Preventive effect of nasal Timosaponin BII-loaded temperature-/ionsensitive in situ hydrogels on Alzheimer’s disease

Objective:To study the preventive effect of Timosaponin BII(T-BII)-loaded temperature/ion-sensitive nasal in situ hydrogels(ISGs)on Alzheimer's disease(AD),its preparation technology,characteristics and in vivo effects were evaluated.Methods:The morphological and rheological properties were evaluated.The preventive effects of T-BII ISG on scopolamine-induced AD in mice were determined with the index of muscarinicreceptor 1(M1)expression and pathological changes.Results:Results revealed that T-BII ISG significantly increased the content of M1 choline receptors in the hippocampus of mice and ameliorated the damage incurred to the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1(CA1)area.Conclusion:T-BII ISGs is a reasonable and convenient method of exerting an obvious preventive effect on mice with AD induced by scopolamine.This,thereby,lays forth a new treatment option for preventing AD.

Timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846–031 with Insight-HXMT monitoring

We present the observational results from a detailed timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846-031 during its outburst in 2019 with the observations of Insight-HXMT,NICER and MAXI.This outburst can be classified roughly into four different states.Type-C quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs)observed by NICER(about 0.1-6 Hz)and Insight-HXMT(about 0.7-8 Hz)are also reported in this work.Meanwhile,we study various physical quantities related to QPO frequency.The QPO rms-frequency relationship in the energy band 1-10 keV indicates that there is a turning pointing in frequency around2 Hz,which is similar to that of GRS 1915+105.A possible hypothesis for the relationship above may be related to the inclination of the source,which may require a high inclination to explain it.The relationships between QPO frequency and QPO rms,hardness,total fractional rms and count rate have also been found in other transient sources,which can indicate that the origin of type-C QPOs is non-thermal.

Insight-HXMT observations of the first binary neutron star merger GW170817

Finding the electromagnetic(EM) counterpart of binary compact star merger, especially the binary neutron star(BNS) merger,is critically important for gravitational wave(GW) astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics. On Aug. 17, 2017,Advanced LIGO and Fermi/GBM independently triggered the first BNS merger, GW170817, and its high energy EM counterpart,GRB 170817 A, respectively, resulting in a global observation campaign covering gamma-ray, X-ray, UV, optical, IR, radio as well as neutrinos. The High Energy X-ray telescope(HE) onboard Insight-HXMT(Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope) is the unique high-energy gamma-ray telescope that monitored the entire GW localization area and especially the optical counterpart(SSS17 a/AT2017 gfo) with very large collection area(~1000 cm^2) and microsecond time resolution in 0.2-5 MeV. In addition,Insight-HXMT quickly implemented a Target of Opportunity(ToO) observation to scan the GW localization area for potential X-ray emission from the GW source. Although Insight-HXMT did not detect any significant high energy(0.2-5 MeV) radiation from GW170817, its observation helped to confirm the unexpected weak and soft nature of GRB 170817 A. Meanwhile,Insight-HXMT/HE provides one of the most stringent constraints(~10^(-7) to 10^(-6) erg/cm^2/s) for both GRB170817 A and any other possible precursor or extended emissions in 0.2-5 MeV, which help us to better understand the properties of EM radiation from this BNS merger. Therefore the observation of Insight-HXMT constitutes an important chapter in the full context of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observation of this historical GW event.

