PDBlocal:A web-based tool for local inspectionof biological macromolecular 3D structures

Functional research on biological macromolecules must fcus on specific loca regions.PDBlocal is aweb-based tool developed to overcome the limitations of traditional molecular visualization tools forthre-dimensional(3D)inspection of local regions.PDBlocal provides an intuitive and easy-to-manipulate web page interface and some new useful functions.It can kep loca regions flashing,display sequence text that is dynamically consistent with the 3D structure in local appearance undermultiple local manipulations,use two scenes to help users inspect the same local region withdifferent statuses,list all historical manipulation statuses with a tree structure,llow users toannotate regions ofinterest,and save ll historical statuses and other data to a web server for futureresearch.PDBlocal has met expectations and shown satisfactory performance for both expert andnovice users.This tool is available at http:/labsystem.scuec.edu.cn/pdblocal/.

CEPC Technical Design Report

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

Integrating Zeolite and Layered Double Hydroxide for Highly Selective Catalytic Production ofγ-Valerolactone

The production ofγ-valerolactone(GVL)from biomass derivatives levulinic acid(LA)based on acidbase metallic catalysts offers a sustainable pathway to the synthesis of valuable chemicals and biofuels.However,the development of efficient metallic catalysts with tunable Lewis acid–base and Brønsted acid sites remains a challenge.Herein,for the first time,we integrated zeolite and layered double hydroxide(LDH),in a core–shell structure,wherein zeolite and CoFe-LDH provided the Brønsted acidic sites and Lewis acid sites,respectively.Meanwhile,oxygen vacancies(OV_(x))acting as Lewis bases were generated on the surface of LDH via Ga doping.An efficient cascade catalytic reaction from LA to GVL was successfully achieved over the designed Beta@LDH-OVx catalyst,affording a superior conversion of LA(>99.9%)and an impressive selectivity to GVL(89.18%).Importantly,the“memory effect”of LDH endowed the catalyst with excellent regeneration of metal active sites.Density functional theory calculations revealed that the introduced OVx facilitated the adsorption of carbonyl oxygen in LA and boosted the production of GVL through the synergistic effect of acid/base sites in the composite catalyst.This work presents a rational design route for the construction of multifunctional catalysts by coupling zeolites and LDHs for highly selective catalytic conversion of biomass.

Surface‑Enhanced Raman Scattering Fiber Probe Based on Silver Nanocubes

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)provides a novel method for low concentration molecular detection.The performances were highly dependent on the sizes,geometries and distributions of metal nanostructures.Here,highly sensitive SERS fber probe based on silver nanocubes(Ag NCs)was fabricated,by assembled nanostructures on planar and tapered fber tips.Ag NCs were synthesized by polyol method,and controlled by reductant content,reaction temperatures and crystal growth durations.Tapered fbers with diferent cone angles were prepared by chemical etching.The electromagnetic distribution simulation indicated that nanocubes had stronger electric feld between two cubes and vertex corners than nanosphere,under 532 nm laser excitation.The intensity could reach 53.52 V/m,for cubes with 70 nm edge length.The SERS performance of probes was characterized using crystal violet analyte.The detectable lowest concentration could reach 10^(-9) and 10^(-10) M for planar and tapered fber probes,respectively.The corresponding enhancement factor could be 9.02×10^(7) and 6.22×10^(8).The relationship between SERS peak intensities and analyte concentrations showed well linear,which indicated both fber probes could be applied for both qualitative and quantitative analysis.Furthermore,optimal cone angle of tapered fber SERS probe was 8.3°.The tapered fber SERS probes have highly sensitive activity and great potential in substance detection.

Design of tandem genes cluster for isoflavone engineering

In this paper,a universal effective novel method of constructing tandem genes cluster for isoflavone engineering was reported.A tandem genes cluster CHS-CHI-IFS(rIFS)of secondary metabolites of plant isoflavones was constructed by using the chalcone synthase(CHS),chalcone isomerase(CHI),and isoflavone synthase(IFS)(GenBank accession numbers EU526827,EU526829,EU526830)in only one recombination with the pET22b vector.The resulting expression vector pET-rIFS was heterogeneously expressed and co-incubated with barrenwort extractions,and the genistein-like com-ponent was detected.