Research on the impact of high-temperature aging on the thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries

Understanding the thermal safety evolution of lithium-ion batteries during high-temperature usage conditions bears significant implications for enhancing the safety management of aging batteries.This work investigates the thermal safety evolution mechanism of lithium-ion batteries during high-temperature aging.Similarities arise in the thermal safety evolution and degradation mechanisms for lithium-ion batteries undergoing cyclic aging and calendar aging.Employing multi-angle characterization analysis,the intricate mechanism governing the thermal safety evolution of lithium-ion batteries during high-temperature aging is clarified.Specifically,lithium plating serves as the pivotal factor contributing to the reduction in the self-heating initial temperature.Additionally,the crystal structure of the cathode induced by the dissolution of transition metals and the reductive gas generated during aging attacking the crystal structure of the cathode lead to a decrease in thermal runaway triggering temperature.Furthermore,the loss of active materials and active lithium during aging contributes to a decline in both the maximum temperature and the maximum temperature rise rate,ultimately indicating a decrease in the thermal hazards of aging batteries.

AFF4在人类HEL细胞中广泛地影响RNA聚合酶Ⅱ的停滞释放

在转录延伸过程中,P-TEFb激酶(由激酶CDK9和Cyclin T1组成的二聚体)是释放停滞的Pol Ⅱ这一步的关键调节因子。在人类细胞中,它可参与形成三个更大的复合体,即超级延伸复合体(super elongation complex,SEC)、BRD4/P-TEFb和7SKsnRNP,其活性在前两者中不被抑制,而在后者中被抑制。除P-TEFb外,SEC还含有AFF1或4、AF9或ENL、ELL1、2或3,EAF1或2等无酶活亚基,这些亚基被认为可通过P-TEFb影响转录延伸。本课题组前期的研究和其他实验室的研究工作均已表明AFF1、AF9和ENL亚基均可调控转录启始,但尚不清楚AFF4是否具有相似的功能。在调控基因表达的选择性方面,近期有研究表明BRD4/P-TEFb在人类结直肠腺癌细胞DLD-1中主要负责除热激基因以外的其他基因的停滞释放,而SEC负责热激基因的停滞释放。为了深入理解AFF4的功能,本研究利用RNA干扰技术在人类红系白血病细胞HEL中敲低了AFF4,发现RNA聚合酶Ⅱ (Pol Ⅱ)的羧基端重复区(C-terminal domain,CTD)内第二个丝氨酸(Serine 2,Ser-2)的磷酸化水平降低。利用RNA-seq和CUT&Tag确定了AFF4的直接靶基因,利用ChIP-seq和PRO-seq发现AFF4对转录启始的影响不明确、对Pol Ⅱ的停滞释放的调控不局限于热激基因,利用ChIP-qPCR发现AFF4缺失降低了P-TEFb的染色质结合。上述研究结果表明,AFF4对Pol Ⅱ的停滞释放的调控可能具有一定的细胞类型特异性,即在一些细胞内仅调控热激基因的停滞释放,而在另一些细胞中调控的对象却不仅限于热激基因。

Mechanical performances of shield tunnel segments under asymmetric unloading induced by pit excavation

To explore the stress and deformation responses,as well as the failure characteristics of the shield tunnel segment of Hangzhou Metro under the influences of pit excavation and other surrounding projects,a self-developed“shield tunnel segment hydraulic loading system”was used to carry out full-scale loading tests on the three-ring staggered assembled segments.The structural performances and failure process of the tunnel segment under step-by-step asymmetric unloading were studied.A safety index was proposed to describe the bearing capacity of the segment.Next,a finite element model(FEM)was established to analyze the bearing capacity of segment using the test results.Finally,the effect of reinforcement with a steel plate on the deformation and bearing capacity of the segment was analyzed.The results showed that under asymmetric unloading,the peak value and amplitude of the bending moment on the near unloading side converged with a greater value than those on the far side.The concrete internal force exhibited a directional transformation at different load stages.Cracks first appeared at the 180inner arc surface of the bottom standard block and then expanded to both sides,while the rate of crack propagation of the outer arc surface was relatively lower.The bearing capacity of the segments can be evaluated by the combination of the factors,e.g.the residual bearing capacity coefficient,moment transfer coefficient,and characterization coefficient.The segments approaching failure can facilitate the increase in the residual bearing capacity coefficient by more than 50%.This can provide guidance for the service assessment of metro tunnel operations.

