PRR11和MMP9在胶质瘤中的表达及与临床预后的关系

目的探讨富含脯氨酸蛋白11(PRR11)和基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)在胶质瘤组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法收集2017—2019年行手术切除且经病理确诊的100例胶质瘤患者的临床资料,并获取其胶质瘤组织(胶质瘤组,n=100)及瘤旁脑组织(正常组,n=100)。采用免疫组织化学的方法检测2组PRR11、MMP9的表达,采用Spearman法分析PRR11与MMP9表达的相关性,Kaplan-Meier分析总生存率,Cox比例风险回归模型分析患者生存预后的影响因素。结果胶质瘤组PRR11和MMP9的阳性表达率均高于正常组(χ^(2)=47.77、χ^(2)=82.42,P<0.01);Spearman相关分析显示PRR11表达水平与MMP9表达水平呈正相关(r=0.71,P<0.01)。PRR11和MMP9的阳性表达均与肿瘤直径、肿瘤细胞增殖指数、肿瘤组织学分级和p53的突变有关(P<0.01)。PRR11、MMP9阳性表达者3年总生存率均低于阴性表达者(32.1%比61.7%、35.3%比59.4%,P<0.01),且PRR11与MMP9均呈阳性表达者的3年总生存率更低(28.0%比65.5%,P<0.01)。单因素Cox风险回归分析显示肿瘤组织学分级、细胞增殖指数、p53突变、MMP9表达和PRR11表达与胶质瘤患者预后有关(P<0.05),多因素Cox风险回归分析显示肿瘤组织学分级是影响胶质瘤患者预后的独立危险因素(HR=30.03,P<0.01)。结论PRR11和MMP9在胶质瘤组织中高表达且呈正相关,它们共同促进胶质瘤的临床进展。联合检测PRR11和MMP9可更好地评估患者的预后。

浙江省1901—2017年降水序列构建及变化特征分析

基于通过均一性检验的历史观测资料和GPCC格点降水数据,采用逐步回归方法,构建了可以代表浙江省的1901—2017年年降水序列,并通过Morlet小波分析、MK检验、气候趋势等分析了浙江百年降水变化特征。结果表明:浙江68个台站1951—2017年月降水序列数据质量较好,均通过RHtest均一性检验。交叉检验表明,采用逐步回归方法区别台站资料长度建立的最优拟合方程组,能很好地反演浙江68个台站1901—2013年年降水情况。1901—2017年浙江省年降水量无明显线性变化趋势,但存在56 a和35 a两个变化主周期,在1960年前后全省降水由多雨期向少雨期突变。1901—2017年浙江降水气候倾向率呈东北高西南低的分布特征,各地数值分布在-15.6～19.1 mm/10a之间;平均相对变率呈北低南高的分布特征,各地数值分布在11.1%～20.2%之间。

Characteristics of Rainfall Erosivity Based on Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Data in Tibet, China

Rainfall erosivity in Tibet from 2000 to 2OlO was estimated based on simplified erosion prediction model using daily rainfall data derived from the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Misssion （TRMM） 3B42 rainfall measurement algorithm. Semi- monthly erosive rainfall and rainfall erosivity were validated using weather station data. The spatial distribution of annual rainfall erosivity as well as its seasonal and annual variation in Tibet was also examined. Results showed that TRMM 3B42 data could serve as an alternative data source to estimate rainfall erosivity in the area where only data from sparsely distributed weather stations are available. The spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity in Tibet generally resembles the distribution of multi-year average of annual rainfall. Annual rainfall erosivity in Tibet decreased from the southeast to the northwest. The concentration degree of rainfall erosivity shows an increasing trend from the southeast to the northwest. High rainfall erosivity accompanies low rainfall erosivity concentration degree and vice versa. Rainfall erosivity increased in the middle and western Tibet and decreased in the southeastern Tibet during the 11 years of this study.

