Efficient loading of cesium atoms in a magnetic levitated dimple trap

We report a detailed study of magnetically levitated loading of ultracold ^(133)Cs atoms in a dimple trap.The atomic sample was produced in a combined red-detuned optical dipole trap and dimple trap formed by two small waist beams crossing a horizontal plane.The magnetic levitation for the ^(133)Cs atoms forms an effective potential for a large number of atoms in a high spatial density.Dependence of the number of atoms loaded and trapped in the dimple trap on the magnetic field gradient and bias field is in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.This method has been widely used to obtain the Bose–Einstein condensation atoms for many atomic species.

Temporal Dynamics and Performance Association of the Tetrasphaera-Enriched Microbiome for Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal

Tetrasphaera have been recently identified based on the 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)gene as among the most abundant polyphosphate-accumulating organisms(PAOs)in global full-scale wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)with enhanced biological phosphorus removal(EBPR).However,it is unclear how Tetrasphaera PAOs are selectively enriched in the context of the EBPR microbiome.In this study,an EBPR microbiome enriched with Tetrasphaera(accounting for 40%of 16S sequences on day 113)was built using a top-down design approach featuring multicarbon sources and a low dosage of allylthiourea.The microbiome showed enhanced nutrient removal(phosphorus removal~85%and nitrogen removal~80%)and increased phosphorus recovery(up to 23.2 times)compared with the seeding activated sludge from a local full-scale WWTP.The supply of 1 mg·L^(-1)allylthiourea promoted the coselection of Tetrasphaera PAOs and Microlunatus PAOs and sharply reduced the relative abundance of both ammonia oxidizer Nitrosomonas and putative competitors Brevundimonas and Paracoccus,facilitating the establishment of the EBPR microbiome.Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis,a putative novel PAO species,EBPR-ASV0001,was identified with Tetrasphaera japonica as its closest relative.This study provides new knowledge on the establishment of a Tetrasphaera-enriched microbiome facilitated by allylthiourea,which can be further exploited to guide future process upgrading and optimization to achieve and/or enhance simultaneous biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal from high-strength wastewater.

Heterogeneously-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of furfural to furancarboxylic acid with CuO-Promoted MnO_(2)

A cost-effective and sustainable noble-metal free catalyst system based on ubiquitously available Mn-Cu bimetallic oxides was served as efficient catalysts for furfural selective oxidation to furancarboxylic acid(FA). Interestingly, Mn_(2)Cu_(1)O_(x)exhibited an excellent furfural conversion of 99% with quantitative selectivity toward FA. Especially, we demonstrate the significant weakening of the Mn-O bonds with the incorporation of CuO into the Mn-Cu oxides, resulting in an improved OLreactivity of Mn_(2)Cu_(1)O_(x), which brings about a higher catalytic activity for furfural oxidation. More importantly, Mn_(2)Cu_(1)O_(x)could exhibit YFA>90% over 5 cycles of reusability test. Through this study, the relationship between the morphology, surface chemistry, and catalytic activity of Mn-Cu bimetallic oxides are elucidated, providing a simple and environmentally friendly catalytic strategy and scientific basis for the development of Mn-Cu bimetallic oxides bioderived molecular aerobic oxidation materials.

The impact of low ambient temperature on cardiovascular health

Extreme weather events and climate change have witnessed a substantial increase in recent years,leading to heightened concerns.The rise in abnormal ambient temperatures,both in intensity and frequency,directly and indirectly impacts cardiovascular health.While the impact of high ambient temperatures on cardiovascular response is a common concern in the context of global warming,the significance of low temperatures cannot be overlooked.The challenges posed by low temperatures contribute to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,posing a significant threat to global public health.This review aims to provide an overview of the relationship between low ambient temperature and cardiovascular health,encompassing the burden of cardiovascular outcomes and underlying mechanisms.Additionally,the review explores strategies for cold adaptation and cardioprotection.We posit that to optimize cold adaptation strategies,future research should delve deeper into the underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular health in response to low ambient temperature exposure.

