Objectives To validate the reliability of the Chinese version of the Consultation and Relational Empathy(CARE)in physician-standardized patient(SP)encounter.We also tried to examine the agreement between video-based r...Objectives To validate the reliability of the Chinese version of the Consultation and Relational Empathy(CARE)in physician-standardized patient(SP)encounter.We also tried to examine the agreement between video-based ratings and in-room ratings,as well as the agreement between the faculty ratings and SP ratings.Methods The CARE was translated into Chinese.Forty-eight anesthesia residents were recruited to make preoperative interview in SP-counter.Performance of each resident was graded by in-room raters,video raters and SP raters.Consistency between different raters was examined.Results The Chinese-CARE measure demonstrated high scale reliability with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.95 and high consistency in the in-room ratings in intraclass correlation(coefficient=0.888,P<0.001).Despite a good consistency in intraclass correlation,video ratings were significantly higher than in-room ratings(39.6±7.1 vs.24.0±10.0,P<0.001),and Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that the pass/fail rate was significantly higher based on video ratings than based on in-room ratings(45/48 vs.22/48,P<0.001).SP ratings had a moderate consistency with in-room faculty ratings(coefficient=0..568,P<0.001),and there was no significant difference between the pass/fail rates based on the in-room ratings and SP ratings(22/48vs.28/48,P=0.12).Conclusions The Chinese-CARE measure is reliable in the assessment of empathy during preoperative anesthesia interview.In-room and video ratings are not equivalent,while SP may provide a feasible alternative for the faculty rater in the assessment of communication skills with an appropriate measure.展开更多
Objective Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-αfactor(LITAF)protein is a newly discovered inflammatory protein.This study aims to study the role of LITAF in the formation of atherosclerosis.Methods A tot...Objective Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-αfactor(LITAF)protein is a newly discovered inflammatory protein.This study aims to study the role of LITAF in the formation of atherosclerosis.Methods A total of 10 C57BL/6J mice and 10 C57BL/6J mice with knockout of LITAF gene(C57BL/6J–LITAF–)were divided into two groups:the control group and the LITAF^(−/−)group.The animals were accommodated for 16 weeks and then euthanized with their hearts and aortas isolated thereafter.Next,the roots of the mouse aorta were cryosectioned and stained with Oil Red O staining and immunohistochemical staining(CD68,α-SMA,and Masson),respectively.The area of Oil Red O staining and the proportion of positive expression after immunohistochemical staining were then compared between the control and LITAF^(−/−)groups.At the same time,the blood of mice was collected for the extraction of proteins and RNA.The proteins and RNA were used to detect the expression of major molecules of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway in mice in the control group and the LITAF^(−/−)group by Western blotting and RT-PCR.Results Oil Red O staining of the aortic root sections of the mice in each group revealed that the area of atherosclerotic plaques in the LITAF^(−/−)group was substantially lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,immunohistochemical staining determined that the expression level ofα-SMA and CD68 in the LITAF^(−/−)group was significantly lower than that in the control group,whereas the results were reversed following Masson staining(P<0.05).The expression levels of P65 and caspase 3 were significantly lower in the LITAF^(−/−)group than in the control group(P<0.05),whereas the expression level of IκB was higher in the LITAF^(−/−)group.Conclusion LITAF might participate in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque through the NF-κB pathway and play a promoting role in the formation of atherosclerosis.展开更多
In recent years, people have become increasingly attentive to light pollution influences on their eyes. In the visible spectrum, short-wave blue light with wavelength between 415 nm and 455 nm is closely related to ey...In recent years, people have become increasingly attentive to light pollution influences on their eyes. In the visible spectrum, short-wave blue light with wavelength between 415 nm and 455 nm is closely related to eye light damage. This high energy blue light passes through the cornea and lens to the retina causing diseases such as dry eye, cataract, age-related macular degeneration, even stimulating the brain, inhibiting melatonin secretion, and enhancing adrenocortical hormone production, which will destroy the hormonal balance and directly affect sleep quality. Therefore, the effect of Blu-rays on ocular is becoming an important concern for the future. We describe blue light’s effects on eye tissues, summarize the research on eye injury and its physical prevention and medical treatment.展开更多
Objective To determine whether the myotoxic side effects of statin simvastatin affect skeletal muscle's sensitivity to caffeine and halothane. Methods Primary cultured neonate rat skeletal myotubes were treated wi...Objective To determine whether the myotoxic side effects of statin simvastatin affect skeletal muscle's sensitivity to caffeine and halothane. Methods Primary cultured neonate rat skeletal myotubes were treated with 0.01-5.0 μmol/L simvastatin for 48 hours. MTT was used to evaluate cellular viability. The gross morphology and microstructure of the myotubes were observed with a light and electron microscope, respectively. The intracellular calcium concentrations([Ca^(2+)]i) at rest and in response to caffeine and halothane were investigated by fluorescence calcium imaging. