生物质“热溶富碳”(Thermal Dissolution based Carbon Enrichment,TDCE)是利用非/弱极性有机溶剂在温和条件(350℃、氮气氛围)下对木质纤维素类生物质废弃物进行热萃取,经过一系列脱氧和芳构化反应,获得的目标固体产物Soluble和Deposi...生物质“热溶富碳”(Thermal Dissolution based Carbon Enrichment,TDCE)是利用非/弱极性有机溶剂在温和条件(350℃、氮气氛围)下对木质纤维素类生物质废弃物进行热萃取,经过一系列脱氧和芳构化反应,获得的目标固体产物Soluble和Deposit具有无水、无灰、高热值等优点,同时该技术还具有溶剂不参与化学反应,可回收循环利用的优势。因此,热溶富碳是实现生物质能源转化的有效途径之一。本综述首先介绍了目前生物质利用的各类方式;然后重点综述了生物质热溶富碳影响因素、反应机理以及产物利用途径。在“碳中和”的国家战略背景下,生物质热溶富碳技术具有较明显的经济价值和社会意义。展开更多
低阶煤的热溶萃取提质是利用溶剂在温和条件下对低阶煤进行热萃取,通过对原煤的脱水与多级分离,可得到无水、无灰、高热值与良好热塑性的萃取产物与低水分的萃余煤。同时萃取产物在配煤炼焦、高级燃料及炭材料制备等多个领域均具有实际...低阶煤的热溶萃取提质是利用溶剂在温和条件下对低阶煤进行热萃取,通过对原煤的脱水与多级分离,可得到无水、无灰、高热值与良好热塑性的萃取产物与低水分的萃余煤。同时萃取产物在配煤炼焦、高级燃料及炭材料制备等多个领域均具有实际应用优势,拥有较高的附加值,并且该技术中溶剂具备可循环利用的优势。因此,热萃取提质是实现低阶煤分级分质转化利用的有效途径之一。本综述首先介绍了现有各类低阶煤提质处理方式;然后梳理了热溶萃取提质发展脉络,重点综述了低阶煤热溶萃取提质的各类影响因素、反应机理、现有工艺以及产物的利用途径;最后利用“Web of Science核心合集”作为数据源,使用CiteSpace科学计量软件刻画了煤溶剂萃取的知识图谱,通过对研究主题进行分析,总结研究方向并预测研究热点,为低阶煤热溶萃取提质研究提供一定的参考价值。综合分析表明:新型低成本绿色溶剂的选取、萃取产物结构表征及高值利用等领域具有较高的研究趋势,同时需要对萃取机理及萃取物特性定向调控开展深入研究,进一步推动工艺规模化生产进程。展开更多
Understanding the genetic basis of quality-related traits contributes to the improvement of grain protein concentration(GPC),grain starch concentration(GSC),and wet gluten concentration(WGC)in wheat.In this study,a ge...Understanding the genetic basis of quality-related traits contributes to the improvement of grain protein concentration(GPC),grain starch concentration(GSC),and wet gluten concentration(WGC)in wheat.In this study,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)based on a mixed linear model(MLM)was performed on 236 wheat accessions,including 160 cultivars and 76 landraces,using a 55K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array in multiple environments.A total of 12 stable QTL/SNPs that control different quality traits in this populations in at least two environments under stripe rust stress were identified.Among these 12,three,seven and two QTLs associated with GPC,GSC and WGC were characterized,respectively,and they were located on chromosomes(chr)1B,1D,2A,2B,2D,3B,3D,5D,and 7D with the phenotypic variation explained(PVE)ranging from 4.2 to 10.7%.Compared with the previously reported QTLs/genes,five QTLs(QGsc.sicau-1BL,QGsc.sicau-1DS,QGsc.sicau-2DL.1,QGsc.sicau-2DL.2,and QWgc.sicau-5DL)were potentially novel.KASP markers for the SNPs AX-108770574 and AX-108791420 on chr5D associated with wet gluten concentration were successfully developed.The phenotypes of the cultivars containing the A-allele in AX-108770574and the T-allele in AX-108791420 were extremely significantly(P<0.01)higher than those of the landraces containing the G-or C-allele with respect to the wet gluten concentration in each of the environments.The KASP markers developed and validated in this study could be utilized in molecular breeding aimed at improving the quality of wheat.展开更多
