Blockchain-based Distributed Power Market Trading Mechanism

Distributed power market trading has the characteristics of large number of participants,scattered locations,small single trading scale,and point-to-point trading.The traditional centralized power trading model has the problems of large load,low efficiency,high cost,reliance on third parties and unreliable data.With the characteristics of decentralization and nontampering,blockchain can establish a point-to-point trusted trading environment and provide effective solutions to the above problems.Therefore,this paper proposed a distributed power market trading framework based on blockchain.In this framework,the distributed power supply characteristics and trading needs of each participant are analyzed,a complete distributed trading process based on blockchain is designed.In addition,we have studied the key technologies of distributed power market trading.With the goal of power service reputation and maximum revenue of distributed power providers,we have established a matching degree model,a distributed power market trading optimization model,and designed a smart contract-based power market trading optimization strategy and power trading settlement strategy.Finally,we designed experiments to verify the performance of the proposed framework.

Apelin aggravates the migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells via YAP1

Background:Apelin,an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR),is a secreted peptide involved in the development of various tumors.However,the relationship between apelin and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)is not quite clear.This study was designed to investigate the effect and mechanism of apelin on cell proliferation,migration and invasion of NSCLC cells.Methods:Twelve NSCLC specimens were collected for hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry analyses.Cell proliferation was examined by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)and cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound-healing and transwell assays.The subcellular location of yes associated protein 1(YAP1)in A549 cells was determined by immunofluorescence.The mRNA and protein levels in NSCLC tissues and cell lines were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot,respectively.Results:Apelin was upregulated in tumor tissues compared with the adjacent tissues.Apelin promoted proliferation,migration,and invasion of A549 and H460 cells,which was reversed by competitive apelin receptor(APJ)antagonist ML221.Additionally,apelin upregulated YAP1 expression,whereas silence of YAP1 by small interfering RNA(siRNA)attenuated apelin-induced cell proliferation,migration and invasion and suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression.Conclusion:Apelin promotes NSCLC cells proliferation,migration,and invasion by modulating YAP1 and might be a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.

Gaseous and Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Properties of Nanocrystalline Mg₂Ni-Type Alloys Prepared by Melt Spinning

A partial substitution of Ni by Cu has been carried out in order to improve the hydrogen storage characteristics of the Mg2Ni-type alloys. The nanocrystalline Mg20Ni10-xCux (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) alloys are synthesized by the melt-spinning technique. The structures of the as-cast and spun alloys have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The electrochemical performances were evaluated by an automatic galvanostatic system. The hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the alloys were determined by using an automatically controlled Sieverts apparatus. The results indicate that the substitution of Cu for Ni does not alter the major phase Mg2Ni. The Cu substitution significantly ameliorates the electrochemical hydrogen storage performances of alloys, involving both the discharge capacity and the cycle stability. The hydrogen absorption capacity of alloys has been observed to be first increase and then decrease with an increase in the Cu contents. However, the hydrogen desorption capacity of the alloys exhibit a monotonous growth with an increase in the Cu contents.

Ecological niche shifts affect the potential invasive risk of Phytolacca americana(Phytolaccaceae)in China

Background:Predicting the potential habitat of Phytolacca americana,a high-risk invasive species,can help provide a scientific basis for its quarantine and control strategies.Using the optimized MaxEnt model,we applied the latest climate data,CMIP6,to predict the distribution of potential risk zones and their change patterns for P.americana under current and future(SSP126,SSP245,SSP585)climate conditions,followed by invasion potential analysis.Results:The predictions of MaxEnt model based on R language optimization were highly accurate.A significantly high area of 0.8703 was observed for working characteristic curve(AUC value)of subject and the kappa value was 0.8074.Under the current climate conditions,the risk zones for P.americana were mainly distributed in Sichuan,Chongqing,Guizhou,Hunan,and Guangxi provinces.The contribution rate of each climatic factor of P.americana was calculated using the jackknife test.The four factors with the highest contribution rate included minimum temperature of coldest month(bio6,51.4%),the monthly mean diurnal temperature difference(bio2,27.9%),precipitation of the driest quarter(bio17,4.9%),and the warmest seasonal precipitation(bio12,4.3%).Conclusion:Under future climatic conditions,the change in the habitat pattern of P.americana generally showed a migration toward the Yangtze River Delta region and the southeastern coastal region of China.This migration exhibited an expansion trend,highlighting the strong future invasiveness of the species.Based on the predictions,targeted prevention and control strategies for areas with significant changes in P.americana were developed.Therefore,this study emphasizes the need of an integrated approach to effectively prevent the further spread of invasive plants.