Impact of a retrogressive thaw slump on surrounding vegetation communities in the Fenghuoshan mountains,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Under global warming,permafrost around the world is experiencing degradation which is especially so on the Third Pole,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP),China.Retrogressive thaw slump(RTS)is one of the thermokarst features caused by rapid degradation of ice rich permafrost,which transforms landforms and threatens infrastructures,and even affects the terrestrial carbon cycle.In this work,vegetation communities surrounding a RTS in the Fenghuoshan Mountains of the interior portion of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have been investigated to examine the impact from RTS.This investigation indicates that the occurrence of RTS influences the vegetation community by altering their habitats,especially the soil water content,which forces the vegetation community to evolve in order to adapt to the alterations.In the interior part of RTS where it has been disturbed tremendously,alterations have produced a wider niche and richer plant species.This favors species of a wet environment in a habitat where it was a relatively dry environment of alpine steppe prior to the occurrence of RTS.This study adds to limited observations regarding the impact of RTS to vegetation community on the QTP and helps us to reach a broader understanding of the effects of permafrost degradation as well as global warming.

术中分层冷冻切片在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检中的诊断价值

目的探讨术中应用不同分层冷冻切片检测前哨淋巴结(SLN)的方法在乳腺癌手术治疗中的应用价值。方法 67例乳腺癌患者术中行亚甲蓝示踪并成功行前哨淋巴结活检(SLNB),SLN均行术中冷冻切片HE染色,依次记录单层切片组、3层切片组及6层切片组冷冻病理结果,术后SLN常规HE染色石蜡切片为确诊SLN转移的标准。不同切片方法冷冻病理诊断结果与石蜡切片HE染色结果进行比较分析。结果 67例患者常规石蜡切片结果中19例SLN阳性,3例为SLNB假阴性,假阴性率为13.6%(3/22)。不同切片方法冷冻病理结果与SLN石蜡切片HE染色结果比较:单层切片的敏感性为21.1%(4/19)、符合率为73.1%(49/67)、特异性为100%(45/45);3层切片的敏感性为31.6%(6/19)、符合率为76.1%(51/67)、特异性为97.8%(44/45);6层切片的敏感性为84.2%(16/19)、符合率为91.1%(61/67)、特异性为95.6%(43/45)。敏感性和符合率,6层切片组与3层切片组、单层切片组分别比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),6层切片组高于3层切片组、单层切片组。而单层切片组与3层切片组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 SLN术中冷冻病理检查诊断SLN转移可靠而快速,多层切片方法可以提高SLN微小转移灶的检出率,6层切片组冷冻病理检查结果与术后石蜡切片结果接近。

Management of granulomatous lobular mastitis: an international multidisciplinary consensus(2021 edition)

Granulomatous lobular mastitis(GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM. Literature was reviewed using PubMed from January 1, 1971 to July 31, 2020. Sixty-six international experienced multidisciplinary experts from 11 countries or regions were invited to review the evidence.Levels of evidence were determined using the American College of Physicians grading system, and recommendations were discussed until consensus. Experts discussed and concluded 30 recommendations on historical definitions,etiology and predisposing factors, diagnosis criteria, treatment, clinical stages, relapse and recurrence of GLM. GLM was recommended as a widely accepted definition. In addition, this consensus introduced a new clinical stages and management algorithm for GLM to provide individual treatment strategies. In conclusion, diagnosis of GLM depends on a combination of history, clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, laboratory examinations and pathology.The approach to treatment of GLM should be applied according to the different clinical stage of GLM. This evidencebased consensus would be valuable to assist front-line surgeons and medical specialists in the optimal management of GLM.

