目的探讨饮水控制联合消毒洗手顺序干预在小儿手足口病中的应用效果。方法选择2017年5月至2019年6月小儿手足口病患者86例,随机分为对照组(n=43例)和观察组(n=43例)。对照组采用常规方法治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合饮水控制、幼儿消...目的探讨饮水控制联合消毒洗手顺序干预在小儿手足口病中的应用效果。方法选择2017年5月至2019年6月小儿手足口病患者86例,随机分为对照组(n=43例)和观察组(n=43例)。对照组采用常规方法治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合饮水控制、幼儿消毒洗手顺序干预,干预后15 d比较2组症状消失时间、生化指标水平、T淋巴细胞水平及干预依从性。结果观察组饮水控制联合幼儿消毒洗手顺序干预后口腔溃疡消退、手足疱疹消失、体温恢复、白细胞恢复正常及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);2组干预后15 d AST、CK-MB及hs-CRP水平低于干预前(P<0.05);观察组干预后15 d AST、CK-MB及hs-CRP水平低于对照组(P<0.05);2组干预后15 d CD+3、CD+4、CD+4/CD+8水平高于治疗前(P<0.05),CD+8低于治疗前(P<0.05);观察组干预后15 d CD+3、CD+4、CD+4/CD+8水平高于对照组(P<0.05),CD+8低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后15 d饮食控制、饮食指导、药物治疗、康复锻炼及定期复查依从性均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论饮水控制联合幼儿消毒洗手顺序干预用于小儿手足口病患者中能缩短症状消失时间,改善患儿生化指标水平,增强其T淋巴细胞水平,提高患儿治疗依从性,值得推广应用。展开更多
【背景】伴随着区块链逐渐应用于新一代互联网络的域名、路由、公钥等基础设施,其重要性日益彰显。作为区块链以及整个分布式系统领域的核心技术,共识机制直接影响着区块链的处理能力、可扩展性及安全性,也影响着其在互联网基础设施中...【背景】伴随着区块链逐渐应用于新一代互联网络的域名、路由、公钥等基础设施,其重要性日益彰显。作为区块链以及整个分布式系统领域的核心技术,共识机制直接影响着区块链的处理能力、可扩展性及安全性,也影响着其在互联网基础设施中的根基。【目的】对软件定义网络SDN(Software Defined Network)中用于实现多控制器之间数据共享的共识机制设计进行综述,分析当前设计中存在的问题并提出解决方案,为相关研究工作提供参考。【方法】本文首先对共识机制的研究现状进行了概述,然后重点对SDN多控制器共识机制设计的研究现状进行了综述,对其中存在的问题进行了分析,并基于区块链技术提出了解决方案,介绍了当前将区块链技术应用于SDN网络的研究现状。【结果】当前SDN多控制器共识机制在实际部署中多采用以Raft为代表的宕机容错类共识机制,无法应对控制器或交换机等恶意行为,现有研究尝试引入拜占庭容错类共识解决该问题,并针对共识机制在SDN网络中的应用进行自适应设计以提高系统运行性能,但当前的SDN控制层中的用于实现控制器间数据共享的共识机制设计仍存在着共识网络部署不灵活、控制器运行共识机制带来巨大开销方面的问题。【结论】本文提出的基于区块链的控制器层数据共享第三方服务具有安全、可信、部署灵活等方面的优势,可为上述问题提供解决方案。本文提出的基于区块链的SDN网络可信基础设施作为数据共享服务的扩展架构,可为SDN提供多种安全可信服务。展开更多
As a core technology of Internet of Things(IoT),Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) has become a research hotspot recently.More and more WSNs are being deployed in highly mobile environments.The fast moving sensor nodes brin...As a core technology of Internet of Things(IoT),Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) has become a research hotspot recently.More and more WSNs are being deployed in highly mobile environments.The fast moving sensor nodes bring significant challenges for the routing decision.In this paper,we propose an efficient logical location method,and designe a mobility estimating metric and derive a novel Green Mobility Estimation-based Routing protocol(G-MER) for WSNs.We also set up a full framework to evaluate its performance.Simulation results illustrate that G-MER achieves a fairly better performance in terms of broadcast times and link failures than AODV.What's more,it decreases the mean hops by about 0.25 and reduces energy consumption by about 10% during the whole experiment.All the results show that G-MER can be effectively used in fast-moving and limited resource scenarios.展开更多
With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT),the issue of trust in distributed routing systems has attracted more research attention.The existing trust management frameworks,however,suffer from some possible...With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT),the issue of trust in distributed routing systems has attracted more research attention.The existing trust management frameworks,however,suffer from some possible attacks in hostile environments,such as false accusation,collusion,on-off,and conflicting behavior.Therefore,more comprehensive models should be proposed to predict the trust level of nodes on potential routes more precisely,and to defeat several kinds of possible attacks.This paper makes an attempt