2023年度数理科学部基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结了2023年国家自然科学基金委员会数理科学部的项目申请、同行评议和资助情况,并总结了科学基金的改革进展。

Prediction rule for estimating advanced colorectal neoplasm risk in average-risk populations in southern Jiangsu Province

Objective：The aim of this study was to establish the risk scoring system towards the advanced colorectal neoplasm （CN） risk in the average-risk populations in the southern Jiangsu Province,and to evaluate the screening efficacy.Methods：Totally 905 cases of the average-risk populations who received the colonoscopy were selected as the objective.The multivariate logistic regression analysis method was used to establish the scoring system towards the occurrence risk of the advanced tumor,and its screening efficacy was evaluated through the prediction consistency,distinguishing ability and screening accuracy.Results：The scoring system consisted of five variables,namely age,gender,coronary heart disease,egg intake and stool frequency.The results revealed that it had good prediction consistency （P=0.205） and distinguishing ability [the area under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was 0.75,with 95％ confidence interval （95％ CI） of 0.69-0.82].Thus,2.5 points was set as the screening cutoff value,and its sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 93.8 ％,47.6％,50.1％,9.1％,99.3％,1.79 and 0.13,respectively.Conclusions：The established scoring system had good screening efficacy,and can be used as the screening tool applying to the CN screening within the average-risk populations in the southern Jiangsu Province.

The vacA i1 genotype of Helicobacter pylori is associated with peptic ulcer and gastric cancer:A meta-analysis

There are two genotypes of the vacA intermediate region, il and i2; however, the association between the genotypes and gastroduodenal disease remains to be elucidated. The aim of this article was to investigate the interaction between the genotypes and H. py/ori-associated diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease （PUD） and gastric cancer. Methods： The meta-analysis was performed in Review Manager 4.2.2. Results： Eleven （ten articles and one abstract） met the inclusion criteria and were included. The il genotype increased the risk of PUD （OR = 1.70, 95% CI： 1.24-2.33, P 〈 0.001） and gastric cancer （OR = 3.90, 95% CI： 2.64-5.78, P 〈 0.001）. Sub-analysis showed that the il genotype was significantly associated with gastric ulcers （OR = 2.59, 95% CI： 1.05-6.35, P = 0.040）, but not with duodenal ulcers （OR = 1.04, 95% CI： 0.61-1.76, P = 0.90）. In addition, the association between the il genotype and PUD and GC existed in studies not only from Europe but also Asia, except for the association between the il genotype and PUD in Asian population. Conclusion： The vacA il genotype is associated with an increased risk of the development of peptic ulcer disease （mainly gastric ulcer） and gastric cancer. In geographical distribution, the association between the il genotype and PUD and GC existed in studies not only from Europe but also Asia, except for the association between the il genotype and PUD in Asian population.

2022年度数理科学部基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结了2022年国家自然科学基金委员会数理科学部的申请、同行评议和资助情况,报告了科学基金改革的进展,并在此基础上提出了下一年度科学基金评审工作的思考。

数理科学部关于加强科学问题凝练的探索与启示

深刻把握和推进国家自然科学基金加强科学问题凝练的系统性改革部署,对于完善科学基金管理水平,优化科技创新整体布局都具有重要意义。本文探讨了加强科学问题凝练在突出基金项目创新思想领域的重要作用,梳理了科学问题凝练的内涵和国外主要科学基金资助机构凝练科学问题的实践经验。在此基础上,介绍了国家自然科学基金委员会数学物理科学部紧扣中长期及“十四五”学科发展战略规划,面向科学前沿和重大需求凝练科学问题的具体措施,以及论证国家自然科学基金重大研究计划、专项项目群的实践与经验。最后对科学基金系统性改革,加强科学问题凝练等重点工作进行了展望并提出建议。