受洪水涨落影响水位流量关系延长方法探讨

本文结合本站水位后移法和曼宁公式两种方法,以抚河李家渡站为例,探讨受洪水涨落测站如何开展水位~流量关系延长,得出以下结论:通过本站水位后移法试算,采用后移时段1.5h可实现李家渡高水绳套曲线单值化;利用曼宁公式延长单值化曲线,并通过水位后移反算,可实现受洪水涨落影响的水位~流量关系的延长;两种方法结合,可为受洪水涨落影响的测站开展巡测分析和测验成果检验提供借鉴。

营养支持联合免疫调节治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作期的临床效果

目的:观察老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性发作期行营养支持联合免疫调节治疗的临床效果。方法:选取济宁市第一人民医院2016年1月—2018年1月收治的COPD急性发作期患者200例,随机分为观察组108例和对照组92例,对照组给予营养支持治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上行免疫支持治疗,观察两组治疗后的临床效果。结果:治疗后,观察组临床治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(χ^2=8.61,P<0.01),外周血管淋巴细胞(TLC)、IgA以及T淋巴细胞(CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+)等免疫指标明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),体重、TP、ALB等营养指标和PaO2、SaO2、PaCO2等血气分析指标也明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:对老年COPD急性发作期患者在营养支持基础上给予免疫调节治疗能明显改善患者营养水平和免疫功能,增加肺通气功能,提高临床治疗效果。

A method to estimate concentrations of surface-level particulate matter using satellite-based aerosol optical thickness

We propose a new method to estimate surface-level particulate matter(PM)concentrations by using satellite-retrieved Aerosol Optical Thickness(AOT).This method considers the distribution and variation of Planetary Boundary Layer(PBL)height and relative humidity(RH)at the regional scale.The method estimates surface-level particulate matter concentrations using the data simulated by an atmospheric boundary layer model RAMS and satellite-retrieved AOT.By incorporation MODIS AOT,PBL height and RH simulated by RAMS,this method is applied to estimate the surface-level PM 2.5 concentrations in North China region.The result is evaluated by using 16 ground-based observations deployed in the research region,and the result shows a good agreement between estimated PM 2.5 concentrations and observations,and the coefficient of determination R2 is 0.61 between the estimated PM 2.5 concentrations and the observations.In addition,surface-level PM 2.5 concentrations are also estimated by using MODIS AOT,ground-based LIDAR observations and RH measurements.A comparison between the two estimated PM 2.5 concentrations shows that the new method proposed in this paper is better than the traditional method.The coefficient of determination R2 is improved from 0.32 to 0.62.

椎管内孤立性纤维性肿瘤的临床病理学分析

目的探讨椎管内孤立性纤维性肿瘤(SFT)的临床病理学特点、分子遗传学及免疫组织化学特征、诊断、鉴别诊断及临床预后等。方法收集清华大学附属北京清华长庚医院2015年1月至2021年12月存档的椎管内SFT手术标本共12例, 进行回顾性研究和重新分级, 对临床影像资料、组织形态学、免疫组织化学和分子遗传学进行分析, 并进行随访及相关文献复习。结果 12例患者中男性5例, 女性7例;年龄31~73岁, 中位年龄50.5岁。12例均为原发性, 其中4例为首发病例, 8例为复发病例, WHO 1级8例、WHO 2级3例, WHO 3级1例。显微镜下表现为梭形细胞肿瘤, 间质富含大量薄壁血管, 根据肿瘤级别不同呈现不同的细胞形态及坏死等组织学特征。免疫表型上, 12例(12/12)表达波形蛋白及STAT6, STAT6均为细胞核弥漫强阳性;11例(11/12)表达CD34和bcl-2;7例(7/12)表达CD99。二代测序检测提示12例(12/12)均存在NAB2-STAT6基因融合。12例随访6~80个月, 4例首发病例术后均无复发无转移, 8例复发病例中2例再次复发, 2例死亡。结论椎管内SFT罕见, 具有较高的复发倾向, 诊断过程中需要多方面考虑, STAT6是诊断该肿瘤较为特异的标志物。完整的手术切除为首选治疗方案, 建议术后放疗以减少肿瘤复发。

PRDM14 Promotes the Migration of Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Through Extracellular Matrix Degradation in vitro

