Slip distribution inversion of seismic sub-fault dip iteration using gradient based optimizer algorithm

This paper considers setting different dips for different sub-faults to fit the actual rupture situation based on the fault rupture of the 2013 Lushan M_(S)7.0 earthquake.Meanwhile,combined with the coseismic GNSS data of the Lushan earthquake,the source parameters and sliding distribution of the Lushan earthquake fault are inversed.Firstly,we use the gradient based optimizer(GBO)in nonlinear inversion to obtain the source parameters of this seismic fault.The inversion results indicate that the strike of the fault is 206.52°,the dip is 44.10°,the length is 21.92 km,and the depth is 12.79 km.To refine the sliding distribution of the seismic fault,the seismic fault is divided into 3×3 sub-faults.Then,we fix the central sub-fault dip of 44.10°;the dip of other sub-faults is obtained by iteration.After that,the model is further divided into a fault layer model composed of 23×19 sub fault slices,and using the Matlab fitting function is used to fit the dip of the 23×19 sub faults.Finally,the Lushan seismic fault plane is established as a shovel structure with steep upper and gentle lower,steep south and gentle north.The slip distribution inversion results indicate that the depth of the slip peak is 13 km,the corresponding maximum slip momentum is 0.67 m,the seismic moment is 1.10×10^(19)N·m and the corresponding moment magnitude is MW6.66.The results above are consistent with the research results of seismology.

Mott Gap Filling by Doping Electrons through Depositing One Sub-Monolayer Thin Film of Rb on Ca_(2)CuO_(2)Cl_(2)

Understanding the doping evolution from a Mott insulator to a superconductor probably holds the key to resolve the mystery of unconventional superconductivity in copper oxides. To elucidate the evolution of the electronic state starting from the Mott insulator, we dose the surface of the parent phase Ca_(2)CuO_(2)Cl_(2) by depositing Rb atoms, which are supposed to donate electrons to the CuO_(2) planes underneath. We successfully achieved the Rb sub-monolayer thin films in forming the square lattice. The scanning tunneling microscopy or spectroscopy measurements on the surface show that the Fermi energy is pinned within the Mott gap but close to the edge of the charge transfer band. In addition, an in-gap state appears at the bottom of the upper Hubbard band(UHB), and the Mott gap will be significantly diminished. Combined with the Cl defect and the Rb adatom/cluster results, the electron doping is likely to increase the spectra weight of the UHB for the double occupancy. Our results provide information to understand the electron doping to the parent compound of cuprates.

A Study on the Utilization of Applied Linguistics in Contemporary English Teaching

In the context of globalization,the importance of teaching English as a common language in the world becomes increasingly apparent.Applied Linguistics belongs to one of the sub-disciplines of linguistics,which plays an important role in contemporary English teaching.The knowledge of applied linguistics can help students learn the grammar,semantics,vocabulary,writing,and other contents in English,deepen their knowledge and understanding of English,and enhance the effectiveness of English teaching.This paper mainly describes the important role played by English linguistics in English teaching and focuses on its utilization strategies in the hope of providing references on this topic.

Circulating copeptin level and the clinical prognosis of patients with chronic liver disease

BACKGROUND The relationship between copeptin and the severity of circulatory dysfunction and systemic stress response in patients with chronic liver disease(CLD)has been established.Nevertheless,the potential of serum copeptin levels to predict the prognosis of CLD patients remains unclear.AIM To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the correlation between serum copeptin and transplant-free survival(TFS)in this population.METHODS To achieve the objective of the meta-analysis,PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,and the Web of Science were searched to identify observational studies with longitudinal follow-up.The Cochrane Q test was utilized to assess betweenstudy heterogeneity,and the I2 statistic was estimated.Random-effects models were employed to combine the outcomes,taking into account the potential influence of heterogeneity.RESULTS Ten datasets including 3133 patients were involved.The follow-up durations were 1 to 48 mo(mean:12.5 mo).Overall,it was shown that a high level of serum copeptin was associated with a poor TFS[risk ratio(RR):1.82,95%confidence interval:1.52-2.19,P<0.001;I2=0%].In addition,sensitivity analysis by omitting one dataset at a time showed consistent results(RR:1.73-2.00,P<0.05).Finally,subgroup analyses according to study country,study design,patient diagnosis,cutoff of copeptin,follow-up duration,and study quality score also showed similar results(P for subgroup difference all>0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with CLD who have high serum copeptin concentrations may be associated with a poor clinical prognosis.