Dynamic regulation of alternative splicing and chromatin structure in Drosophila gonads revealed by RNA-seq

抄写和 post-transcriptional 过程例如其他的拼接，在在 metazoans 控制发展节目起关键作用。最近出现的 RNA-seq 方法把我们真核细胞的 transcriptomes 的理解带到新水平，因为它能两个都同时解决基因表示水平和其他的拼接事件。在性腺获得细胞的区别的更好的理解，我们用 RNA-seq 从果蝇睾丸和卵巢分析了 mRNA 侧面。我们识别了有性特定的 isoforms 在的一套基因野类型(WT ) 性腺，包括几个抄写因素。我们发现从无差别的细菌房间的精子的区别导致了拼接的 RNA 的戏剧的 downregulation 因素。我们的数据证实 RNA 拼接事件是显著地在云石(欺骗) 的无差别的充实房间的袋子里更经常在在 WT 的区别之上的变异的睾丸，而是 downregulated 睾丸。与这一致，我们证明基因在 WT 为成熟分裂和终端区别要求睾丸主要在 transcriptional 水平被调整，然而并非由选择拼接。出人意料地，我们在在无差别的充实房间的欺骗睾丸改变因素和 histone 修改酶的染色质的所有家庭的表示观察了增加。更有趣地，有相反的酶的活动的染色质管理者和 histone 修改酶是在在睾丸的无差别的房间的 coenriched，建议这些房间可以拥有动态染色质建筑学。最后，我们的数据表明果蝇 gonadal transcriptomes 的许多新特征，和愿望导致的更全面的理解微分基因表示并且拼接在果蝇调整 gametogenesis。我们的数据为在果蝇在细菌房间生物学的许多有趣的区域拼接的基因表示和选择的系统的学习提供了一个基础，例如性同种二形和在 germline 干细胞系的增长对终端区别程序的规定的分子的基础。为未加工、分析的 RNA-seq 数据的 GEO 就职数字是 GSE16960。

A New Species of the Asian Toad Genus Megophrys sensu lato(Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae) from Guizhou Province, China

We describe a new species of the genus Megophrys sensu lato from Guizhou Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA sequences all strongly supported the new species as an independent lineage in Megophrys(Panophrys) clade. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characteristics:(1) small body size with SVL < 38.8 mm in male and SVL < 42.3 mm in female;(2) vomerine teeth absent;(3) tongue not notched behind;(4) a small horn-like tubercle at the edge of each upper eyelid;(5) tympanum distinctly visible, rounded;(6) two metacarpal tubercles in hand;(7) relative finger lengths: II < I < V < III;(8) toes with rudimentary webbing at bases;(9) heels overlapping when thighs are positioned at right angles to the body;(10) tibiotarsal articulation reaching the level between tympanum to eye when leg stretched forward;(11) an internal single subgular vocal sac in male;(12) in breeding male, the nuptial pads with black nuptial spines on the dorsal bases of the first and second fingers.

Modified unscented Kalman filter using modified filter gain and variance scale factor for highly maneuvering target tracking

To improve the low tracking precision caused by lagged filter gain or imprecise state noise when the target highly maneuvers, a modified unscented Kalman filter algorithm based on the improved filter gain and adaptive scale factor of state noise is presented. In every filter process, the estimated scale factor is used to update the state noise covariance Qk, and the improved filter gain is obtained in the filter process of unscented Kalman filter （UKF） via predicted variance Pk｜k-1, which is similar to the standard Kalman filter. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides better accuracy and ability to adapt to the highly maneuvering target compared with the standard UKF.

