Inadvertent insertion of nephrostomy tube into the renal vein following percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A case report and literature review

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)is an effective and well accepted procedure for the treatment of large and complex renal calculi.We encountered a patient with a mis-placed percutaneous nephrostomy drainage tube(PNDT)into the contralateral renal vein re-sulting thrombus formation after undergoing right side PCNL.We placed a temporary filter to prevent embolism and started anti-coagulation therapy immediately and finally the PNDT was removed without bleeding.