Evaluation of ASTER GDEM in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau in gravity reduction

In this paper, we first transferred the normal height of ASTER GDEM v2 to GPS ellipsoidal height based on the EGM96, and analyzed the precision of this digital elevation model in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau （NETP） combining with 89 ground GPS measurements. The results demonstrate that the standard deviation of the difference between ASTER GDEM and GPS results is 9.3 m, and the precision of ASTER GDEM in this region is approximately 10 m. We also calculated the free-air gravity anomalies using the relative gravity data and DEM model in NETP. The results show that the gravity anomalies are generally negative with local positive values, ranging from -156 to 43 reGal （10-5 m/s2）. At last, we compared the EGM2008 free-air gravity anomalies （FGAs） with the ground gravity measurements, and their spatial patterns are similar. While the point-to-point difference between the modeling and measuring results shows great discrepancy. The free-air gravity anomalies of EGM2008 in this region range from -154 to 96 mGal, and the difference between EGM2008 and the ground measurements ranges from -102 to 50 regal. The mean difference is -17.34 mGal, and the standard deviation is 46.69 mGal, which demonstrates that the EGM2008 has poor precision in the northeastern margin of Tibet Plateau.

MOF(ZM)/Potassium Citrate-Derived Composite Porous Carbon and Its Electrochemical Properties

Metal-organic frameworks are compounds with a reticulated skeletal structure formed by chemically bonding inorganic and organic units that are widely used in many fields, such as photocatalysis, gas separation and energy storage, because of their unique structures. In this paper, we prepared a metal-organic framework [(μ2-2-methylimidazolyl)12-Zn(ii)6-H18O10]n(ZM) with well-developed pores and high specific surface area of MOFs by the solution method. And MOF-derived porous carbon was prepared by the direct charring method in an argon atmosphere using a mixture of ZM, ZM and potassium citrate as carbon precursors. Characterization analysis revealed that the maximum specific surface area of ZMPC-800-1:15 was 2014.97 m2⋅g−1, and the pore size structure was mainly mesoporous. At a current density of 1.0 A⋅g−1 the specific capacitance of ZMC-800 and ZMPC-800-1:15 was 121.3 F⋅g−1 and 226.6 F⋅g−1, respectively, with a substantial increase of 86.8%. The specific capacitance of ZMPC-800-1:15 decays to 168.8 F⋅g−1, with a decay rate of 25.5%, when the current density increases to 10.0 A⋅g−1. After 5000 constant current charge/ discharge cycles, the capacitance retention rate was still 96.41%. These results prove that the application of MOF-derived carbon materials in future supercapacitors is very promising.

紫外光引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚制备相变调温织物及其性能

采用紫外光原位聚合法,在纺织品上制备以正十四醇为芯材,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物为壁材的相变调温织物。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、光量热差示扫描量热仪、热重分析仪、精密温度记录仪研究相变调温织物的表面形貌、热性能和调温性能。研究结果表明,当乳化速度为2500 r/min时,共聚物以成膜形式将正十四醇包覆在织物纤维表面,均匀分布在纤维中。测试结果表明,该调温织物的相变调温范围在22～34℃和36～42℃,相变潜热达到17. 24J/g;经70℃加热30 min处理未发生明显泄露,且分解温度比正十四醇提高了20℃左右,热稳定性较好,降温曲线表明具有较好的相变调温性能。

食管癌微创McKeown术后胸腔胃和纵隔胃的形成对心肺并发症的影响

目的:探讨食管癌患者经微创McKeown术后胸腔胃和纵隔胃的形成对心肺并发症的影响及其机制。方法:采用回顾性队列研究方法,选取2017年12月至2020年9月郑州大学第一附属医院行微创McKeown手术的697例食管癌患者,根据术后复查胸部CT的影像资料,分为胸腔胃(管状胃部分或全部位于胸腔内)和纵隔胃(管状胃位于后纵隔食管床内)两组。通过对比分析两组的一般临床特征、手术相关变量及术后心肺并发症的发病率,探讨行微创McKeown术后两种管状胃位置的形成机制及其与心肺并发症的关系。结果:对比两组手术变量,纵隔胃组的胃切除面积方面大于胸腔胃组[(65.7±38.2)cm2 vs.(55.0±31.7)cm2,P<0.001],管状胃宽度[(3.3±0.7)cm vs.(4.1±1.1)cm,P<0.001]和胃胸比(管状胃宽度和胸腔宽度的比值)[(0.30±0.1)vs.(0.39±0.1),P<0.001]均为纵隔胃组小于胸腔胃组。对比两组术后并发症,肺不张(36.0%vs. 54.2%,P<0.001)、胸腔积液(40.7%vs. 53.8%,P=0.001)和心血管并发症(16.0%vs. 22.3%,P=0.042)的发病率纵隔胃组较胸腔胃组低,而气胸、皮下积气、呼吸衰竭、吻合口瘘及吻合口狭窄的发病率和一般临床特征两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:行食管癌微创McKeown手术时,纵隔胃的形成可以降低肺不张、胸腔积液和心血管并发症的发病率,胃切除面积与两种管状胃的形成有关,当胃切除面积较大时更易形成纵隔胃。