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance(ANOVA) test. Results Simvastatin(0.01-5.0 μmol/L) decreased myotube viability, changed their morphological features and microstructure, and increased the resting [Ca^(2+)]i in a dose-dependent manner. Simvastatin did not change myotube's sensitivity to low doses of caffeine(0.625-2.5 mmol/L) or halothane(1.0-5.0 mmol/L). In response to high-dose caffeine(10.0 mmol/L, 20.0 mmol/L) and halothane(20.0 mmol/L, 40.0 mmol/L), myotubes treated with 0.01 μmol/L simvastatin showed a significant increase in sensitivity, but those treated with 1.0 μmol/L and 5.0 μmol/L simvastatin showed a significant decrease. The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca^(2+) storage peaked in the myotubes treated with 0.01 μmol/L simvastatin, but it decreased when cells were treated with higher doses of simvastatin(0.1-5.0 μmol/L).Conclusions The myotoxic side effect of simvastatin was found to change the sensitivity of myotubes in response to high-dose caffeine and halothane. When dose was low, sensitivity increased mainly because of increased Ca^(2+) content in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which might explain why some individuals with statin-induced myotoxic symptoms may show positive caffeine-halothane contracture test results. However, when the dose was high and the damage to the myotubes was severer, sensitivity was lower. It is here supposed that the damage itself might put individuals with statin-induced myotoxic symptoms at greater risks of presenting with rhabdomyolysis during surgery or while under anesthesia.展开更多
I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2022,which stands out from the 24 review papers published by Building Simulation from 2018(Volume 11)to 2022(Volume 15):Yuejing ...I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2022,which stands out from the 24 review papers published by Building Simulation from 2018(Volume 11)to 2022(Volume 15):Yuejing Zhao&Bin Zhao."Emissions of air pollutants from Chinese cooking:A literature review."Building Simulation,2018,11(5):977-995.展开更多
I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2021,which stands out from the review papers published by Building Simulation from 2017(Volume 10)to 2021(Volume 14):Bing Dong,D...I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2021,which stands out from the review papers published by Building Simulation from 2017(Volume 10)to 2021(Volume 14):Bing Dong,Da Yan,Zhaoxuan Li,Yuan Jin,Xiaohang Feng,Hannah Fontenot."Modeling occupancy and behavior for better building design and operation-A critical review"Building Simulation,2018,11(5):899-921.展开更多
To achieve required indoor air quality,fresh air supply in buildings should meet relevant standards and regulations.However,the handling of fresh air introduced a cooling load that takes up a large portion of building...To achieve required indoor air quality,fresh air supply in buildings should meet relevant standards and regulations.However,the handling of fresh air introduced a cooling load that takes up a large portion of building energy consumption,especially in tropical and subtropical areas.A proper way should be employed to reduce the cooling load of fresh air.Radiative sky cooling,which is the process that an object cools itself by emitting thermal radiation to outer space without any energy input,is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology.In this work,a fresh air pre-cooling system using radiative sky cooling is proposed to reduce fresh air cooling load.The system,consisting of filters,a radiative air-cooling system,an air handling unit(AHU),fans,etc.,is installed on the rooftop of the modeled building.Six cities in low-latitude areas are selected and investigated.Results show that with the radiative air-cooling system installed,annual cooling energy consumption of the modeled building can be reduced by around 10%in most cities.For arid areas,e.g.,Abu Dhabi,the system has even better performance with 19.34%annual cooling energy saving.展开更多
I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2020,which stands out from the review papers published by Building Simulation from 2016(Volume 9)to 2020(Volume 13):·Bert B...I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2020,which stands out from the review papers published by Building Simulation from 2016(Volume 9)to 2020(Volume 13):·Bert Blocken.“LES over RANS in building simulation for outdoor and indoor applications:A foregone conclusion?”Building Simulation,2018,11(5):821-870.展开更多
Concentrated solar power(CSP)plants are generally located in solar-abundant yet hot and water-stressed loca-tions.In such circumstances,efficient but water-intensive once-through wet cooling and water-free but ineffic...Concentrated solar power(CSP)plants are generally located in solar-abundant yet hot and water-stressed loca-tions.In such circumstances,efficient but water-intensive once-through wet cooling and water-free but inefficient air cooling are both unfavorable.Considering both thermal efficiency and water availability/temperature,recir-culating evaporative cooling is a better alternative.However,evaporative cooling still loses large amounts of water into the atmosphere and thus requires a nonstop water supply.Therefore,simultaneously reducing water loss and maintaining thermal efficiency requires efficient means of supplemental cooling for CSP plants.Follow-ing our previous work on scalable radiative cooling films and a kW-scale radiative cooling system,we explore the potential of consumptive water use reduction in recirculating wet-cooled CSP plants by integrating supplemental radiative cooling and cold storage.Through modeling of a reference CSP plant with a supplemental radiative cooling system as large as the plant solar field,the results show that 40%-60%of the annual consumptive water use can be potentially reduced in the hot southwestern U.S.region with daytime-only radiative cooling,whereas the annual potential water saving can be as much as 65%-85%if the radiative cooling system works both day and night with cold storage.展开更多
基金the Undergraduate Teaching Reform Project from Peking Union Medical College(Grant number:2017zlgc0102).
