Classical continuum mechanics which leads to a local continuum model,encounters challenges when the discontinuity appears,while peridynamics that falls into the category of nonlocal continuum mechanics suffers from a ...Classical continuum mechanics which leads to a local continuum model,encounters challenges when the discontinuity appears,while peridynamics that falls into the category of nonlocal continuum mechanics suffers from a high computational cost.A hybrid model coupling classical continuum mechanics with peridynamics can avoid both disadvantages.This paper describes the hybrid model and its adaptive coupling approach which dynamically updates the coupling domains according to crack propagations for brittle materials.Then this hybrid local/nonlocal continuum model is applied to fracture simulation.Some numerical examples like a plate with a hole,Brazilian disk,notched plate and beam,are performed for verification and validation.In addition,a peridynamic software is introduced,which was recently developed for the simulation of the hybrid local/nonlocal continuum model.展开更多
Conductive electrodes are major components of flexible optoelectronic devices.However,existing materials are either very conductive but brittle(e.g.,ITO[indium tin-oxide]),or non-brittle but less conductive,with an en...Conductive electrodes are major components of flexible optoelectronic devices.However,existing materials are either very conductive but brittle(e.g.,ITO[indium tin-oxide]),or non-brittle but less conductive,with an environment-dependent conductivity(e.g.,PEDOT:PSS[poly-(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid)]).Here,we propose a new design that simultaneously takes advantage of both the high conductivity of ITO and the high flexibility of PEDOT:PSS.In our design,a PEDOT:PSS interface is inserted between the film substrate and the ITO layer,creating a hybrid layered structure that retains both its high conductivity and high stability,when the film is deformed.The rational behind the creation of this structure,is that PEDOT:PSS,used as an interface between the locally delaminated ITO layer and the substrate,substantially reduces the detrimental effects of cracks on the electrode’s conductivity.These results open the path for a new generation of transparent electrodes in advanced flexible devices.展开更多
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support received from KAUST baseline,the National Natural Science Foundation(11872016)the Fundamental Research Funds of Dalian University of Technology(Grant No.DUT17RC(3)092)for the completion of this work.
文摘Classical continuum mechanics which leads to a local continuum model,encounters challenges when the discontinuity appears,while peridynamics that falls into the category of nonlocal continuum mechanics suffers from a high computational cost.A hybrid model coupling classical continuum mechanics with peridynamics can avoid both disadvantages.This paper describes the hybrid model and its adaptive coupling approach which dynamically updates the coupling domains according to crack propagations for brittle materials.Then this hybrid local/nonlocal continuum model is applied to fracture simulation.Some numerical examples like a plate with a hole,Brazilian disk,notched plate and beam,are performed for verification and validation.In addition,a peridynamic software is introduced,which was recently developed for the simulation of the hybrid local/nonlocal continuum model.
基金The research reported in this publication was supported by funding from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST),under award number BAS/1/1315-01-01.
文摘Conductive electrodes are major components of flexible optoelectronic devices.However,existing materials are either very conductive but brittle(e.g.,ITO[indium tin-oxide]),or non-brittle but less conductive,with an environment-dependent conductivity(e.g.,PEDOT:PSS[poly-(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid)]).Here,we propose a new design that simultaneously takes advantage of both the high conductivity of ITO and the high flexibility of PEDOT:PSS.In our design,a PEDOT:PSS interface is inserted between the film substrate and the ITO layer,creating a hybrid layered structure that retains both its high conductivity and high stability,when the film is deformed.The rational behind the creation of this structure,is that PEDOT:PSS,used as an interface between the locally delaminated ITO layer and the substrate,substantially reduces the detrimental effects of cracks on the electrode’s conductivity.These results open the path for a new generation of transparent electrodes in advanced flexible devices.