Background： As a novel molecular markerof non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, PRDI-BFI and R1Z homology domain containing protein 14 （PRDM 14） is over-expressed ill NSCLC tumor tissues. Extracellular matrix degradation mediated by the balance between matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases （TIMPs） is one of the most important mechanism in king cancer metastasis. This study aimed to determine if PRDM14 promoted the migration of NSCLC cells through extracellular matrix degradation mediated by change of MMP/TIMP expression. Methods： The expression of PRDM 14 was down-regulated in human cell line A 549 after transfection with lentiviral vector-mediated short-hairpin ribonucleic acids （shRNAs） which targeted the PRDM 14 promoter. Cellular migration ofshRNA-infected cells was detected by a scratch wound healing assay and transwell cell rnigration assay. Expression levels of MMP1, MMP2, TIMP1, and TIMP2 were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Results： Migration of PRDM 14-shRNA-infected cells was significantly inhibited relative to control cells as measured by the scratch wound healing （P 〈 0.05） and transwell cell migration assays （P 〈 0.01 ）. The expression of MMPI in A549 cells infected by PRDMI4-shRNA was down-regulated significantly （P 〈 0.01 ）, whereas the expression ofTIMP 1 and TIMP2 was up-regulated significantly （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions： PRDM 14 accelerates A549 cells migration in vitro through extracellular matrix degradation. PRDM 14 is considered as a potential therapeutic target in metastatic NSCLC.

Inhibition of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cell Migration by Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1-small Hairpin RNA Through Inhibiting Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition,Extracellular Matrix Degradation, and Src Phosphorylation In Vitro

Background：Protein arginine methyltransferases 1 （PRMT1） is over-expressed in a variety of cancers,including lung cancer,and is correlated with a poor prognosis of tumor development.This study aimed to investigate the role of PRMT1 in nonsmall cell lung cancer （NSCLC） migration in vitro.Methods：In this study,PRMT1 expression in the NSCLC cell line A549 was silenced using lentiviral vector-mediated short hairpin RNAs.Cell migration was measured using both scratch wound healing and transwell cell migration assays.The mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 （MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor ofmetalloproteinase 1,2 （TIMP l,2） were measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.The expression levels of protein markers for epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） （E-cadherin,N-cadherin）,focal adhesion kinase （FAK）,Src,AKT,and their corresponding phosphorylated states were detected by Western blot.Results：Cell migration was significantly inhibited in the PRMT1 silenced group compared to the control group.The mRNA expression of MMP-2 decreased while TIMP 1 and TIMP2 increased significantly.E-cadherin mRNA expression also increased while N-cadherin decreased.Only phosphorylated Src levels decreased in the silenced group while FAK or AKT remained unchanged.Conclusions：PRMT1-small hairpin RNA inhibits the migration abilities of NSCLC A549 cells by inhibiting EMT,extracellular matrix degradation,and Src phosphorylation in vitro.

Personalized travel route recommendation using collaborative filtering based on GPS trajectories

Travelling is a critical component of daily life.With new technology,personalized travel route recommendations are possible and have become a new research area.A personalized travel route recommendation refers to plan an optimal travel route between two geographical locations,based on the road networks and users’travel preferences.In this paper,we define users’travel behaviours from their historical Global Positioning System(GPS)trajectories and propose two personalized travel route recommendation methods–collaborative travel route recommendation(CTRR)and an extended version of CTRR(CTRR+).Both methods consider users’personal travel preferences based on their historical GPS trajectories.In this paper,we first estimate users’travel behaviour frequencies by using collaborative filtering technique.A route with the maximum probability of a user’s travel behaviour is then generated based on the naïve Bayes model.The CTRR+method improves the performances of CTRR by taking into account cold start users and integrating distance with the user travel behaviour probability.This paper also conducts some case studies based on a real GPS trajectory data set from Beijing,China.The experimental results show that the proposed CTRR and CTRR+methods achieve better results for travel route recommendations compared with the shortest distance path method.

美国的印裔族群:身份与结构(1990—2017年)

《1990年移民与国籍法》(the1990Immigration and Nationality Act)颁布以来,在美印裔族群迎来了又一次大发展,不仅在规模上成为继华裔之后的最大亚裔群体,而且积极参与到美国社会生活中,成为美国最重要的外来族群之一。本文分析了1990年以来印度人以永久居民获得者、美国公民和合法非移民(Nonimmigrant)三种主要居留身份在美生活的发展历程,厘清了在美印度人的性别、年龄、职业、收入、婚姻、宗教信仰以及地域分布特征,认为印裔以其庞大的技术移民规模、高归化程度、良好的性别和年龄结构、优质的职业特征及稳定的家庭婚姻生活成为美国最成功的外来族群之一。