文摘Objectives To validate the reliability of the Chinese version of the Consultation and Relational Empathy(CARE)in physician-standardized patient(SP)encounter.We also tried to examine the agreement between video-based ratings and in-room ratings,as well as the agreement between the faculty ratings and SP ratings.Methods The CARE was translated into Chinese.Forty-eight anesthesia residents were recruited to make preoperative interview in SP-counter.Performance of each resident was graded by in-room raters,video raters and SP raters.Consistency between different raters was examined.Results The Chinese-CARE measure demonstrated high scale reliability with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.95 and high consistency in the in-room ratings in intraclass correlation(coefficient=0.888,P<0.001).Despite a good consistency in intraclass correlation,video ratings were significantly higher than in-room ratings(39.6±7.1 vs.24.0±10.0,P<0.001),and Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that the pass/fail rate was significantly higher based on video ratings than based on in-room ratings(45/48 vs.22/48,P<0.001).SP ratings had a moderate consistency with in-room faculty ratings(coefficient=0..568,P<0.001),and there was no significant difference between the pass/fail rates based on the in-room ratings and SP ratings(22/48vs.28/48,P=0.12).Conclusions The Chinese-CARE measure is reliable in the assessment of empathy during preoperative anesthesia interview.In-room and video ratings are not equivalent,while SP may provide a feasible alternative for the faculty rater in the assessment of communication skills with an appropriate measure.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.8207022248).
文摘Objective Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-αfactor(LITAF)protein is a newly discovered inflammatory protein.This study aims to study the role of LITAF in the formation of atherosclerosis.Methods A total of 10 C57BL/6J mice and 10 C57BL/6J mice with knockout of LITAF gene(C57BL/6J–LITAF–)were divided into two groups:the control group and the LITAF^(−/−)group.The animals were accommodated for 16 weeks and then euthanized with their hearts and aortas isolated thereafter.Next,the roots of the mouse aorta were cryosectioned and stained with Oil Red O staining and immunohistochemical staining(CD68,α-SMA,and Masson),respectively.The area of Oil Red O staining and the proportion of positive expression after immunohistochemical staining were then compared between the control and LITAF^(−/−)groups.At the same time,the blood of mice was collected for the extraction of proteins and RNA.The proteins and RNA were used to detect the expression of major molecules of the NF-κB inflammatory pathway in mice in the control group and the LITAF^(−/−)group by Western blotting and RT-PCR.Results Oil Red O staining of the aortic root sections of the mice in each group revealed that the area of atherosclerotic plaques in the LITAF^(−/−)group was substantially lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,immunohistochemical staining determined that the expression level ofα-SMA and CD68 in the LITAF^(−/−)group was significantly lower than that in the control group,whereas the results were reversed following Masson staining(P<0.05).The expression levels of P65 and caspase 3 were significantly lower in the LITAF^(−/−)group than in the control group(P<0.05),whereas the expression level of IκB was higher in the LITAF^(−/−)group.Conclusion LITAF might participate in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque through the NF-κB pathway and play a promoting role in the formation of atherosclerosis.
基金Project(2016YFB0700300)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(51774335)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81400424)Science and Technology Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2014K11-03-07-04)+1 种基金Innovative Talents Promotion Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2017KJXX-87)Hunan Province Education Department Outstanding Youth Science Foundation(No.15B210)
文摘In recent years, people have become increasingly attentive to light pollution influences on their eyes. In the visible spectrum, short-wave blue light with wavelength between 415 nm and 455 nm is closely related to eye light damage. This high energy blue light passes through the cornea and lens to the retina causing diseases such as dry eye, cataract, age-related macular degeneration, even stimulating the brain, inhibiting melatonin secretion, and enhancing adrenocortical hormone production, which will destroy the hormonal balance and directly affect sleep quality. Therefore, the effect of Blu-rays on ocular is becoming an important concern for the future. We describe blue light’s effects on eye tissues, summarize the research on eye injury and its physical prevention and medical treatment.
