreover,the evaluation of the molecular pathway showed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase/P53 pathways might be involved in the KIF15-induced regulation of NPC.Rescue assays indicated that Pifithrin-αcould counteract the pro-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects mediated by KIF15.Conclusion:This work indicated that KIF15 overexpression accelerated the progression of NPC and promoted the development of distant metastases.Therefore,KIF15 may have an important role as a prognostic indicator and a potential drug target for the treatment of NPC.

Cytochrome b5 reductase 2 suppresses tumor formation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by attenuating angiogenesis

Background:Cytochrome b5 reductase 2(CYB5R2) is a potential tumor suppressor that inhibits cell proliferation and motility in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Inactivation of CYB5R2 is associated with lymph node metastasis in NPC.This study aimed to explore the mechanisms contributing to the anti-neoplastic effects of CYB5R2.Methods:Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assays were used to analyze the transcription of 84 genes known to be involved in representative cancer pathways in the NPC cell line HONE1.NPC cell lines CNE2 and HONE1 were transiently transfected with CYB5R2,and data was validated by real-time PCR.A chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)embryo model was implanted with CYB5R2-expressing CNE2 and HONE1 cells to evaluate the effect of CYB5R2 on angiogenesis.An immunohistochemical assay of the CAM model was used to analyze the protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).Results:In CYB5R2-transfected NPC cells,PCR assays revealed up-regulated mRNA levels of Fas cell surface death receptor(FAS),FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog(FOS),phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1(PIK3R1),integrin beta 3(ITGB3),metastasis suppressor 1(MTSSl),interferon beta 1(IFNB1),and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A(CDKN2A) and down-regulated levels of integrin beta 5(ITGB5),insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1),TEK tyrosine kinase(TEK),transforming growth factor beta receptor 1(TGFBRl),and VEGF.The angiogenesis in the CAM model implanted with CYB5R2-transfected NPC cells was inhibited.Down-regulation of VEGF by CYB5R2 in NPC cells was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining in the CAM model.Conclusion:CYB5R2 up-regulates the expression of genes that negatively modulate angiogenesis in NPC cells and down-regulates the expression of VEGF to reduce angiogenesis,thereby suppressing tumor formation.

Transcriptome-wide association analysis identified candidate susceptibility genes for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Dear Editor,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a common malignancy in East and Southeast Asia,especially in South China.The etiology of NPC has been linked to genetic susceptibility,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection,and environmental factors.Accumulated evidence including multiple genome-wide association studies(GWASs)has revealed robust genetic predisposition of NPC.However,GWAS-identified genetic variants collectively account for only 8.2%of NPC heritability[1].The underlying inherited predisposition is largely undetermined.The strongest genetic signal for NPC consistently hits the human leukocyte antigen(HLA)region on 6p21[2].However,the highly polymorphic nature and complicated long-range linkage disequilibrium(LD)in the HLA region particularly obscure the causal variants driving the association.In addition,most genetic variants located in introns or intergenic regions.The causal genes mediating genetic effects on NPC risk have rarely been ascertained by GWAS alone.