不同机制所致的血管紊乱化生长的共同干预——安罗替尼治疗右肺鳞癌合并血栓闭塞性脉管炎1例

背景与目的肺目前为止血栓闭塞性脉管炎(thromboangiitis obliterans,TAO,又称Buerger disease)仍无理想的治疗方法。安罗替尼作为三线药物,指南推荐用于二线治疗后复发或进展的晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者。分析1例右肺鳞癌合并血栓闭塞性脉管炎的治疗困境及疗效评价,为两种疾病的治疗提供新的思路。方法回顾性分析了上海交通大学附属第一人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科2018年8月收治的1例右肺鳞癌合并血栓闭塞性脉管炎的诊断、治疗过程,并文献复习。结果患者男性,73岁,因"咳嗽、咳痰5月"入院。查体双下肢色素沉着伴足背动脉搏动减弱。既往有吸烟史,可疑血管性间歇性跛行并游走性静脉炎一年余。胸部计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)提示右上肺肿瘤伴阻塞性肺炎,气管镜活检证实为鳞癌;B超提示双上肢及双下肢多发动脉闭塞,下肢深静脉血栓。诊断考虑:右肺鳞癌(T4N2M0,Ⅲb期),体力状况(performance status,PS)评分2分;肺部感染;血栓闭塞性脉管炎。患者外周穿刺置入中心静脉导管(peripherallyinsertedcentral catheter,PICC)和静脉输液岗植入术均失败,无法进行化疗。结合文献检索,考虑TAO也可能存在血管内皮细胞生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)信号通路紊乱,选择安罗替尼(12 mg qd po)治疗。患者耐受性良好,随访14个月,肺部病变持续空洞化并缩小,同时血栓闭塞性脉管炎好转。结论该患者罹患鳞癌合并TAO,安罗替尼治疗可有效控制肺癌增长,同时改善TAO相关症状。安罗替尼可能通过阻断VEGF信号通路,纠正紊乱化生长的血管,而不仅仅是抑制血管生成。

十二酸十二酯/复合聚乙烯醇调温电纺纤维的制备及性能

为改善聚乙烯醇(PVA)对相变材料十二酸十二酯(PCM)的包封稳定性与力学性能,以经戊二醛交联改性的复合分子量共混PVA作为支撑材料、以十二酸十二酯作为相变材料,采用乳液静电纺丝技术制备了PCM/PVA蓄热调温纤维。采用旋转流变仪、扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪、温度记录仪、热红外成像仪、多功能拉伸仪等研究了O/W型PCM/PVA纺丝液的组成及电纺纤维的表面形貌、储热性能、调温性能和力学性能等。研究结果表明,以不同相对分子质量的PVA_(1)和PVA_(2)共混制备复合PVA,当PVA_(1)与PVA_(2)质量比为3:7,PVA质量分数为14.0%,PCM与PVA质量比为50∶100时,PCM/PVA纺丝液具有良好的稳定性和可纺性。电纺PCM/PVA纤维具有良好的蓄热调温性、热循环稳定性、耐水稳定性和力学性能,热处理后PCM/PVA电纺纤维中的PCM几乎无泄露。

Gravity variations before the Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake

In order to study the relationship between gravity variation and Menyuan Ms6.4 earth- quake, gravity variation characteristics in mid-eastern of Qilian Mountain were analyzed based on the 2012-2015 relative gravity datasets. The results indicated that the gravity changes in mid-eastern of Qilian Mountain increased gradually, while gravity changes around Menyuan remarkably. Besides, great positive-negative gravity changing gradients appeared along the Lengiongling Fault which was located at the north of Menyuan, and the 2016 Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake occurred near the junction of positive and negative gravity changes.

