As a result of more and more serious energy risks, the study of national energy security zoning is not only the basic requirement of energy risk management but also the new demand of economic development for the energ...As a result of more and more serious energy risks, the study of national energy security zoning is not only the basic requirement of energy risk management but also the new demand of economic development for the energy industry. Firstly, this paper analyzes the basic situation of energy resources and production and consumption of primary. energy from 1996 to 2005 in China. Secondly; this paper founds an Energy Security Index System formed by six indices including the percentage of energy reserves, interlocal dependent degree, energy elasticity coefficient and so on. It subsequently calculates the weight of these indices with the factor analysis rating method Lastly, the paper evaluates and zones the abilities of energy security of 30 provinces in China with the grey chuster method According to their security; the 30 provinces are classified into three different levels： high, medium, and low levels. The regions at low energy security level include Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. They are mainly littoral and short of primary energy production while mostly dependent on other provinces. Those at medium energy security level include 15 provinces （cities or districts）, such as Liaoning, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Hunan and so on. These provinces are in the northeast, north, east of and central China. Those at high energy security level contain Shanxi. lnner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Chongqing, Sichuan, Shaanxi. Xinjiang. These provinces are the main primary energy production bases.展开更多
Land consolidation has a profound impact on landscape patterns and ecological functions at various scales through engineering and biological measures. In recent years, China invests more than 100 billion RMB yuan on l...Land consolidation has a profound impact on landscape patterns and ecological functions at various scales through engineering and biological measures. In recent years, China invests more than 100 billion RMB yuan on land consolidation each year. To under- stand how land consolidation affects landscape patterns and ecosystems, we investigated the ecosystem service value and the ecological connectivity in a consolidated area of Da＇an city from 2008 to 2014 using a revised ecological connectivity index. The results indicated that land consolidation has certain negative influences on the ecosystem services in this area. The total ecosystem service value will decrease by nearly 30% in the late stage of consolida- tion. This decrease is caused by the loss of ecosystem service of the wetland and grassland, despite a sensible increase of cultivated land. In addition, land consolidation could change the ecological connectivity as well as the land use structure. Up to 85% of the entire area will be in low connectivity in the late stage of consolidation, representing a 6.23% increase in the total coverage compared to pre-consolidation. Finally, the different connectivity landscape and their key areas can be identified by the revised ecological connectivity index effectively. This study is helpful to trace out the relationships between landscape pattern and ecological process, and provides insights for ecological planning and designing of land consolidation in this area. We suggest that more attentions should be paid to improve the quality and eco- system service value per unit area of the landscape, to establish ecological compensation mechanism of wetland losses, and to create the ecological corridors along the least accu- mulated impendence surface in the key areas during land consolidation.展开更多
As a complex social ecosystem network,the area along the Grand Canal has a prominent contradiction between the demand for economic development and the protection of natural resources,which means that there is an urgen...As a complex social ecosystem network,the area along the Grand Canal has a prominent contradiction between the demand for economic development and the protection of natural resources,which means that there is an urgent need for ecological restoration and environmental protection.Using ArcGIS,Conefor,Linkage Mapper and other software platforms,this paper developed an integrated analysis framework,through loose coupling of the attribute-function-structure index system and a series of methods such as the least cost path,circuit theory and moving window search.Based on the framework,we resolve a series of scientific issues in developing regional ecological networks,such as the selection of ecological sources,the simulation of potential ecological corridors,the assessment of the importance of ecological sources and corridors,and the identification of key ecological nodes.Moreover,an overall conservation pattern of the regional ecological network is constructed.The results show that:1)A total of 88 important ecological sources are identified in the study area.The patches with high centrality values are mainly concentrated in the southern mountainous area and the areas with abundant rivers and lakes.2)A total of 138 important ecological corridors are identified,and they are not evenly distributed.Extremely important corridors mostly appear between important patches,and very important corridors are mainly distributed in the central area.3)Fifteen ecological pinch points are extracted,and they are mainly concentrated in the northern part of the study area and eastern Zhejiang Province.The barriers are mostly concentrated in the southern and northern parts of the study area.4)Combining the demands of ecological protection and socioeconomic development,we propose an overall ecological conservation pattern of"one axis,five sections,multiple cores and multiple nodes"to effectively guide future ecological restoration work.These results can provide a useful reference and spatial guidance for decision makers in terms of ecological restoration and cooperation on cross-regional ecological protection along the Grand Canal.展开更多
