Identification Transgenic DNA of Transformed Arabidopsis Using PCR and Southern Blot

For identification of transgenic DNA of Arabidopsis plant material, the followed methods are transformation and growing of seeds after bleaching them for sterilization should be performed then using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification the gene before making gel electrophoresis to be ready for southern blot analysis, this method is possible because the length of the given primers, there are slightly modifications in the methods as ligating PCR technique developed for amplification of the unknown DNA after extracting it to determine its transgenicity. The methods were specific and reproducible for many different plants from transgenic and non-transgenic cell lines. Furthermore, the number of products of PCR result can be considered as a good estimation of transgenic DNA, during comparison to southern blot analysis, the results obtained by the PCR give information about DNA of Arabidopsis, applications of the approach to Arabidopsis plants after transformation with an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation will be described.

Effect of Antimicrobial Peptides and Chemicals Produced by Animals on <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>

The problem of multidrug-resistant pathogens as bacteria, fungi and yeast in addition to the restriction of using antibiotics as growth promoting substances in food has attracted the attention to looking for alternative sources instead of conventional antibiotics like natural products which have antimicrobial activity. Much interests and researches have been focused on using natural antimicrobial peptides and chemicals extracted from animal secretions and some insect’s venoms as they exhibit antimicrobial activity against pathogens with lower resistance and higher synergistic effects if they were given in combination with blends of them. In this paper, some antimicrobial chemicals extracted from giraffes are shown in addition to their activity against Aspergillus fumigatus species using optical density analysis technique then their Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) will be determined as well as ICs 50 to measure the potency to inhibit a biological function using programmes like Gene5, graph pad prism as well as testing antimicrobial activity of some chemicals which are provided in animal secretions.

Effect of Antimicrobial Peptides and Chemicals Produced by Animals on Liver Microsomal Enzymes CYP450

The problem of multidrug-resistant pathogens as bacteria, fungi and yeast in addition to the restriction of using antibiotics as growth promoting substances in feed has attracted attention for looking for alternative sources instead of conventional antibiotics like natural products which have antimicrobial activity. Much interest and researches have been focused on using natural antimicrobial peptides and chemicals extracted from animal secretions and some insect’s venoms as they exhibit antimicrobial activity against pathogens with lower resistance and higher synergistic effects if they were given in combination with blends of them. In this paper, some antibacterial peptides extracted from honeybees venom and expression with yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae will be discussed as well as antimicrobial chemicals extracted from giraffes in addition to their inhibitory effects on liver microsomal enzymes CYP450 will be discussed also with its activity against microorganisms which are Agrobacterium rhizogenes, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and E. coli using optical density analysis technique then their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) will be determined as well as ICs 50 to measure the potency to inhibit a biological function using programmes like Gene5, graph pad prism and clone manager as well as testing antimicrobial activity of some chemicals which are provided in animal secretions.