Phytochemical Study and Comparative Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Aerial Parts of <i>Chenopodium ambrosioides</i>Linn. (Chenopodiaceae)

The use of Chenopodium ambrosioides in some communities in Togo reveals its importance and its medicinal properties. The plant is often infused for medicinal drinks before use. Thus, through a comparative study, this work focused on the identification of the different phytochemical groups and then on the anti-radical capacities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial parts (lea- ves and seeds) of Chenopodium ambrosiooides obtained by maceration and infusion. The phytochemical tests, carried out on the various extracts, showed that they contained certain biomolecules such as flavonoids and tannins. Likewise, the presence of terpenoids and terpenes has been detected. However, it is only in aqueous extracts that the alkaloids have been revealed. The determination of the polyphenol content of the extracts revealed that the aqueous infusion contains 25.699 mgGAE/g DE, followed by the aqueous maceration: 24.873 mgGAE/g DE, after the ethanolic infusion: 21.009 mg GAE/g DE and of the ethanolic maceration: 20.625 mg GAE/g DE. The results of the determination of the anti-radical capacity by the DPPH method after calculation of the IC50, revealed that the infusion gives respectively in aqueous and ethanolic medium: 25.541 μg/ml and 48.269 μg/ml while the maceration leads to 29.187 μg/ml 50.999 μg/ml respectively. This study showed that each extract reacted with DPPH and the aqueous infusion was the most reactive.