基金the National Key Technology R&D Program of China – the Key Tech-nology and Demonstration for Integrated Governance of Energy and Water Resources Security Risk (Grant No. 2006BAD20B06)
文摘As a result of more and more serious energy risks, the study of national energy security zoning is not only the basic requirement of energy risk management but also the new demand of economic development for the energy industry. Firstly, this paper analyzes the basic situation of energy resources and production and consumption of primary. energy from 1996 to 2005 in China. Secondly; this paper founds an Energy Security Index System formed by six indices including the percentage of energy reserves, interlocal dependent degree, energy elasticity coefficient and so on. It subsequently calculates the weight of these indices with the factor analysis rating method Lastly, the paper evaluates and zones the abilities of energy security of 30 provinces in China with the grey chuster method According to their security; the 30 provinces are classified into three different levels： high, medium, and low levels. The regions at low energy security level include Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. They are mainly littoral and short of primary energy production while mostly dependent on other provinces. Those at medium energy security level include 15 provinces （cities or districts）, such as Liaoning, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Hunan and so on. These provinces are in the northeast, north, east of and central China. Those at high energy security level contain Shanxi. lnner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Chongqing, Sichuan, Shaanxi. Xinjiang. These provinces are the main primary energy production bases.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41171152
文摘Land consolidation has a profound impact on landscape patterns and ecological functions at various scales through engineering and biological measures. In recent years, China invests more than 100 billion RMB yuan on land consolidation each year. To under- stand how land consolidation affects landscape patterns and ecosystems, we investigated the ecosystem service value and the ecological connectivity in a consolidated area of Da＇an city from 2008 to 2014 using a revised ecological connectivity index. The results indicated that land consolidation has certain negative influences on the ecosystem services in this area. The total ecosystem service value will decrease by nearly 30% in the late stage of consolida- tion. This decrease is caused by the loss of ecosystem service of the wetland and grassland, despite a sensible increase of cultivated land. In addition, land consolidation could change the ecological connectivity as well as the land use structure. Up to 85% of the entire area will be in low connectivity in the late stage of consolidation, representing a 6.23% increase in the total coverage compared to pre-consolidation. Finally, the different connectivity landscape and their key areas can be identified by the revised ecological connectivity index effectively. This study is helpful to trace out the relationships between landscape pattern and ecological process, and provides insights for ecological planning and designing of land consolidation in this area. We suggest that more attentions should be paid to improve the quality and eco- system service value per unit area of the landscape, to establish ecological compensation mechanism of wetland losses, and to create the ecological corridors along the least accu- mulated impendence surface in the key areas during land consolidation.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(51478217)。
文摘As a complex social ecosystem network,the area along the Grand Canal has a prominent contradiction between the demand for economic development and the protection of natural resources,which means that there is an urgent need for ecological restoration and environmental protection.Using ArcGIS,Conefor,Linkage Mapper and other software platforms,this paper developed an integrated analysis framework,through loose coupling of the attribute-function-structure index system and a series of methods such as the least cost path,circuit theory and moving window search.Based on the framework,we resolve a series of scientific issues in developing regional ecological networks,such as the selection of ecological sources,the simulation of potential ecological corridors,the assessment of the importance of ecological sources and corridors,and the identification of key ecological nodes.Moreover,an overall conservation pattern of the regional ecological network is constructed.The results show that:1)A total of 88 important ecological sources are identified in the study area.The patches with high centrality values are mainly concentrated in the southern mountainous area and the areas with abundant rivers and lakes.2)A total of 138 important ecological corridors are identified,and they are not evenly distributed.Extremely important corridors mostly appear between important patches,and very important corridors are mainly distributed in the central area.3)Fifteen ecological pinch points are extracted,and they are mainly concentrated in the northern part of the study area and eastern Zhejiang Province.The barriers are mostly concentrated in the southern and northern parts of the study area.4)Combining the demands of ecological protection and socioeconomic development,we propose an overall ecological conservation pattern of"one axis,five sections,multiple cores and multiple nodes"to effectively guide future ecological restoration work.These results can provide a useful reference and spatial guidance for decision makers in terms of ecological restoration and cooperation on cross-regional ecological protection along the Grand Canal.