A New Species of the Asi an Toad Genus Megophrys sensu lato (Anura: Megophryidae) from Guizhou Province, China

We describe a new species of the genus Megophr ys from Guizhou Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA sequences all strongly supported the new species as an independent clade nested into the Megophrys clade and sister to M. minor. On morphology,the new species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters:(1) small body size with SVL < 39.2 mm in male and SVL < 40.4 mm in female;(2) vomerine teeth absent;(3) tongue not notched behind;(4) a small horn-like tubercle at the edge of each upper eyelid;(5) tympanum distinctly visible, rounded;(6) two or three metacarpal tubercles in hand;(7) relative finger lengths: Ⅰ< Ⅱ< Ⅴ< Ⅲ;(8) toes without webbing;(9) heels overlapped when thighs are positioned at right angles to the body;(10) tibiotarsal articulation reaching tympanum to eye when leg stretched forward;(11) an internal single subgular vocal sac in male;(12) in breeding male, the nuptial pads with black nuptial spines on the dorsal bases of the first and second fingers.

High-throughput sequencing analysis of the regulation of intestinal flora in giant pandas with indigestion using a probiotic agent LyPB

This study aimed to investigate the eff ect of LyPB on the intestinal microfl ora of giant pandas with indigestion,using high-throughput sequencing(HTS)technology.The species distribution and microfl oral density and diversity before and after administration of the LyPB probiotic agent were analyzed.LyPB evidently has the ability to adjust the fl oral imbalance in the panda’s intestine.To test the eff ects of LyPB on the microfl ora of the panda gut,fecal samples were taken from a healthy giant panda(Anan)without administration of LyPB and from a dyspeptic giant panda Yangyang before and after LyPB administration.Compared with the sample obtained from healthy Anan(anan-c)and that obtained from dyspeptic Yangyang before LyPB administration(yangyang1),the sample taken from Yangyang(yangyang2)after LyPB administration displayed a signifi cant increase in the operational taxonomic unit index.An increase in the Chao index indicated an increase in the microfl oral richness,while an increase in the Shannon index indicated an increase in microfl oral diversity.At phylum and genus levels,a signifi cant increase was observed in the density of probiotic bacteria of phylum fi rmicutes,genus Streptococcus,while a drastic reduction in the density of Escherichia coli/Escherichia coli Shigella/bacteria of genus Shigella was observed.Data obtained in this study shows that LyPB preparations successfully improve the microbial structure within the panda’s intestinal canal by signifi cantly increasing the eff ective microbial community and decreasing the number of pathogenic microbes.

Genetic Bottlenecks of the Wild Chinese Giant Salamander in Karst Caves

The rarity of limestone cave species due to habitat degradation makes them of special interest in conservation biology.The wild Chinese Giant Salamander Andrias davidianus,an evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered species,are nearly all obligate into living in inaccessible mountain caves now.We detected that only 14-29 breeders,with the effective population size of 9-25（5-44 of 95% confidence interval）,were in each of three caves,through genotyping 20 microsatellite loci on larvae that were flushed out of caves.Both heterzygosity excess and M（ratios of allele number to allele size range） tests indicated severe genetic bottlenecks among populations.Both mitochondrial,with only one or two haplotypes of D-loop region（770-771bp） in each population,and nuclear genetic structure showed clear divergence between populations.Considering the long life history,small population size,and genetic differentiationof the Chinese Giant Salamander,putting an end to poaching and recovering the karst ecosystem instead of releasing may be the sole measures to save this severely threated species.

