基于风险的检验(Risk Based Inspection,RBI)技术是一种可以将风险控制在企业可接受范围内并能合理配置检验资源的新型检验技术。相比于传统的检测技术,基于风险的检验(RBI)技术能够有针对性地分析识别各个设备的风险等级并制定出相应...基于风险的检验(Risk Based Inspection,RBI)技术是一种可以将风险控制在企业可接受范围内并能合理配置检验资源的新型检验技术。相比于传统的检测技术,基于风险的检验(RBI)技术能够有针对性地分析识别各个设备的风险等级并制定出相应的方案,既能保证系统设备的安全性,又能减少企业的风险控制成本。介绍了RBI技术的由来、内容及原理,总结分析了定性分析法、半定量分析法和定量分析法等RBI分析方法的研究现状与进展。分析讨论了定性分析法、半定量分析法和定量分析法这3种RBI分析方法的优缺点,提出了RBI技术目前应用于油气集输管网所存在的实际问题,对RBI技术在油气管道上的应用进行了展望。展开更多
目的了解2018年河南省一起伤寒疫情的病原特征及其分子分型特征。方法对伤寒疫情中所分离的26株菌株进行生化鉴定,并开展药物敏感试验(antimicrobial susceptibility testing,AST)及脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PF...目的了解2018年河南省一起伤寒疫情的病原特征及其分子分型特征。方法对伤寒疫情中所分离的26株菌株进行生化鉴定,并开展药物敏感试验(antimicrobial susceptibility testing,AST)及脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分型。结果26株分离株均为伤寒沙门菌,血清抗原式为9,12:d:-。药敏结果显示,26株菌株除了磺胺异噁唑的耐药率为3.85%、链霉素的耐药率为7.69%外,对其他有抗生素都敏感。PFGE结果显示,分离的26株伤寒沙门菌经XbaI酶切后为同一种带型,菌株来源病例具有高度聚集性。结论本次暴发疫情是由同一遗传克隆的伤寒沙门菌传播而导致。展开更多
Electrochemical experiments,slow strain rate tensile testing(SSRT),and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the effect of various applied potentials on the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)of X80 pipelin...Electrochemical experiments,slow strain rate tensile testing(SSRT),and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the effect of various applied potentials on the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)of X80 pipeline steel in acidic soil containing sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB).The results demonstrated that when the anodic potential was applied,X80 steel exhibited sensitivity to SCC,which was attributed to anodic dissolution.The SCC sensitivity initially decreased,but then increased with a negative shift in the applied potential.At-1200 mV,SCC was the most sensitive,which corresponded to the substantial cathodic polarisation and toxic impact of SRB,which increased the risk of hydrogen embrittlement.At-850 mV,the SCC sensitivity was the lowest because cathodic polarisation suppressed anodic dissolution.The experimental results can contribute to the prevention and management of SCC in operational pipelines.展开更多
文摘基于风险的检验(Risk Based Inspection,RBI)技术是一种可以将风险控制在企业可接受范围内并能合理配置检验资源的新型检验技术。相比于传统的检测技术,基于风险的检验(RBI)技术能够有针对性地分析识别各个设备的风险等级并制定出相应的方案,既能保证系统设备的安全性,又能减少企业的风险控制成本。介绍了RBI技术的由来、内容及原理,总结分析了定性分析法、半定量分析法和定量分析法等RBI分析方法的研究现状与进展。分析讨论了定性分析法、半定量分析法和定量分析法这3种RBI分析方法的优缺点,提出了RBI技术目前应用于油气集输管网所存在的实际问题,对RBI技术在油气管道上的应用进行了展望。
文摘目的了解2018年河南省一起伤寒疫情的病原特征及其分子分型特征。方法对伤寒疫情中所分离的26株菌株进行生化鉴定,并开展药物敏感试验(antimicrobial susceptibility testing,AST)及脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分型。结果26株分离株均为伤寒沙门菌,血清抗原式为9,12:d:-。药敏结果显示,26株菌株除了磺胺异噁唑的耐药率为3.85%、链霉素的耐药率为7.69%外,对其他有抗生素都敏感。PFGE结果显示,分离的26株伤寒沙门菌经XbaI酶切后为同一种带型,菌株来源病例具有高度聚集性。结论本次暴发疫情是由同一遗传克隆的伤寒沙门菌传播而导致。
基金the Joint Fund of Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2020-HYLH-14)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-MS-362)。
文摘Electrochemical experiments,slow strain rate tensile testing(SSRT),and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the effect of various applied potentials on the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)of X80 pipeline steel in acidic soil containing sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB).The results demonstrated that when the anodic potential was applied,X80 steel exhibited sensitivity to SCC,which was attributed to anodic dissolution.The SCC sensitivity initially decreased,but then increased with a negative shift in the applied potential.At-1200 mV,SCC was the most sensitive,which corresponded to the substantial cathodic polarisation and toxic impact of SRB,which increased the risk of hydrogen embrittlement.At-850 mV,the SCC sensitivity was the lowest because cathodic polarisation suppressed anodic dissolution.The experimental results can contribute to the prevention and management of SCC in operational pipelines.