文摘生物质“热溶富碳”(Thermal Dissolution based Carbon Enrichment,TDCE)是利用非/弱极性有机溶剂在温和条件(350℃、氮气氛围)下对木质纤维素类生物质废弃物进行热萃取,经过一系列脱氧和芳构化反应,获得的目标固体产物Soluble和Deposit具有无水、无灰、高热值等优点,同时该技术还具有溶剂不参与化学反应,可回收循环利用的优势。因此,热溶富碳是实现生物质能源转化的有效途径之一。本综述首先介绍了目前生物质利用的各类方式;然后重点综述了生物质热溶富碳影响因素、反应机理以及产物利用途径。在“碳中和”的国家战略背景下,生物质热溶富碳技术具有较明显的经济价值和社会意义。
文摘低阶煤的热溶萃取提质是利用溶剂在温和条件下对低阶煤进行热萃取,通过对原煤的脱水与多级分离,可得到无水、无灰、高热值与良好热塑性的萃取产物与低水分的萃余煤。同时萃取产物在配煤炼焦、高级燃料及炭材料制备等多个领域均具有实际应用优势,拥有较高的附加值,并且该技术中溶剂具备可循环利用的优势。因此,热萃取提质是实现低阶煤分级分质转化利用的有效途径之一。本综述首先介绍了现有各类低阶煤提质处理方式;然后梳理了热溶萃取提质发展脉络,重点综述了低阶煤热溶萃取提质的各类影响因素、反应机理、现有工艺以及产物的利用途径;最后利用“Web of Science核心合集”作为数据源,使用CiteSpace科学计量软件刻画了煤溶剂萃取的知识图谱,通过对研究主题进行分析,总结研究方向并预测研究热点,为低阶煤热溶萃取提质研究提供一定的参考价值。综合分析表明:新型低成本绿色溶剂的选取、萃取产物结构表征及高值利用等领域具有较高的研究趋势,同时需要对萃取机理及萃取物特性定向调控开展深入研究,进一步推动工艺规模化生产进程。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0100900,2016YFD0102000 and 2016YFD0100100)the International Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchanges Programs of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province,China(2019YFH0063)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(2022ZDZX0014)。
文摘Understanding the genetic basis of quality-related traits contributes to the improvement of grain protein concentration(GPC),grain starch concentration(GSC),and wet gluten concentration(WGC)in wheat.In this study,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)based on a mixed linear model(MLM)was performed on 236 wheat accessions,including 160 cultivars and 76 landraces,using a 55K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array in multiple environments.A total of 12 stable QTL/SNPs that control different quality traits in this populations in at least two environments under stripe rust stress were identified.Among these 12,three,seven and two QTLs associated with GPC,GSC and WGC were characterized,respectively,and they were located on chromosomes(chr)1B,1D,2A,2B,2D,3B,3D,5D,and 7D with the phenotypic variation explained(PVE)ranging from 4.2 to 10.7%.Compared with the previously reported QTLs/genes,five QTLs(QGsc.sicau-1BL,QGsc.sicau-1DS,QGsc.sicau-2DL.1,QGsc.sicau-2DL.2,and QWgc.sicau-5DL)were potentially novel.KASP markers for the SNPs AX-108770574 and AX-108791420 on chr5D associated with wet gluten concentration were successfully developed.The phenotypes of the cultivars containing the A-allele in AX-108770574and the T-allele in AX-108791420 were extremely significantly(P<0.01)higher than those of the landraces containing the G-or C-allele with respect to the wet gluten concentration in each of the environments.The KASP markers developed and validated in this study could be utilized in molecular breeding aimed at improving the quality of wheat.
