-592 and -1082 interleukin-10 polymorphisms in pulmonary tuberculosis with type 2 diabetes

Objective:To determine the polymorphisms of Interleukin-10(IL-10)(-592,-1082) in pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)with and without type 2 diabetes(T2D).Methods:We studied a Mexican mestizo population of 37 patients with TB in remission(TBr) and 40 with active pulmonary TB (PTB),21 patients with TB + T2D.47 blood donors accepted,and 13 healthy health-care workers with tuberculin skin lest positive.Determination of IL-10 polymorphisms was performed by real-lime Polymerase chain reaction.Results:IL-10-592C/A presented in a greater proportion in healthy individuals than in patients with type 2 diabetes and TB in a not quite significant statistically manner.IL-10-1082A/A presented more frequently in the group of patients with both diseases,not being statistically significant in comparison with the group of healthy subjects. Conclusions:This study describes two important new findings.First,it reveals that the IL-10 (-592 A/A and -592 C/C) polymorphisms were found in a greater proportion in a group of patients with T2D and TB than in healthy subjects.Second,the study provides evidence that the(-1082 G/G) polymorphism presented with greater frequency in healthy individuals than in patients with both ol these diseases.

Tuberculosis and hematopoietic stem cell transplant: Review of a difficult and often underestimated problem

Recipients of solid organ transplants(SOT) and stem cell transplants(SCT) constitute a group of patients at risk for tuberculosis(TB) development. The prevalence of active TB in patients undergoing SOT is higher than in patients undergoing SCT, probably due to the shorter period of immunosuppression in the latter. We reviewed the importance of SCT in individuals with hematological malignancies. Most TB cases occur in transplant patients by reactivation of latent infection after immunosuppression, most often within the first year after transplant, leading to graft loss and in some cases, death. Relevant variables to assess the risk of TB infection in a transplant recipient include the donor's and recipient's medical histories, imaging results, microbiology and tuberculin skin test(TST) and interferon-gamma release assays(IGRA). TST is routinely performed in the donor and recipient before transplantation. If TST is > 5 mm in the recipient or > 10 mm in the donor, it is necessary to exclude active TB(pulmonary and renal). Chemopro-phylaxis is recommended in TST(+) recipients and in recipients with recent seroconversion, in donors with a history of untreated TB or in contact with an individual with active TB, if radiological images are suspicious and the IGRA is(+). The drug of choice is isoniazid. These topics are herewith reviewed.