Single phase A2B7-type La-Mg-Ni alloy with improved electrochemical properties prepared by melt-spinning and annealing

La-Mg-Ni alloys were prepared by melt-spinning with different cooling rates and followed by annealing.Elevation of the cooling rate leads to refinement of the grains size and increasing of the abundance of LaNis.Annealing is favorable to formation of the A2 B7-type phase and promotes the discharge capacity,cycling stability and high rate discharge ability of the as-spun alloys.Phase constitution of the annealed alloys is found to be closely related to the microstructure of the as-spun alloys.A single phase A2 B7-type microstructure is obtained in the annealed alloy which is attributed to the lower abundance of the LaNis of the original alloy spun with lower cooling rate.Formation of the single phase A2 B7-type microstructure is also ascribed to the isolated and homogeneous distribution of the morphology of the as-spun alloy.The single phase alloy presents higher discharge capacity and better cycling stability compared with other annealed alloys.

Genome-and transcriptome-wide association studies provide insights into the genetic basis of natural variation of seed oil content in Brassica napus

Seed oil content(SOC)is a highly important and complex trait in oil crops.Here,we decipher the genetic basis of natural variation in SOC of Brassica napus by genome-and transcriptome-wide association studies using 505 inbred lines.We mapped reliable quantitative trait loci(QTLs)that control SOC in eight environments,evaluated the effect of each QTL on SOC,and analyzed selection in QTL regions during breeding.Six-hundred and ninety-two genes and four gene modules significantly associated with SOC were identified by analyzing population transcriptomes from seeds.A gene prioritization framework,POCKET(prioritizing the candidate genes by incorporating information on knowledge-based gene sets,effects of variants,genome-wide association studies,and transcriptome-wide association studies),was implemented to determine the causal genes in the QTL regions based on multi-omic datasets.A pair of homologous genes,BnPMT6s,in two QTLs were identified and experimentally demonstrated to negatively regulate SOC.This study provides rich genetic resources for improving SOC and valuable insights toward understanding the complex machinery that directs oil accumulation in the seeds of B.napus and other oil crops.

Multi-stage sizing approach for development of utility-scale BESS considering dynamic growth of distributed photovoltaic connection

The battery energy storage system(BESS)is regarded as one of the most promising address operational challenges caused by distributed generations.This paper proposes a novel multi-stage sizing model for utility-scale BESS,to optimize the BESS development strategies for distribution networks with increasing penetration levels and growth patterns of dispersed photovoltaic(PV)panels.Particularly,an integrated model is established in order to accommodate dispersed PVs in short-term operation scale while facilitating appropriate profits in long-term planning scale.Clusterwise reduction is adopted to extract the most representative operating scenarios with PVs and BESS integration,which is able to decrease the computing complexity caused by scenario redundancy.The numerical studies on IEEE 69-bus distribution system verify the feasibility of the proposed multi-stage sizing approach for the utility-scale BESS.

TCP7 functions redundantly with several Class Ⅰ TCPs and regulates endoreplication in Arabidopsis

TCP(TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR) proteins, a family of plantspecific transcription factors, play important roles in many developmental processes. However, genetic and functional redundancy among class I TCP limits the analysis of their biological roles. Here, we identified a dominantnegative mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana TCP7 named leaf curling-upward(lcu), which exhibits smaller leaf cells and shorter hypocotyls than the wild type, due to defective endoreplication. A septuple loss-of-function mutant of TCP7, TCP8, TCP14, TCP15, TCP21, TCP22, and TCP23 displayed similar developmental defects to those of lcu.Genome-wide RNA-sequencing showed that lcu and the septuple mutant share many misexpressed genes.Intriguingly, TCP7 directly targets the CYCLIN D1;1 (CYCD1;1) locus and activates its transcription. We determined that the C-terminus of TCP7 accounts for its transcriptional activation activity. Furthermore, the mutant protein LCU exhibited reduced transcriptional activation activity due to the introduction of an EAR-like repressive domain at its C-terminus. Together, these observations indicate that TCP7 plays important roles during leaf and hypocotyl development, redundantly, with at least six class I TCPs, and regulates the expression of CYCD1;1 to affect endoreplication in Arabidopsis.