Rehabilitation care of patients with neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury:A literature review

This article reviews the research progress of rehabilitation treatment and nursing care of patients with neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury,in order to provide reference for the rehabilitation treatment and nursing care of patients.We reviewed recent medical literature on patients with neurogenic bladder,focusing on neurogenic bladder caused by spinal cord injury.We analyzed 30 recent of publications in patients with neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury,in addition to reviewing and evaluating the commonly used rehabilitation nursing methods for neurogenic bladder.Psychological counseling is a vital aspect which cannot be neglected in the process of neurogenic bladder rehabilitation.Hitherto,the commonly used drug and surgical treatments may have negatively impacted the mental health of patients in varying degrees.However,in clinical practice,applying intermittent catheterization in patients who have neurogenic bladder with spinal cord injury may help improve patients’life quality,mitigate psychological burden,and reduce negative emotions.

欧洲温室型黄瓜种质资源主要农艺性状遗传多样性分析

为了研究欧洲温室型黄瓜农艺性状遗传多样性、亲缘关系,明确种质资源的特征特性,为欧洲温室型黄瓜新品种选育提供参考,对搜集并纯化的41份欧洲温室型黄瓜自交系进行了第一雌花节位、叶长、叶宽等18个农艺性状鉴定,并进行遗传多样性、相关性和聚类分析。18个农艺性状间变异系数在13.36%~76.48%之间,变异系数最大的性状为第一雌花节位,达到76.48%;变异系数最小的性状为植株生长势,为13.36%、平均变异系数为27.78%。单瓜质量和单株产量均与第一雌花节位呈显著正相关;果皮颜色与果皮硬度呈显著正相关,与心腔比呈极显著负相关。在遗传相似系数(GS)为1.86时,分为三大类,第一类含有23份黄瓜种质资源,占供试材料的56%;第二类含有4份黄瓜种质资源;第三类含有14份黄瓜种质资源。41份欧洲温室型黄瓜材料遗传差异较大,有丰富的遗传多样性,具有较大的育种目标选择潜力,为欧洲温室型黄瓜新品种选育提供了优良资源。

微咸水灌溉下粉垄耕作土壤水盐运移特性

【目的】明确微咸水灌溉条件下粉垄耕作土壤水分入渗规律及水盐运移特征。【方法】基于室内土箱试验,分析3种微咸水矿化度(0g/L(S1)、3g/L(S2)和5g/L(S3))和2种耕作(粉垄耕作(FL)和传统翻耕(FG))条件下的土壤水分入渗特征和水盐运移规律。【结果】水分平均入渗速率和垂直湿润锋推进速率随着微咸水矿化度的升高呈先增大后减小的变化趋势,水平湿润锋运移速度随着微咸水矿化度的升高而持续增加。FL处理下的土壤水分入渗速率、湿润锋推进速率相比FG处理有明显提升。Kostiakov模型可较好地拟合2种耕作措施下的土壤累积入渗量与入渗时间之间的关系(R^(2)>0.99)。灌溉后20 d,FL处理下的土壤含水率均小于相同微咸水矿化度下的FG处理;同一耕作措施下,土壤含水率随着微咸水矿化度的升高而增加。【结论】微咸水灌溉与粉垄耕作对土壤水分入渗、土壤湿润锋运移和土壤水盐再分布具有改善作用。与灌溉前相比,灌溉后20 d,FL处理下的土壤平均脱盐率为42.95%~55.98%,而FG处理下的土壤平均脱盐率为32.34%~43.29%。随着矿化度的增加,FL处理下的平均土壤电导率相比FG处理分别下降22.38%、18.54%和15.68%。

