以板状刚玉为骨料,电熔白刚玉粉、尖晶石粉、氧化铝微粉等为基质,以纯铝酸钙水泥为结合剂,分别外加0、1%、2%、3%( w )的氯化钙(CaCl 2)制备了刚玉-尖晶石浇注料,并研究CaCl2加入量对浇注料常温物理性能、高温强度、抗热震性和显微结构...以板状刚玉为骨料,电熔白刚玉粉、尖晶石粉、氧化铝微粉等为基质,以纯铝酸钙水泥为结合剂,分别外加0、1%、2%、3%( w )的氯化钙(CaCl 2)制备了刚玉-尖晶石浇注料,并研究CaCl2加入量对浇注料常温物理性能、高温强度、抗热震性和显微结构的影响。结果表明:随CaCl2加入量从0增加到3%( w ),刚玉-尖晶石浇注料于1 500 ℃处理后的常温强度和显气孔率增加,体积密度降低,线变化率先降低后增大,但总体变化不大;而高温抗折强度和抗热震性得到明显改善,这主要归因于所加CaCl2以溶液形式均匀分布在浇注料中,其与Al2O3反应生成了片状CA6,且CA6晶体较小,均匀分布在试样基质中,起增强、增韧作用。展开更多
Urban particulate matter 2.5(PM2.5)pollution and public health are closely related,and concerns regarding PM2.5 are widespread.Of the underlying factors,the urban morphology is the most manageable.Therefore,investigat...Urban particulate matter 2.5(PM2.5)pollution and public health are closely related,and concerns regarding PM2.5 are widespread.Of the underlying factors,the urban morphology is the most manageable.Therefore,investigations of the impact of urban three-dimensional(3D)morphology on PM2.5 concentration have important scientific significance.In this paper,39 PM2.5 monitoring sites of Beijing in China were selected with PM2.5 automatic monitoring data that were collected in 2013.This data set was used to analyze the impacts of the meteorological condition and public transportation on PM2.5 concentrations.Based on the elimination of the meteorological conditions and public transportation factors,the relationships between urban 3D morphology and PM2.5 concentrations are highlighted.Ten urban 3D morphology indices were established to explore the spatial-temporal correlations between the indices and PM2.5 concentrations and analyze the impact of urban 3D morphology on the PM2.5 concentrations.Results demonstrated that road length density(RLD),road area density(RAD),construction area density(CAD),construction height density(CHD),construction volume density(CVD),construction otherness(CO),and vegetation area density(VAD)have positive impacts on the PM2.5 concentrations,whereas water area density(WAD),water fragmentation(WF),and vegetation fragmentation(VF)(except for the 500 m buffer)have negative impacts on the PM2.5 concentrations.Moreover,the correlations between the morphology indices and PM2.5 concentrations varied with the buffer scale.The findings could lay a foundation for the high-precision spatial-temporal modelling of PM2.5 concentrations and the scientific planning of urban 3D spaces by authorities responsible for controlling PM2.5 concentrations.展开更多
Corundum spinel castable was prepared using tabular corundum as aggregates,white fused corundum powder,spinel powder and alumina powder as the matrix,pure calcium aluminate cement as a binder,and extra adding calcium ...Corundum spinel castable was prepared using tabular corundum as aggregates,white fused corundum powder,spinel powder and alumina powder as the matrix,pure calcium aluminate cement as a binder,and extra adding calcium chloride(0,1%,2%,and 3%,by mass).The effects of the CaCl2 addition on the cold physical properties,the hot strength,the thermal shock resistance and the microstructure of the castable were studied.The results show that,for the corundum spinel castable fired at 1550℃,with the increase of the CaCl2 addition from 0 to 3%,the cold strengthes first increase,then decrease,the apparent porosity increases,the volume density decreases,and the linear change rate first decreases and then increases,while the overall change is not significant;however,the hot modulus of rupture and the thermal shock resistance are obviously improved.This is mainly due to that,CaCl2 is evenly distributed in the castable in the form of solution,and reacts with Al2O3 to form small flake CA6 crystals,which evenly distributed in the sample matrix strengthening and toughening the material.展开更多
In the context of dynamic telecommunication traffic requirement, experimental prototypes and testbeds have been vital and challenging steps towards achieving practical OBS networks. This paper presents the novel integ...In the context of dynamic telecommunication traffic requirement, experimental prototypes and testbeds have been vital and challenging steps towards achieving practical OBS networks. This paper presents the novel integrated LOBS/GMPLS network testbed. Dynamic interworking technologies between GMPLS network and LOBS network and potential survivability schemes in this multilayer network are investigated by experimentally evaluating the TCP and popular streaming media service performance over an integrated LOBS/ GMPLS testbed.展开更多
文摘以板状刚玉为骨料,电熔白刚玉粉、尖晶石粉、氧化铝微粉等为基质,以纯铝酸钙水泥为结合剂,分别外加0、1%、2%、3%( w )的氯化钙(CaCl 2)制备了刚玉-尖晶石浇注料,并研究CaCl2加入量对浇注料常温物理性能、高温强度、抗热震性和显微结构的影响。结果表明:随CaCl2加入量从0增加到3%( w ),刚玉-尖晶石浇注料于1 500 ℃处理后的常温强度和显气孔率增加,体积密度降低,线变化率先降低后增大,但总体变化不大;而高温抗折强度和抗热震性得到明显改善,这主要归因于所加CaCl2以溶液形式均匀分布在浇注料中,其与Al2O3反应生成了片状CA6,且CA6晶体较小,均匀分布在试样基质中,起增强、增韧作用。
基金Under the auspices of National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0502504)Beijing Excellent Youth Talent Program(No.2015400018760G294)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41201443,41001267).