Intranasal temperature-sensitive hydrogels of cannabidiol inclusion complex for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a psychiatric disease that seriously affects brain function.Currently,selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)are used to treat PTSD clinically but have decreased efficiency and increased side effects.In this study,nasal cannabidiol inclusion complex temperature-sensitive hydrogels(CBD TSGs)were prepared and evaluated to treat PTSD.Mice model of PTSD was established with conditional fear box.CBD TSGs could significantly improve the spontaneous behavior,exploratory spirit and alleviate tension in open field box,relieve anxiety and tension in elevated plus maze,and reduce the freezing time.Hematoxylin and eosin and c-FOS immunohistochemistry slides showed that the main injured brain areas in PTSD were the prefrontal cortex,amygdala,and hippocampus CA1.CBD TSGs could reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-a caused by PTSD.Western blot analysis showed that CBD TSGs increased the expression of the 5-HT1 A receptor.Intranasal administration of CBD TSGs was more efficient and had more obvious brain targeting effects than oral administration,as evidenced by the pharmacokinetics and brain tissue distribution of CBD TSGs.Overall,nasal CBD TSGs are safe and effective and have controlled release.There are a novel promising option for the clinical treatment of PTSD.

The design and implementation of GECAM satellite payload performancemonitoring software

Background The Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor(GECAM)is primarily designed to spot gamma-ray bursts corresponding to gravitational waves.In order to achieve stable observations from various astronomical phenomena,the payload performance need to be monitored during the in-orbit operation.Method This article describes the design and implementation of GECAM satellite payload performance monitoring(GPPM)software.The software extracts the payload status and telescope observations(light curves,energy spectrums,characteristic peak fitting of energy spectrums,etc)from the payload data.Considering the large amount of payload status parameters in the engineering data,we have designed a method of parameter processing based on the configuration tables.This method can deal with the frequent changes of the data formats and facilitate program maintenance.Payload status and performance are monitored through defined thresholds and monitoring reports.The entire software is implemented in python language and the huge amount of observation data is stored in MongoDB.Conclusion The design and implementation of GPPM software have been completed,tested with ground and in-orbit payload data.The software can monitor the performance of GECAM payload effectively.The overall design of the software and the data processing method can be applied to other satellites.

Paired quasi-periodic pulsations of hard X-ray emission in a solar flare

We investigate high time resolution data obtained by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor(GECAM)during the flare event on 2022 April 21 at 01:52 UT.Several subpeaks with durations of 4-6 s have been detected in the hard X-ray precursor phase,and the key feature is that they appear in pairs and seem like double-peak struc-tures.These subpeaks are rarely observed in hard X-ray band and confirmed by the microwave obtained by Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters(NoRP)and Radio Solar Telescope Network(RSTN).While an exponential function can describe the continuum component of the time profile from the precursor to part of the impulsive phase.The periods of quasi-periodic pulsations(QPPs)are detected to be about 7.3 and 12.8 s for the precursor and impulsive phase,respectively,with at least 95%confidence level.The paired QPPs are assumed to be double-peak QPPs and then the scenario of current loop coalescence model is found to be in good agreement with our observation.The precursor phase can be interpreted as the oscillating coalescence of two islands,while the impulsive phase can be interpreted as more islands to coalesce one by one to form larger islands.

Overview to the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) Satellite

As China’s first X-ray astronomical satellite, the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT), which was dubbed as Insight-HXMT after the launch on June 15, 2017, is a wide-band(1-250 ke V) slat-collimator-based X-ray astronomy satellite with the capability of all-sky monitoring in 0.2-3 Me V. It was designed to perform pointing, scanning and gamma-ray burst(GRB)observations and, based on the Direct Demodulation Method (DDM), the image of the scanned sky region can be reconstructed.Here we give an overview of the mission and its progresses, including payload, core sciences, ground calibration/facility, ground segment, data archive, software, in-orbit performance, calibration, background model, observations and some preliminary results.

Construction and application of LHAASO data processing platform

Purpose The LHAASO project collects trillions of cosmic ray events every year,generating about 10 PB of raw data annually,which brings big challenges for data processing platform.Method The LHAASO data processing platform is built to handle such a large amount of data,which is composed of some subsystems such as data transfer,data storage,high throughput computing and metadata management.Results and conclusions The platform was under construction since 2018 and has been working well since 2021.In this paper,the details of the design,implementation and performance of the data processing platform are presented.