基于重症支气管哮喘差异表达基因及其治疗中药筛选的生物信息学分析

目的:通过生物信息学方法探讨重症支气管哮喘[简称重症哮喘(SA)]的差异表达基因,分析其作用机制,并筛选潜在具有治疗作用的中药及活性成分。方法:在高通量基因表达(GEO)数据库中选取GSE136587和GSE158752数据集,利用R软件对数据集进行差异分析获得差异表达基因,并进行蛋白-蛋白相互作用(PPI)网络分析,筛选核心基因,寻找关键通路和枢纽基因。最后将核心基因提交至Coremine数据库筛选具有潜在治疗作用的中药,并通过《中华医典》检索相关中药方剂。结果:共筛选出466个差异表达基因。通过STRING平台构建PPI网络共筛选包括25 kDa突触关联蛋白(SNAP25)、谷氨酸离子型受体2(GRIA2)、轴突蛋白1(NRXN1)、钾电压门控通道亚家族A成员1(KCNA1)、突触囊泡蛋白1(SYT1)和嗜铬蛋白A(CHGA)等核心靶点25个。基因本体(GO)功能富集显示SA的生物学过程与细胞趋化性和白细胞迁移等有重要关系,京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集的通路主要涉及骨髓白细胞迁移、白细胞趋化性、细胞趋化性、白细胞迁移、对外部刺激反应的正向调节和骨髓白细胞活化等信号通路。采用网络药理学方法基于核心靶点筛选得到具有潜在治疗SA作用的中药367种,其中人参、水牛角、全蝎和黄芪等中药涉及多个核心靶点,与SA具有高度相关性,在《中华医典》中检索具有高度相关性的中药,共得到17个潜在具有治疗效果的中药方剂。结论:通过生物信息学筛选SA的潜在标志物和具有治疗作用的中药,为SA早期诊断和发病机制研究提供新的靶点,为其治疗的中药方剂研发提供思路。

五味苦参肠溶胶囊联合沙利度胺片治疗难治性溃疡性结肠炎的疗效观察及对炎症因子、免疫功能和氧化应激的影响

目的:探究五味苦参肠溶胶囊联合沙利度胺片治疗难治性溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的疗效及对炎症因子、免疫功能和氧化应激的影响。方法:选取2018年6月~2022年6月于某院就诊的86例难治性UC患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组及观察组,每组43例。对照组患者仅给予沙利度胺片治疗,观察组给予沙利度胺片联合五味苦参肠溶胶囊治疗,两组均连续治疗4周。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后的外周血T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))水平、炎症因子水平[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附分子1(VCAM-1)及白介素-10(IL-10)]及氧化应激指标[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]水平、改良Mayo内镜评分、临床疗效及临床症状(腹痛、腹泻、脓血便、肛门灼热)改善时间。结果:治疗后,两组患者CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);CD8^(+)水平较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);hs-CRP、TNF-α、ICAM-1及VCAM-1水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);IL-10水平较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);SOD水平较治疗前升高,MDA水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组的改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者改良Mayo内镜评分较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的临床治疗总有效率(93.02%)高于对照组(79.07%,P<0.05);腹痛、腹泻、脓血便以及肛门灼热等临床症状改善时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:与单用沙利度胺片相比,五味苦参肠溶胶囊联合沙利度胺片可进一步改善难治性UC患者的临床症状,缩短症状改善时间,调节患者体内外周血T淋巴细胞水平,改善炎症因子水平以及氧化应激水平,具有较好的治疗前景,值得临床推广。

基于扩散模型和爬坡趋势分类的风电功率自适应区间预测

扩散模型基于马尔可夫链的概率性质,能够定量描述风电的随机性和不确定性。然而,传统基于扩散模型的时序预测方法以当前输入前一段样本的均值作为基准进行特征缩放,导致预测区间在高峰时段过大、低谷时段过小。因此,提出一种基于扩散模型和爬坡趋势分类的风电功率自适应区间预测方法。首先,利用基于扩散模型的区间预测框架获取初始预测区间。然后,将风电波动过程划分为6种模式,对不同模式下的预测区间采取自适应规整策略,进而获得初始改进区间。接着,针对高出力模式中非爬坡时段的区间带宽不匹配问题,建立爬坡趋势分类评估模型,并结合所属出力模式进行区间修正,获得最终的区间预测结果。最后,实验结果表明所提方法的区间预测效果更优。

