新乡市2017—2021年骨与关节结核的临床表现分析

目的 总结新乡市2017—2021年骨与关节结核的临床表现特点,以期为骨与关节结核的防治策略提供科学依据。方法 收集2017—2021年新乡市6家医院的292例骨与关节结核住院患者作为研究对象。统计患者发病、年龄、性别、职业、居住地、病灶部位、合并其他部位结核、合并症等方面情况。结果 292例骨与关节结核患者中男178例(60.96%),女114例(39.04%)。255例(87.32%)患者因疼痛、功能障碍就诊,62例(21.23%)患者出现体温升高,其中39℃以上33例。发病时间为4 d~13 a。发病年龄1.5~92(51.15±20.46)岁,61岁以上患者最多,有113例(38.70%)。患者中农民最多,有212例(72.60%)。245例(83.91%)患者居住在8个县市,发病率为0.54/万;47例(16.09%)患者居住在4个市区,发病率为0.39/万。脊柱结核患者最多,有206例(70.55%),其次为髋、膝关节等关节结核,有63例(21.58%)。骨与关节结核合并肺结核有84例(28.77%),骨与关节结核合并其他部位结核有69例(23.63%)。骨与关节结核患者中,合并糖尿病24例。结论 近5 a新乡市骨与关节结核中脊柱结核发病率最高。半数以上骨与关节结核患者合并肺或其他部位结核。骨与关节结核起病隐匿,无特异性症状,少数患者出现高热,早期容易被误诊。

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss Law and Emission Reduction Effects Under Water and Fertilizer Management Integrated Mode in Dike Paddy Field

To achieve the purpose of reducing farm non-point source pollution, we integrated site specific nitrogen management precise irrigation, controlled drainage, and wetland eco-repair system in dike area of Taihu basin. During investigation, it had given prominence for the water and fertilizer coupling effects of precise irrigation and site specific nutrient management, the characteristics of integration on controlled irrigation, controlled drainage and wetland ecosystem non-point source pollution control. Then the water and fertilizer integrated management mode of paddy field was put forward in Taihu basin where the water production efficiency increased to 1.64 kg. m-3, water saved 37.8%, fertilizer use efficiency raised 15,4%, yield raised 10%, and N, P load decreased 26%-72%. The modern agricultural and farmland ecosystems that control and cut down the farm non-point source pollution came into being, which can be a reference by Taihu basin to control its agricultural non-point source pollution and eutrophicated water body.