Development and prospect of mobile gravity monitoring and earthquake forecasting in recent ten years in China

After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008,China Earthquake Administration has strengthened the monitoring of mobile gravity and earthquake forecasting.This paper mainly analyzes the development of mobile gravity monitoring network of China in 2008,the role of time-varying gravity field in the determination of strong earthquake risk and the technical problems that gravity monitoring still needs to be solved.By analysing the mobile gravity monitoring and earthquake prediction in China,the characteristics of gravity anomaly and three elements of earthquake prediction are discussed.The mobile gravity observation data can better reflect the gravity anomalies before the earthquake,especially the strong earthquakes greater than Ms6.0.Finally,we put forward the reconsideration of the development strategy of mobile gravity monitoring and earthquake forecasting in China.

Gravity changes and crustal deformations before the Menyuan,Qinghai Ms6.4 earthquake of 2016

In this study, the relative gravity data(2012 e2015), GPS data-derived horizontal deformation(2011 e2014) and the background vertical deformation from the leveling measurements(1970 e2011) in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau were processed to systematically analysis the mechanism of temporalespatial patterns and the relationship with Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake. It can be summarized in the following: 1) The regional gravity changes, the GPS and the vertical deformational showed an intense spatial relationship: the gravity increased along with the direction of horizontal movement, and decreased with the crustal uplift and vice versa, which reflected the inherited characteristics of geotectonic activities. 2) The crustal deformations were closely related to the active faults. The contour lines of gravity changes and vertical deformation were generally along with the Qilian-Haiyuan fault(strike is NWW), and the crustal horizontal deformation showed left-lateral strike slip motion near the Qilian-Haiyuan fault. 3) Menyuan Ms6.4 earthquake occurred in the high negative gravity variation area and a high gradient formed in regions, positive and negative variation of gravity amount to 110 m Gal.Specifically, a borderline of positive and negative gravity located in the south of epicenter along the north edge of Qilianshan fault and Lenglongling fault, as well as the vertical and/or horizontal deformation is intensely. The extrusion deformation, surface compression rate and gravity changes were obvious near the epicenter of 2016 Menyuan Earthquake.

Hot Deformation Characteristics for a Nickel-base Superalloy GH742y

The hot deformation characteristics of as-cast nickel-base superalloy GH742y after hot isostatic pressing （HIP）（hereafter referred to as-cast alloy） have been investigated by hot compression tests in the temperature range of 1050 to 1140℃, strain rate range of 0.01 s^-1 to 10 s^-1 and strain range of 35% to 50% by means of Gleeble-3500 thermal mechanical simulator. The results show that the as-cast alloy exhibits the poor deformability, and shows wedge-shaped cracking beyond the strain of 35%. At strain rates less than 1.0 s^-1, the stress-strain curves exhibit nearly steady-state behavior, while at strain rate of 10 s^-1, a yield drop and serrated yielding occur. The activation energy values developed on the basis of the experimental data are divided into three domains. The first domain appears at lower strain rate （≤1.0 s^-1） and lower temperature （≤1080℃）, with the lowest mean value of activation energy about 261.4 kJ/mol. The second domain appears at the same strain rate as the first domain, but higher temperature （〉1080℃）, with the intermediate mean value of activation energy about 328.8 k J/tool. The third domain appears at higher strain rate （10 s^-1） and temperature range of 1050 to 1140℃, with the largest mean value of activation energy about 605.05 kJ/mol. Three different constitutive equations are established in corresponding to domains. Microstructural observations in the third domain reveal non-uniform dynamic recrystallization （DRX） of homogeneous γ phase, which leads to the poor deformability and the highest Q value. In contrast, microstructures in the first domain show fully DRX of homogeneous γ phase, leading to the better deformability and the lowest Q value. It is noted that the grain size increases with the increment of strain rate or temperature. These results suggest that bulk metal working of this material may be carried out in the first domain where fully DRX of γ homogeneous occurred.

Robust Core Tensor Dictionary Learning with Modified Gaussian Mixture Model for Multispectral Image Restoration

The multispectral remote sensing image(MS-RSI)is degraded existing multi-spectral camera due to various hardware limitations.In this paper,we propose a novel core tensor dictionary learning approach with the robust modified Gaussian mixture model for MS-RSI restoration.First,the multispectral patch is modeled by three-order tensor and high-order singular value decomposition is applied to the tensor.Then the task of MS-RSI restoration is formulated as a minimum sparse core tensor estimation problem.To improve the accuracy of core tensor coding,the core tensor estimation based on the robust modified Gaussian mixture model is introduced into the proposed model by exploiting the sparse distribution prior in image.When applied to MS-RSI restoration,our experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm can better reconstruct the sharpness of the image textures and can outperform several existing state-of-the-art multispectral image restoration methods in both subjective image quality and visual perception.

