Maintenance of Millimeter-level Geodetic Reference Framework

The high-precision terrestrial reference frame,as the spatial benchmark for geodesy,is an important national infrastructure.However,due to the influence of nonlinear factors related to geophysical phenomena,the overall maintenance accuracy of the ITRF framework is still at the centimeter level.Therefore,accurately characterizing the true trajectories of linear motion,nonlinear motion,and geocentric motion of the reference station is the key to achieve the construction and maintenance technology of a millimeter level terrestrial reference framework.Based on long-term global and regional GNSS observation data,more Chinese geodesy scientists devoted much efforts to the maintenance of millimeter-level geodetic reference framework.The main contributions of this work included the followings:①Dynamic maintenance of millimeter-level terrestrial reference frame;②Research progress on the method of maintenance of regional reference frame based on GNSS;③The progress of CGCS2000 frame maintenance in millimeter level accuracy;④Reprocessing and reanalysis of two-decade GNSS observation in continental China;⑤Research on current GNSS velocity field model and deformation in Chinese mainland;⑥The preliminary realization and evaluation of CTRF2020.

Analysis of the merged quasi-geoid of neighbouring areas

Employing the merged quasi-geoid, we analyses the causes of systematic errors in modelling of quasigeoid of neighbouring areas in the paper, and the efficient method is introduced to improve the accuracy of quasi-geoid. First, the systematic error is weakened with the moving window method applied to established quasi-geoids in two adjacent regions, and the accuracy of the merged quasi-geoid in the stitching region is checked using the measured GPS benchmark data; Second, the whole quasi-geoid is recomputed with data obtained from two adjacent regions if the accuracy of the quasi-geoid obtained from the first step in the stitching region is low; Finally, the quasi-geoids in two adjacent regions are recomputed respectively using GPS benchmark data of own region and adjacent region with the same solution if the accuracy of whole quasi-geoid obtained from the second step also is low. Actual data sets from Sichuan Province and Chongqing City are employed to test the moving window method. It is shown that the quasi-geoid models with high resolution and accuracy were obtained.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Dip Galvanized DP Steels

In order to simulate the hot-dipped galvanizing of dual-phase （DP） steel （wt%） 0.15C-0.1Si-1.7Mn, the DP steels were obtained by different annealing schedules. The effects of soaking temperature, time, and cooling rate on ferrite grain, volume fraction of martensite, and the fine structure of martensite were studied. Results showed that the yield strength （YS） of DP steel is sensitive to annealing schedule, while total elongation has no noticeable dependence on annealing schedule. Increasing soaking temperature from 790 to 850 ℃, the YS is the lowest at soaking temperature of 850 ℃. Changing CR1 from 6 to 24 ℃/s, the YS is the highest when CR1 is 12 ℃/s. Increasing soaking time from 30 to 100 s, the YS is the lowest at soaking time of 100 s. Besides, it was found that sufficient movable dislocations within ferrite grains and high martensite volume fraction can eliminate yield point elongation, decrease the YS, and increase ultimate tensile strength. Through TEM observations, it was also found that increasing annealing temperature promotes austenite transformation into twin martensite, and increases volume fraction of martensite at sufficient cooling rate. With increasing the martensite volume fraction, the deformation substructure in the ferrite is well developed.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Precipitation Behavior and Texture Evolution in a Warm-Rolled P-Containing Interstitial-Free High Strength Steel

By using transmission electron microscopy and electron back-scattered diffraction, the effect of annealing temperature on the precipitation behavior and texture evolution in a warm-rolled interstitial-free high strength steel was studied. The results indicated that fine FeTiP could precipitate at 650 ℃, and the number of those precipitates increased greatly with the increasing annealing temperature until 800 ℃. Furthermore, the nucleation of FeTiP was influenced by the precipitation of TiC and （Ti, Nb） C. The near absence of FeTiP and a large volume fraction of TiC and （Ti, Nb） C in matrix are envisaged to be primarily responsible for the sharp y-fiber texture. As the boundary pinning effect caused by FeTiP is weak and there are less interstitial C atoms in matrix. Thus, annealing at 800 ℃ leads to the highest intensity of y-fiber texture.