Functional analysis of a novel C-glycosyltransferase in the orchid Dendrobium catenatum

Flavonoids,which are a diverse class of phytonutrients,are used by organisms to respond to nearly all abiotic stresses and are beneficial for human health.Glycosyltransferase,used during the last step of flavonoid biosynthesis,is important in flavonoid enrichment.However,little is known about glycosyltransferase in the orchid Dendrobium catenatum(D.officinale).In this study,we isolated a novel C-glycosyltransferase(designated DcaCGT)from the orchid D.catenatum by identifying and analyzing 82 putative genes in the GT1 family.DcaCGT could specifically catalyze not only di-C-glycosylation but also O-glycosylation.Apart from the normal function of catalyzing 2-hydroxynaringenin and phloretin to the respective di-C-glycosides,DcaCGT also catalyzes apigenin to cosmosiin.Targeted metabolic profiling of the substrates(2-hydroxynaringenin,phloretin,and apigenin)and products(vitexin,isovitexin,vicenin-2,nothofagin,3’,5’-di-C-glucosylphloretin,and cosmosiin)in different tissues showed that vicenin-2 was the most abundant product of this novel enzyme.Cosmosiin was detected in flowers and flower buds.We also established that DcaCGT functions expanded throughout the evolution of D.catenatum.Residual OGT activity may help D.catenatum resist drought stress.Our study illustrates the function,origin,and differentiation of DcaCGT and provides insights into glycosylation and molecular propagation processes,which can be used to improve the production of flavonoids by the cultivated medicinal plant D.catenatum.

Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Structured SiO_(2) Thin Films on Carbon Steel

Nano-structured SiO2 thin films were prepared on the surface of carbon steel for the first time by LPD. The compositions of the films were analyzed by XPS, and the surface morphology of the thin films were observed by AFM. The thin films were constituted by compact particles of SiO2, and there was no Fe in the films. In the process of film forming, the SiO2 colloid particles were deposited or absorbed directly onto the surface of carbon steel substrates that were activated by acid solution containing inhibitor, and corrosion of the substrates was avoided. The nano-structured SiO2 thin films that were prepared had excellent protective efficiency to the carbon steel.

Description of a New Species of the Asian Newt Genus Tylototriton sensu lato(Amphibia:Urodela:Salamandridae) from Southwest China

The newt genus Tylototriton sensu lato is widely distributed in Eastern,Southeastern and Southern Asia.Previous studies indicated that there still has been several cryptic species in the group.Here,we describe a new species of the genus from Guizhou Province,China.Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA supported that the new species was resolved as an independent clade nested into the Tylototriton sensu lato clade.On morphology,the new species could be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters:large body size(SVL 76.8-85.2 mm in male and 76.3-87.4 mm in female);head longer than wide;snout truncate in dorsal view;tail length longer than the snout-vent length in males;the distal digit ends,ventral digits,peripheral area of cloaca and the tail s lower margin are orange;relative length of toesⅢ> Ⅳ> Ⅱ> Ⅰ> Ⅴ;the distal tips of the limbs greatly overlapping when the fore and hind limbs are pressed along the trunk;fingertips reach the level beyond the snout when the forelimbs are stretched forward.

Effects of Water Quality on the Distribution of Chinese Giant Salamander(Andrias davidianus)in Guizhou Province,China

13 water quality parameters were tested from 38 reaches of 34 counties in Guizhou where Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus) distributed over the past 30 years. Dissolved oxygen and p H were found to be significant determinants of the species distribution in recent years(P<0.05). There was no Chinese giant salamander distribution in the recent five years in rivers with dissolved solids of greater than 415 mg/L, conductivity of greater than 639 us/cm, salinity of greater than 0.31 ppt and total hardness of greater than 150 mg/L. Sensitive to environment, the Chinese giant salamander is an important indicator for environmental quality, so it could be used as one of the environmental indicator. Eutrophication, chemical fertilizer, pesticides and inorganic pollutants may be one of reasons driving wild CGS into extinction.