文摘Objective To determine whether the myotoxic side effects of statin simvastatin affect skeletal muscle's sensitivity to caffeine and halothane. Methods Primary cultured neonate rat skeletal myotubes were treated with 0.01-5.0 μmol/L simvastatin for 48 hours. MTT was used to evaluate cellular viability. The gross morphology and microstructure of the myotubes were observed with a light and electron microscope, respectively. The intracellular calcium concentrations([Ca^(2+)]i) at rest and in response to caffeine and halothane were investigated by fluorescence calcium imaging. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance(ANOVA) test. Results Simvastatin(0.01-5.0 μmol/L) decreased myotube viability, changed their morphological features and microstructure, and increased the resting [Ca^(2+)]i in a dose-dependent manner. Simvastatin did not change myotube's sensitivity to low doses of caffeine(0.625-2.5 mmol/L) or halothane(1.0-5.0 mmol/L). In response to high-dose caffeine(10.0 mmol/L, 20.0 mmol/L) and halothane(20.0 mmol/L, 40.0 mmol/L), myotubes treated with 0.01 μmol/L simvastatin showed a significant increase in sensitivity, but those treated with 1.0 μmol/L and 5.0 μmol/L simvastatin showed a significant decrease. The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca^(2+) storage peaked in the myotubes treated with 0.01 μmol/L simvastatin, but it decreased when cells were treated with higher doses of simvastatin(0.1-5.0 μmol/L).Conclusions The myotoxic side effect of simvastatin was found to change the sensitivity of myotubes in response to high-dose caffeine and halothane. When dose was low, sensitivity increased mainly because of increased Ca^(2+) content in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which might explain why some individuals with statin-induced myotoxic symptoms may show positive caffeine-halothane contracture test results. However, when the dose was high and the damage to the myotubes was severer, sensitivity was lower. It is here supposed that the damage itself might put individuals with statin-induced myotoxic symptoms at greater risks of presenting with rhabdomyolysis during surgery or while under anesthesia.
文摘I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2022,which stands out from the 24 review papers published by Building Simulation from 2018(Volume 11)to 2022(Volume 15):Yuejing Zhao&Bin Zhao."Emissions of air pollutants from Chinese cooking:A literature review."Building Simulation,2018,11(5):977-995.
文摘I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2021,which stands out from the review papers published by Building Simulation from 2017(Volume 10)to 2021(Volume 14):Bing Dong,Da Yan,Zhaoxuan Li,Yuan Jin,Xiaohang Feng,Hannah Fontenot."Modeling occupancy and behavior for better building design and operation-A critical review"Building Simulation,2018,11(5):899-921.
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20200373).
文摘To achieve required indoor air quality,fresh air supply in buildings should meet relevant standards and regulations.However,the handling of fresh air introduced a cooling load that takes up a large portion of building energy consumption,especially in tropical and subtropical areas.A proper way should be employed to reduce the cooling load of fresh air.Radiative sky cooling,which is the process that an object cools itself by emitting thermal radiation to outer space without any energy input,is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology.In this work,a fresh air pre-cooling system using radiative sky cooling is proposed to reduce fresh air cooling load.The system,consisting of filters,a radiative air-cooling system,an air handling unit(AHU),fans,etc.,is installed on the rooftop of the modeled building.Six cities in low-latitude areas are selected and investigated.Results show that with the radiative air-cooling system installed,annual cooling energy consumption of the modeled building can be reduced by around 10%in most cities.For arid areas,e.g.,Abu Dhabi,the system has even better performance with 19.34%annual cooling energy saving.
文摘I am pleased to announce that the following paper has been awarded the Best Review Paper 2020,which stands out from the review papers published by Building Simulation from 2016(Volume 9)to 2020(Volume 13):·Bert Blocken.“LES over RANS in building simulation for outdoor and indoor applications:A foregone conclusion?”Building Simulation,2018,11(5):821-870.
文摘Concentrated solar power(CSP)plants are generally located in solar-abundant yet hot and water-stressed loca-tions.In such circumstances,efficient but water-intensive once-through wet cooling and water-free but inefficient air cooling are both unfavorable.Considering both thermal efficiency and water availability/temperature,recir-culating evaporative cooling is a better alternative.However,evaporative cooling still loses large amounts of water into the atmosphere and thus requires a nonstop water supply.Therefore,simultaneously reducing water loss and maintaining thermal efficiency requires efficient means of supplemental cooling for CSP plants.Follow-ing our previous work on scalable radiative cooling films and a kW-scale radiative cooling system,we explore the potential of consumptive water use reduction in recirculating wet-cooled CSP plants by integrating supplemental radiative cooling and cold storage.Through modeling of a reference CSP plant with a supplemental radiative cooling system as large as the plant solar field,the results show that 40%-60%of the annual consumptive water use can be potentially reduced in the hot southwestern U.S.region with daytime-only radiative cooling,whereas the annual potential water saving can be as much as 65%-85%if the radiative cooling system works both day and night with cold storage.