212例鼻骨发育异常胎儿的产前诊断结果分析

目的分析胎儿鼻骨缺失、鼻骨发育不良及合并发育异常产前诊断结果并探讨其临床意义。方法2015年10月至2019年10月间,采集空军军医大学西京医院妇产科212例超声提示鼻骨发育异常胎儿的羊水细胞进行G显带核型分析和染色体微阵列(CMA)检测。结果212例鼻骨发育异常胎儿样本中检测核型异常35例,异常检出率为16.51%,其中,13-三体/单体嵌合1例、21-三体29例、18-三体1例、XXX 1例、XXY 1例、del 1例、idic 1例;除染色体核型检出的非整倍体和结构异常情况外,CMA还检出4例染色体微缺失或染色体微重复,其中1例为致病性,3例为临床意义不明性CNV。按异常发育指征分组,单纯鼻骨缺失组80例,检测出异常核型12例,异常检出率为15.00%,其中21三体11例、XXY 1例;单纯鼻骨发育不良组55例,检测出异常核型5例,异常检出率为9.09%,其中21-三体4例、del 1例;合并组(合并其他超声软指标阳性或结构异常)77例,检测出异常结果19例,异常检出率为24.68%,其中13-三体/单体嵌合1例、18-三体1例、21-三体14例、XXX 1例、idic 1例,致病性拷贝数变异1例。异常结果中,大于35岁孕妇12例,占异常核型的34.3%。结论胎儿鼻骨异常发育与染色体异常有明确的相关性;单纯鼻骨缺失相比单纯鼻骨发育不良染色体异常发生率高;鼻骨发育异常合并其他超声软指标阳性时,其核型异常率明显增高;同时进行CMA的检测可提高异常结果的检出率。提示当超声发现胎儿鼻骨发育异常时,建议应进行产前诊断,染色体核型分析结合CMA检测有助于提高异常检出率及结果的准确性。

四例非综合征型白化病家系的产前基因检测

目的探讨非综合征型白化病产前基因诊断的临床价值和意义。方法本研究应用Sanger测序法分别对四个非综合征型白化病家系进行常见致病基因检测。结果家系1患者在OCA2基因发现致病突变位点c.1441A>G和c.727C>T,胎儿与患者检测结果一致。家系2患者在SLC45A2基因存在c.478G>C纯合突变,胎儿发现该位点杂合突变,为携带者。家系3患者在TYR基因存在致病突变位点c.655G>A和c.929ins C,胎儿发现c.655G>A杂合突变,为携带者。家系4患者在TYR基因上存在突变位点c.346C>T和c.929ins C,但胎儿在TYR基因上未见异常。结论明确患者的致病基因可明显缩短胎儿产前基因诊断的时间,为白化病家庭提供积极且准确的优生指导。

Berberine ameliorates renal injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by suppression of both oxidative stress and aldose reductase

Background Berberine is one of the main constituents of Coptidis rhizoma （CR） and Cortex phellodendri. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effects of berberine on renal function and its possible mechanisms in rats with diabetic nephropathy （DN）. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups： normal, diabetic model, and berberine treatment groups. Rats in the diabetic model and berberine treatment groups were induced to diabetes by intraperitonal injection with streptozotocin （STZ）. Glomerular area, glomerular volume, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, serum creatinine （Cr） and urine protein for 24 hours （UP24h） were measured using commercially available kits. Meanwhile, the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum, activity of aldose reductase （AR） and the expression of AR mRNA and protein in kidney were detected by different methods. Results The results showed that oral administration of berberine （200 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） significantly ameliorated the ratio of kidney weight to body weight. Glomerular area, glomerular volume, FBG, BUN, Cr and UP24h were significantly decreased in the berberine treatment group compared with the diabetic model group （P〈0.05）. Berberine treatment significantly increased serum SOD activity and decreased the content of MDA compared with diabetic model group （P 〈0.05）. AR activity as well as the expression of AR mRNA and protein in the kidney was markedly decreased in the berberine treatment group compared with diabetic model group （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion These results suggested that berberine could ameliorate renal dysfunction in DN rats through controlling blood glucose, reduction of oxidative stress and inhibition of the activation of the polyol pathway.

Emodin inhibits dietary induced atherosclerosis by antioxidation and regulation of the sphingomyelin pathway in rabbits

Emodin is an important component of rhubarb, a traditional Chinese herb. Previous studies in vitro showed that emodin inhibited the proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells, indicating the possible inhibitive effect of emodin on atherosclerosis. The present research evaluated the effect of emodin on the formation of atherosclerotic lesion induced by high cholesterol and fat diet in rabbits and the mechanism of this effect.