过渡金属磷化物在催化反应中的稳定性

利用太阳能等可再生能源分解水制氢是解决人类目前的环境污染和能源短缺危机的重要途径。开发高效率、持久性和低成本催化剂是制备绿色、清洁氢能的关键。过渡金属磷化物作为一类可以代替贵金属催化剂的化合物,在太阳能制氢领域引起了人们的广泛关注。然而过渡金属磷化物在极端条件下稳定差的特点限制了其工业级别大规模应用。本文综述了过渡金属磷化物的物化性质、制备方法、催化反应中的稳定性和稳定性提升策略。过渡金属磷化物稳定性下降的原因是其与水或者氧等发生反应,自身被氧化为金属氧化物或者氢氧化物,同时低价磷被氧化为磷酸盐,溶于反应介质,导致过渡金属磷化物中的磷流失。采用载体极性改性、表面包覆保护层、掺杂等保护手段可以提升过渡金属磷化物在反应中的稳定性。

Generation of enhanced stability of SnO/In(OH)_(3)/InP for photocatalytic water splitting by SnO protection layer1 Generation of enhanced stability of SnO/In(OH)_(3)/InP for photocatalytic water splitting by SnO protection layer1

InP shows a very high efficiency for solar light to electricity conversion in solar cell and may present an expectation property in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.However,it suffers serious corrosion in water dispersion.In this paper,it is demonstrated that the stability and activity of the InP-based catalyst are effectively enhanced by applying an anti-corrosion SnO layer and In(OH)_(3)transition layer,which reduces the crystal mismatch between SnO and InP and increases charge transfer.The obtained Pt/SnO/In(OH)_(3)/InP exhibits a hydrogen production rate of 144.42μmol/g in_(3)h under visible light illumination in multi-cycle tests without remarkable decay,12_(3)times higher than that of naked In(OH)_(3)/InP without any electron donor under visible irradiation.