to design an attack-resistant trust management model based on beta function for distributed routing strategy in IoT.Our model can evaluate and propagate reputation in distributed routing systems.We first describe possible attacks on existing systems.Our model is then proposed to establish reliable trust relations between self-organized nodes and defeat possible attacks in distributed routing systems.We also propose a theoretical basis and skeleton of our model.Finally,some performance evaluations and security analyses are provided to show the effectiveness and robustness of our model compared with the existing systems.展开更多
Mobile multicast is important for the emerging applications such as mobile video or audio conference and mobile IPTV.Some mobile multicast schemes have been proposed in the past few years, but most of them study the r...Mobile multicast is important for the emerging applications such as mobile video or audio conference and mobile IPTV.Some mobile multicast schemes have been proposed in the past few years, but most of them study the reconstruc-tion of multicast delivery tree, and few consider the group membership management for mobile sub-scribers.In this paper, we propose a new mobile multicast method based on the Two-Hop Multicast Listener Discovery(THMLD) protocol which pro-vides the mobile multicast membership manage-ment function by forwarding the traditional MLD messages to its neighboring subnets.To evaluate its performance, we analyze the THMLD and set up the simulation platform to compare it with the several traditional mobile multicast methods.The results show that THMLD can reduce the multicast join time, and the THMLD-based mobile multicast method can reduce the multicast join delay at a cost of increasing additional multicast maintenance cost.展开更多
文摘目的探讨饮水控制联合消毒洗手顺序干预在小儿手足口病中的应用效果。方法选择2017年5月至2019年6月小儿手足口病患者86例,随机分为对照组(n=43例)和观察组(n=43例)。对照组采用常规方法治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合饮水控制、幼儿消毒洗手顺序干预,干预后15 d比较2组症状消失时间、生化指标水平、T淋巴细胞水平及干预依从性。结果观察组饮水控制联合幼儿消毒洗手顺序干预后口腔溃疡消退、手足疱疹消失、体温恢复、白细胞恢复正常及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);2组干预后15 d AST、CK-MB及hs-CRP水平低于干预前(P<0.05);观察组干预后15 d AST、CK-MB及hs-CRP水平低于对照组(P<0.05);2组干预后15 d CD+3、CD+4、CD+4/CD+8水平高于治疗前(P<0.05),CD+8低于治疗前(P<0.05);观察组干预后15 d CD+3、CD+4、CD+4/CD+8水平高于对照组(P<0.05),CD+8低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后15 d饮食控制、饮食指导、药物治疗、康复锻炼及定期复查依从性均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论饮水控制联合幼儿消毒洗手顺序干预用于小儿手足口病患者中能缩短症状消失时间,改善患儿生化指标水平,增强其T淋巴细胞水平,提高患儿治疗依从性,值得推广应用。
文摘【背景】伴随着区块链逐渐应用于新一代互联网络的域名、路由、公钥等基础设施,其重要性日益彰显。作为区块链以及整个分布式系统领域的核心技术,共识机制直接影响着区块链的处理能力、可扩展性及安全性,也影响着其在互联网基础设施中的根基。【目的】对软件定义网络SDN(Software Defined Network)中用于实现多控制器之间数据共享的共识机制设计进行综述,分析当前设计中存在的问题并提出解决方案,为相关研究工作提供参考。【方法】本文首先对共识机制的研究现状进行了概述,然后重点对SDN多控制器共识机制设计的研究现状进行了综述,对其中存在的问题进行了分析,并基于区块链技术提出了解决方案,介绍了当前将区块链技术应用于SDN网络的研究现状。【结果】当前SDN多控制器共识机制在实际部署中多采用以Raft为代表的宕机容错类共识机制,无法应对控制器或交换机等恶意行为,现有研究尝试引入拜占庭容错类共识解决该问题,并针对共识机制在SDN网络中的应用进行自适应设计以提高系统运行性能,但当前的SDN控制层中的用于实现控制器间数据共享的共识机制设计仍存在着共识网络部署不灵活、控制器运行共识机制带来巨大开销方面的问题。【结论】本文提出的基于区块链的控制器层数据共享第三方服务具有安全、可信、部署灵活等方面的优势,可为上述问题提供解决方案。本文提出的基于区块链的SDN网络可信基础设施作为数据共享服务的扩展架构,可为SDN提供多种安全可信服务。
基金This paper was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Crants No. 61003283, No. 61001122 Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China under Crants No. 4102064+2 种基金 the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Crant No. BK2011171 the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China under Crant No. 2011 AA010701 the Fundamental Research Funds for the Cen- tral Universities under Ccants No. 2011RC0507, No. 2012RO3603.
