Satellites have provided high-resolution(<100 m)water color(i.e.,remote sensing reflectance)and thermal emission imagery of aquatic environments since the early 1980s;however,global operational water quality produc...Satellites have provided high-resolution(<100 m)water color(i.e.,remote sensing reflectance)and thermal emission imagery of aquatic environments since the early 1980s;however,global operational water quality products based on these data are not readily available(e.g.,temperature,chlorophyll-a,turbidity,and suspended particle matter).Currently,because of the postprocessing required,only users with expressive experience can exploit these data,limiting their utility.Here,we provide paths(recipes)for the nonspecialist to access and derive water quality products,along with examples of applications,from sensors on board Landsat-5,Landsat-7,Landsat-8,Landsat-9,Sentinel-2A,and Sentinel-2B.We emphasize that the only assured metric for success in product derivation and the assigning of uncertainties to them is via validation with in situ data.We hope that this contribution will motivate nonspecialists to use publicly available high-resolution satellite data to study new processes and monitor a variety of novel environments that have received little attention to date.展开更多
基金NASA for Future Investigators in NASA Earth and Space Science and Technology(FINESST)funding for P.G.(80NSSC19K1366)and G.B.(80NSSC20K1641)funding for K.M.S.to conduct the Svalbard fieldwork(NNX10AG22G)+3 种基金National Sea Grant NOAA Award NA18OAR4170330 for providing E.B.,T.K.D.C.B.support for aquaculture applications of high-resolution remote sensing productsAdditional support for T.K.and D.C.B.came from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture(project number ME0-830-31000-004-00D)the China Scholarship Council(no.CSC201906260052).
文摘Satellites have provided high-resolution(<100 m)water color(i.e.,remote sensing reflectance)and thermal emission imagery of aquatic environments since the early 1980s;however,global operational water quality products based on these data are not readily available(e.g.,temperature,chlorophyll-a,turbidity,and suspended particle matter).Currently,because of the postprocessing required,only users with expressive experience can exploit these data,limiting their utility.Here,we provide paths(recipes)for the nonspecialist to access and derive water quality products,along with examples of applications,from sensors on board Landsat-5,Landsat-7,Landsat-8,Landsat-9,Sentinel-2A,and Sentinel-2B.We emphasize that the only assured metric for success in product derivation and the assigning of uncertainties to them is via validation with in situ data.We hope that this contribution will motivate nonspecialists to use publicly available high-resolution satellite data to study new processes and monitor a variety of novel environments that have received little attention to date.
