AIM: To analyze the expression levels of soluble form of CD95, CD95 ligand (sCD95 and sCD95L, respectively) in plasma and CD95 expression on CD3+ cells in livertransplanted recipients with acute rejection (AR).METHODS...AIM: To analyze the expression levels of soluble form of CD95, CD95 ligand (sCD95 and sCD95L, respectively) in plasma and CD95 expression on CD3+ cells in livertransplanted recipients with acute rejection (AR).METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)were isolated from 30 clinically liver transplanted recipients.CD95 expression on CD3+ cells was quantitatively measured by two-color fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS)analysis. Lymphocyte surface phenotypes of CD4, CD8,CD16 and CD55 were determined by flow cytometry.Plasma levels of sCD95 and sCD95L were detected byEnzyme Linked-Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA). The results were compared with that from normal healthy volunteers (n = 15 individuals).RESULTS: FACS analysis showed that CD95 expression on CD3+ T cells was significantly increased in liver transplanted recipients with AR compared to that in stable recipients without rejection and infection or healthy individuals who did not undergo transplantation (18 676.93±11 588.34/molecule,6 848.20±1712.96/molecule, 6 418.01±2 001.95/molecule,respectively, P＜0.01). Whereas no significant difference was seen between liver-transplanted stable recipients and healthy individuals. Furthermore, no significant differences were detected between each group with CD4/CD8 ratio or the percentage of CD16+56+ cells. Plasma levels of sCD95were significantly higher in transplanted recipients with AR compered to that in stable recipients or healthy individuals (391.88±196.00, 201.37±30.30, 148.83±58.25 pg/mL,respectively, P＜0.01). In contrast, the plasma levels ofsCD95L in liver- transplanted recipients were not significantlydifferent from that in healthy individuals.CONCLUSION: The present results indicate that the increased CD95 expression on CD3+ cells and the increased levels of sCD95 in plasma may modify the immunological situation of the recipients after transplantation or represent the ongoing graft rejection.展开更多
Simulating biological olfactory neural system, KⅢnetwork, which is a high-dimensional chaotic neural network, is designed in this paper. Different from conventional artificial neural network, the KⅢnetwork works...Simulating biological olfactory neural system, KⅢnetwork, which is a high-dimensional chaotic neural network, is designed in this paper. Different from conventional artificial neural network, the KⅢnetwork works in its chaotic trajectory. It can simulate not only the output EEG waveform observed in electrophysiological experiments, but also the biological intelligence for pattern classification. The simulation analysis and application to the recognition of handwriting numerals are presented here. The classification performance of the KⅢnetwork at different noise levels was also investigated.展开更多
A new robust controller is proposed to regulate both flexural vibrations and rigid body motion of a hydraulically driven flexible arm. The controller combines backstepping control and sliding mode to arrive at a contr...A new robust controller is proposed to regulate both flexural vibrations and rigid body motion of a hydraulically driven flexible arm. The controller combines backstepping control and sliding mode to arrive at a controller capable of dealing with a nonlinear system with uncertainties. The sliding mode technique is used to achieve an asymptotic joint angle and vibration regulation in the presence of payload uncertainty by providing a virtual torque input at the joint while the backstepping technique is used to regulate the spool position of a hydraulic valve to provide the required torque. It is shown that there is no chatter in the hydraulic valve, which results in smoother operation of the system.展开更多
文摘AIM: To analyze the expression levels of soluble form of CD95, CD95 ligand (sCD95 and sCD95L, respectively) in plasma and CD95 expression on CD3+ cells in livertransplanted recipients with acute rejection (AR).METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)were isolated from 30 clinically liver transplanted recipients.CD95 expression on CD3+ cells was quantitatively measured by two-color fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS)analysis. Lymphocyte surface phenotypes of CD4, CD8,CD16 and CD55 were determined by flow cytometry.Plasma levels of sCD95 and sCD95L were detected byEnzyme Linked-Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA). The results were compared with that from normal healthy volunteers (n = 15 individuals).RESULTS: FACS analysis showed that CD95 expression on CD3+ T cells was significantly increased in liver transplanted recipients with AR compared to that in stable recipients without rejection and infection or healthy individuals who did not undergo transplantation (18 676.93±11 588.34/molecule,6 848.20±1712.96/molecule, 6 418.01±2 001.95/molecule,respectively, P＜0.01). Whereas no significant difference was seen between liver-transplanted stable recipients and healthy individuals. Furthermore, no significant differences were detected between each group with CD4/CD8 ratio or the percentage of CD16+56+ cells. Plasma levels of sCD95were significantly higher in transplanted recipients with AR compered to that in stable recipients or healthy individuals (391.88±196.00, 201.37±30.30, 148.83±58.25 pg/mL,respectively, P＜0.01). In contrast, the plasma levels ofsCD95L in liver- transplanted recipients were not significantlydifferent from that in healthy individuals.CONCLUSION: The present results indicate that the increased CD95 expression on CD3+ cells and the increased levels of sCD95 in plasma may modify the immunological situation of the recipients after transplantation or represent the ongoing graft rejection.
文摘Simulating biological olfactory neural system, KⅢnetwork, which is a high-dimensional chaotic neural network, is designed in this paper. Different from conventional artificial neural network, the KⅢnetwork works in its chaotic trajectory. It can simulate not only the output EEG waveform observed in electrophysiological experiments, but also the biological intelligence for pattern classification. The simulation analysis and application to the recognition of handwriting numerals are presented here. The classification performance of the KⅢnetwork at different noise levels was also investigated.
文摘A new robust controller is proposed to regulate both flexural vibrations and rigid body motion of a hydraulically driven flexible arm. The controller combines backstepping control and sliding mode to arrive at a controller capable of dealing with a nonlinear system with uncertainties. The sliding mode technique is used to achieve an asymptotic joint angle and vibration regulation in the presence of payload uncertainty by providing a virtual torque input at the joint while the backstepping technique is used to regulate the spool position of a hydraulic valve to provide the required torque. It is shown that there is no chatter in the hydraulic valve, which results in smoother operation of the system.