文摘As a core technology of Internet of Things(IoT),Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) has become a research hotspot recently.More and more WSNs are being deployed in highly mobile environments.The fast moving sensor nodes bring significant challenges for the routing decision.In this paper,we propose an efficient logical location method,and designe a mobility estimating metric and derive a novel Green Mobility Estimation-based Routing protocol(G-MER) for WSNs.We also set up a full framework to evaluate its performance.Simulation results illustrate that G-MER achieves a fairly better performance in terms of broadcast times and link failures than AODV.What's more,it decreases the mean hops by about 0.25 and reduces energy consumption by about 10% during the whole experiment.All the results show that G-MER can be effectively used in fast-moving and limited resource scenarios.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61100219the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2012JBM010the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60833002
文摘With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT),the issue of trust in distributed routing systems has attracted more research attention.The existing trust management frameworks,however,suffer from some possible attacks in hostile environments,such as false accusation,collusion,on-off,and conflicting behavior.Therefore,more comprehensive models should be proposed to predict the trust level of nodes on potential routes more precisely,and to defeat several kinds of possible attacks.This paper makes an attempt to design an attack-resistant trust management model based on beta function for distributed routing strategy in IoT.Our model can evaluate and propagate reputation in distributed routing systems.We first describe possible attacks on existing systems.Our model is then proposed to establish reliable trust relations between self-organized nodes and defeat possible attacks in distributed routing systems.We also propose a theoretical basis and skeleton of our model.Finally,some performance evaluations and security analyses are provided to show the effectiveness and robustness of our model compared with the existing systems.
基金supported in part by 973 program under con-tract 2007CB307101National High Technology of China ("863 program") under contract No. 2008AA01A326 National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60870015 and No. 60833002
文摘Mobile multicast is important for the emerging applications such as mobile video or audio conference and mobile IPTV.Some mobile multicast schemes have been proposed in the past few years, but most of them study the reconstruc-tion of multicast delivery tree, and few consider the group membership management for mobile sub-scribers.In this paper, we propose a new mobile multicast method based on the Two-Hop Multicast Listener Discovery(THMLD) protocol which pro-vides the mobile multicast membership manage-ment function by forwarding the traditional MLD messages to its neighboring subnets.To evaluate its performance, we analyze the THMLD and set up the simulation platform to compare it with the several traditional mobile multicast methods.The results show that THMLD can reduce the multicast join time, and the THMLD-based mobile multicast method can reduce the multicast join delay at a cost of increasing additional multicast maintenance cost.