Enabling QoE-aware Mobile Cloud Video Recording over Roadside Vehicular Networks

Most of previous video recording devices in mobile vehicles commonly store captured video contents locally. With the rapid development of 4G/Wi Fi networks, there emerges a new trend to equip video recording devices with wireless interfaces to enable video uploading to the cloud for video playback in a later time point. In this paper, we propose a QoE-aware mobile cloud video recording scheme in the roadside vehicular networks, which can adaptively select the proper wireless interface and video bitrate for video uploading to the cloud. To maximize the total utility, we need to design a control strategy to carefully balance the transmission cost and the achieved QoE for users. To this purpose, we investigate the tradeoff between cost incurred by uploading through cellular networks and the achieved QoE of users. We apply the optimization framework to solve the formulated problem and design an online scheduling algorithm. We also conduct extensive trace-driven simulations and our results show that our algorithm achieves a good balance between the transmission cost and user QoE.

Design of Network Cascade Structure for Image Super-Resolution

Image super resolution is an important field of computer research.The current mainstream image super-resolution technology is to use deep learning to mine the deeper features of the image,and then use it for image restoration.However,most of these models mentioned above only trained the images in a specific scale and do not consider the relationships between different scales of images.In order to utilize the information of images at different scales,we design a cascade network structure and cascaded super-resolution convolutional neural networks.This network contains three cascaded FSRCNNs.Due to each sub FSRCNN can process a specific scale image,our network can simultaneously exploit three scale images,and can also use the information of three different scales of images.Experiments on multiple datasets confirmed that the proposed network can achieve better performance for image SR.

Structural characteristics of the basement and the prospective of favorable oil and gas blocks in the Tacheng basin

The Tacheng basin has been identified as a Carboniferous basement with a central uplift, sur- rounded by orogenic belts. This identification was based on the comprehensive analysis of field outcrops, regional magnetic and gravimetric data, skeleton seismic profiles, magnetotelluric profiles and drilling data. Here, we present gravimetric and magnetic data analyses of the basement structures of the Tacheng basin and its base formation. We also provide a magnetotelluric profile analysis of the structural features and tectonic framework of basin-mountain patterns. We use local geology, drilling data, and other comprehensive information to document the tectonic framework of the basement of the basin. Small-scale nappe structures are found in the northern basin, whereas stronger and more pronounced thrusting structures are found to the south and east of the basin. The basin is divided into four first-order tectonic units： a central uplift, a northern depression, a southeastern depression and a western depression. In addition, the Emin sag is suggested as a possible reservoir for oil and gas.

Global cold-chain related SARS-CoV-2 transmission identified by pandemic-scale phylogenomics

DEAR EDITOR,The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a tremendous threat to human society. SARS-CoV-2is airborne and transmits primarily through social contact;however, whether cold chain-related transmission has occurred remains highly debated(Han & Liu, 2022;Lewis,2021;Ma et al., 2021;Mallapaty et al., 2021;Pang et al.,2020;Wu et al., 2021). Here, we present a novel method and identify two transmission routes based on lineage-specific reductions in the SARS-CoV-2 evolutionary rate.

Sol-gel derived bioactive hydroxyapatite/titania composite films on Ti6Al4V

The composite films consisting of the titania gel impregnated with hydroxyapatite （HAP） submicron particles were prepared on commercial Ti6A14V plates processed by a sol-gel route. HAP powders were synthesized based on wet chemical precipitation method with Ca（NO3）2.4H2O and （NH4）2HPO4 as starting reagents. After being calcined at 900℃, HAP powders were ultrasonically scattered in ethanol to produce HAP sol. The titania sol was prepared using titanium （IV） isopropoxide {Ti[OCH（CH3）2]4} as precursor. Both the titania sol and the HAP/titania mixture were sequentially spin-coated on the substrates and calcined at various temperatures. The characteristics and mechanical adhesion of the composite films were investigated. The results show that the as-prepared films are dense, homogeneous, well-crystallized, and there is a good interfacial adhesion between the film and the substrate. The in vitro bioactivities of these films were discussed based on the analysis of the variations of Ca and P concentrations in the simulated body fluid and their surface morphologies against immersion time.