文摘Urban particulate matter 2.5(PM2.5)pollution and public health are closely related,and concerns regarding PM2.5 are widespread.Of the underlying factors,the urban morphology is the most manageable.Therefore,investigations of the impact of urban three-dimensional(3D)morphology on PM2.5 concentration have important scientific significance.In this paper,39 PM2.5 monitoring sites of Beijing in China were selected with PM2.5 automatic monitoring data that were collected in 2013.This data set was used to analyze the impacts of the meteorological condition and public transportation on PM2.5 concentrations.Based on the elimination of the meteorological conditions and public transportation factors,the relationships between urban 3D morphology and PM2.5 concentrations are highlighted.Ten urban 3D morphology indices were established to explore the spatial-temporal correlations between the indices and PM2.5 concentrations and analyze the impact of urban 3D morphology on the PM2.5 concentrations.Results demonstrated that road length density(RLD),road area density(RAD),construction area density(CAD),construction height density(CHD),construction volume density(CVD),construction otherness(CO),and vegetation area density(VAD)have positive impacts on the PM2.5 concentrations,whereas water area density(WAD),water fragmentation(WF),and vegetation fragmentation(VF)(except for the 500 m buffer)have negative impacts on the PM2.5 concentrations.Moreover,the correlations between the morphology indices and PM2.5 concentrations varied with the buffer scale.The findings could lay a foundation for the high-precision spatial-temporal modelling of PM2.5 concentrations and the scientific planning of urban 3D spaces by authorities responsible for controlling PM2.5 concentrations.
文摘Corundum spinel castable was prepared using tabular corundum as aggregates,white fused corundum powder,spinel powder and alumina powder as the matrix,pure calcium aluminate cement as a binder,and extra adding calcium chloride(0,1%,2%,and 3%,by mass).The effects of the CaCl2 addition on the cold physical properties,the hot strength,the thermal shock resistance and the microstructure of the castable were studied.The results show that,for the corundum spinel castable fired at 1550℃,with the increase of the CaCl2 addition from 0 to 3%,the cold strengthes first increase,then decrease,the apparent porosity increases,the volume density decreases,and the linear change rate first decreases and then increases,while the overall change is not significant;however,the hot modulus of rupture and the thermal shock resistance are obviously improved.This is mainly due to that,CaCl2 is evenly distributed in the castable in the form of solution,and reacts with Al2O3 to form small flake CA6 crystals,which evenly distributed in the sample matrix strengthening and toughening the material.
基金supported by 863 program 2009AA01Z256,2009AA01Z253,2008AA01A331NSFC program 60736036,60702006,60837004,60736002,60932004+1 种基金MOST program 2008DFA11670the project funded by State Key Lab of AOCSN,China
文摘In the context of dynamic telecommunication traffic requirement, experimental prototypes and testbeds have been vital and challenging steps towards achieving practical OBS networks. This paper presents the novel integrated LOBS/GMPLS network testbed. Dynamic interworking technologies between GMPLS network and LOBS network and potential survivability schemes in this multilayer network are investigated by experimentally evaluating the TCP and popular streaming media service performance over an integrated LOBS/ GMPLS testbed.