《金匮要略》黑疸病探析

黑疸属于黄疸病的一种,由黄疸病久治不愈,慢性迁延而来,常夹有瘀血、湿热等。黑疸与现代西医多种慢性肝病导致的肝硬化临床症状表现类似。黑疸总体属于阴黄,病机多以瘀阻湿滞为主,常有湿热残留。张仲景提出的黑疸主治方“硝石矾石散”是基于对黑疸本质与湿邪、瘀血这两个关键病理因素密不可分的认识;治疗黑疸应以化瘀祛湿为主,辅以疏肝运脾,化瘀和络,利湿退黄之法。治疗黑疸应注意重视化瘀泻浊,慎用蛮补;瘀浊互结,多夹湿热,慎用温燥;活血化瘀,畅通肝胆络脉,慎用峻烈。

Predicting various outcomes of post-resuscitation comatose survivors： PRCSs Prognostication Score

在在心肺的复活( CPR )以后恢复自发的循环并且验证它两个都结果容易地可得到、预兆的 performance.Methods 变量的无知觉的幸存者开发能够早、确切预言的各种各样的结果的一个工具的目的被系统地在 resuscitation.A 上考察出版文学识别价值被分到使用的这些 variables.We 在有 APACHE /score 到的联合的这些变量设计 multifactorial 预言

Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities of total alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

We evaluated the hypoglycemic and antioxi- dant effects of the total alkaloids of leaves and twigs of Catharanthus roseus Linn. （CTA） in streptozotocin （STZ）- induced diabetic rats. The hypoglycemic effect was mea- sured by blood glucose and plasma insulin level. Oxidative stress was measured in heart, liver and kidney by levels of antioxidant markers, free radical scavengers and lipid peroxides i.e. superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, glutathione （GSH） and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances （TBARS）. Biochemical parameters, i.e. aspar- tate aminotransferase （AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, alkaline phosphate （ALP） were observed in diabetic control and treated rats. Oral administration of CTA for 30 days was followed by a significant （P 〈 0.05） decrease in fasting blood glucose and increase in insulin level as compared with untreated diabetic rats. Also it significantly （P 〈 0.05） reduced ALT, AST and ALP. The treatment also resulted in significant （P 〈 0.05） reductions in GSH, SOD, CAT, and decrease in TBARS in the heart, liver and kidney of diabetic rats. The results suggest that CTA can effectively normalize the impaired antioxidant status in STZ-induced diabetes in a dose-dependent manner.CTA exerted rapid protective effects against lipid peroxi- dation by scavenging of free radicals and reducing the risk of diabetic complications.

Effects of active molecules of Korean pine seed on rodent health and implications for forest regeneration

After maturation, Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.) seeds often cannot disperse to reach a suitable germination site. It is therefore difficult to naturally regenerate by itself and relies on animal dispersal. Squirrels hoard pine seeds as winter food and Korean pine seeds stored for overwintering might become the source of regeneration of the species. From field observations, the pine seeds are the food preference for squirrels during autumn in the Lesser Khingan Mountains in Northeast China. Such preference by squirrels has been attributed to high seed energy content and the ease of seed storage. However, it may also be expected from nutritional aspects that a coevolutionary relationship between squirrels and Korean pine species could be partially explained by the effect of active seed components and their physiological regulatory effects on squirrels. To test this hypothesis, control experiments were carried out to examine the modulatory effects of Korean pine nut oil (PNO) on intestinal microbiota, inflammatory profile and oxidative stress in mice. The results showed that, compared with mice fed a high-fat diet, PNO significantly improved the physical and the healthy state of mice. Histological analysis of the liver and epididymal fat tissue showed that PNO alleviated liver and adipocyte lesions, and inflammation caused by high-fat diets. PNO also significantly decreased atherosclerotic index and ameliorate serum lipid accumulation to prevent cardiovascular disease, which effect the positive control SG group. Moreover, PNO elevated superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities and reduced malondialdehyde levels in the serum. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that PNO restored intestinal microbiota composition, significantly increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia bacteria. These results suggest that Korean pine seeds not only provide adequate fat, protein and energy for squirrels, but also promote physical health and improve body immunity.