The variation of microstructures,spectral characteristics and catalysis effects of Fe^3+ and Zn^2+ co-doped CeO2 solid solutions

Fe^3+and Zn^2+ions were doped into the lattice of CeO2 via the hydrothermal method.The micro structure and spectra features were analyzed systemically.XRD results show that the solid solubility of Fe^3+and Zn^2+ions in Ce1-x(Fe0.5Zn0.5)xO2 can be identified as x=0.16.The cell volumes are decreased by increasing the doped content.The TEM graphs prove that the grain size of the sample is about 10 nm,and the EDS result indicates that the doped contents are in accordance with that of the theory concentrations.Meanwhile,the doping also causes the increasing concentrations of the defects and oxygen vacancies which are supported by the XPS,Raman,UV and PL characterizations.The samples exhibit better catalytic activities for improving the hydrogen storage properties and the electrochemical kinetics of the ball milled Mg2Ni based composites.Further,the catalysis effects are improved by increasing the doped contents,which can be ascribed to the increasing contents of the oxygen vacancies,defects,the special electron transition states and the nature of the doped ions in CeO2-based solid solutions.

Physicochemical properties and volatile components of pea flour fermented by Lactobacillus rhamnosus L08

Pea(Pisum sativum L.)is an important source of plant proteins.However,the use of pea flour as a food ingredient is greatly limited due to its strong beany flavor.In this work,we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus L08(L.rhamnosus L08)fermentation on the physicochemical characteristics,amino acids composition and volatile flavor compounds of pea flour.We found that L.rhamnosus L08 had the probiotic potential of utilizing pea flour as fermentation substrate.L.rhamnosus L08 fermentation significantly increased the content of most amino acids,and total amino acid content increased from 222.18 mg/g at 0 h to 262.35 mg/g at 6 h.A total of 44 volatile compounds were identified in pea flour.L.rhamnosus L08 fermentation increased the variety of acids and esters,while reduced the unpleasant flavor such as nonanal,decanal,octanal,1-hexanol and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol.The emulsifying stability and foam stability of pea flour were slightly enhanced during fermentation.Our results illustrate that lactic acid bacteria fermentation is a promising approach to eliminate undesirable aroma of pea flour.Moreover,this study provides theoretical support for the application of peas as high-quality protein source.

Electrochemical Performance of Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Mg–Nd–Ni–Cu-Based Mg_2Ni-type Alloy Electrodes Used in Ni-MH Batteries

Nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type（Mg24Ni10Cu2）100–xNdx（x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20） alloys were prepared by melt-spinning technology. The structures of as-cast and spun alloys were characterised by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Electrochemical performance of the alloy electrodes was measured using an automatic galvanostatic system. The electrochemical impedance spectra and Tafel polarisation curves of the alloy electrodes were plotted using an electrochemical work station. The hydrogen diffusion coefficients were calculated using the potential step method. Results indicate that all the as-cast alloys present a multiphase structure with Mg2 Ni type as the major phase with Mg6 Ni, Nd5Mg41 and Nd Ni as secondary phases. The secondary phases increased with the increasing Nd content. The as-spun Nd-free alloy exhibited nanocrystalline structure, whereas the as-spun Nd-doped alloys exhibited nanocrystalline and amorphous structures. These results suggest that adding Nd facilitates glass formation of Mg2Ni-type alloys. Melt spinning and Nd addition improved alloy electrochemical performance, which includes discharge potential characteristics, discharge capacity, electrochemical cycle stability and high-rate discharge ability.

lncRNA Gm20257 alleviates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by modulating the PGC-1α–mitochondrial complexⅣaxis

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy,a major contributor to heart failure,is closely linked to mitochondrial function.The roles of long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs),which regulate mitochondrial function,remain largely unexplored in this context.Herein,a previously unknown lncRNA,Gm20257,was identified.It markedly increased under hypertrophic stress in vivo and in vitro.The suppression of Gm20257 by using small interfering RNAs significantly induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Conversely,the overexpression of Gm20257 through plasmid transfection or adeno-associated viral vector-9 mitigated angiotensinⅡ-induced hypertrophic phenotypes in neonatal mouse ventricular cells or alleviated cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse TAC model respectively,thus restoring cardiac function.Importantly,Gm20257 restored mitochondrial complexⅣlevel and enhanced mitochondrial function.Bioinformatics prediction showed that Gm20257 had a high binding score with peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor coactivator-1(PGC-1α),which could increase mitochondrial complex IV.Subsequently,Western blot analysis results revealed that Gm20257 substantially affected the expression of PGC-1α.Further analyses through RNA immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting following RNA pull-down indicated that PGC-1αwas a direct downstream target of Gm20257.This interaction was demonstrated to rescue the reduction of mitochondrial complex IV induced by hypertrophic stress and promote the generation of mitochondrial ATP.These findings suggest that Gm20257 improves mitochondrial function through the PGC-1α-mitochondrial complexⅣaxis,offering a novel approach for attenuating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.