考虑风电爬坡灵活调节的碳捕集电厂低碳经济调度

为实现“双碳”目标,风电等可再生能源的使用是减少碳排放的根本途径,而碳捕集电厂是降低碳排放的直接手段。但风电具有与生俱来的波动性,风电的骤升骤降会影响碳捕集电厂“电碳耦合”特性,从而对碳捕集效果带来不利影响。而储液罐通过增减自身溶液量可近似地存储释放能量,为解决上述问题提供了可能。该文首先搭建碳捕集电厂数学模型,分析储液罐通过增减溶液量带来的储放能量与碳捕集设备能耗之间的关联,研究储液罐的双向调节能力;然后,提出上爬坡碳超前补偿和下爬坡碳滞后补偿调度策略,双向调节储液罐使碳捕集电厂电碳解耦;接着,构建跟随风电爬坡进行调节的低碳经济调度模型;最后,对含碳捕集电厂、高碳电厂和风电场的电力系统进行仿真,证明所提方法的有效性。

农村留守儿童抗逆力的结构及问卷编制

为探讨农村留守儿童抗逆力的结构,本研究编制适应于农村留守儿童的抗逆力问卷。本研究采用半结构访谈和开放编码方式构建抗逆力理论模型,形成了初测问卷;采用整群随机抽样法选取农村留守儿童各550名分别进行初测和正式施测,并进行信效度检验。结果显示,农村留守儿童抗逆力问卷包含8个维度(逆境信念、社区融合、积极认知、问题解决、家庭支持、情绪调节、学校适应和朋辈支持)。问卷总分与因子分的Cronbachα系数为0.73~0.81,分半信度为0.83,重测信度为0.90,表明问卷信度良好;验证性因素分析指标拟合良好(χ^(2)/df=1.21,GFI=0.90,TLI=0.91,CFI=0.90,RMSEA=0.039,P=0.001)具有良好的效度;抗逆力总分及各维度得分均与效标问卷得分呈显著正相关(r=0.30~0.62,P<0.01),问卷具有较良好的效标关联效度。描述性统计分析发现,留守女生比男生抗逆力水平更好,留守时间“长短效应”仍然存在,父母受教育程度越高越有利于农村留守儿童抗逆力发展。这项研究表明,农村留守儿童抗逆力问卷具有较好的信度和效度,可用于留守儿童抗逆力的测评。

基于谐振变换器的串联储能单元均压控制策略

储能系统中通常通过串联多个储能单体得到更高的电压,但由于每个储能单体电压的不一致性会降低储能单元的利用率。针对以上问题,提出一种基于谐振变换器的串联储能单元均压控制策略。该均衡电路通过开关阵列与谐振变换器相互配合,实现任意单体之间和任意多单体之间的能量传递,且这两种能量传递模式均实现了零电流开关,减少了电路损耗。为获得最优均衡速度和均衡效率,采用K-Means聚类复合控制策略,优先对分组单元进行均衡,然后再进行单体间的均衡。最后,在Matlab/Simulink平台上对6个串联储能单体进行均衡仿真实验,实验结果表明,在静置均衡实验下,电压在24 min左右达到均衡,且均衡精度达到5 mV,均衡效率达到98.98%。与传统均压方法相比,该方法具有更快的均衡速度和更高的均衡效率。

miR-150-5p靶向ZEB1调控EMT对子宫内膜癌细胞恶性生物学行为的影响

目的探讨微小RNA-150-5p(miR-150-5p)是否可靶向锌指E盒结合蛋白1(ZEB1)调控子宫内膜癌(EC)细胞上皮间质转化(EMT)进而影响癌细胞的恶性生物学行为。方法RT-qPCR技术检测正常子宫内膜和EC组织中、子宫内膜上皮细胞系hEEC及EC细胞系Ishikawa和HEC-1-A中miR-150-5p相对表达量。过表达miR-150-5p,MTT法、菌落形成实验、伤口愈合实验和Transwell实验分别评估Ishikawa细胞活力、克隆形成、迁移及侵袭能力;双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-150-5p与ZEB1的靶向关系;RT-qPCR检测miR-150-5p及ZEB1 mRNA相对表达量;Western blot技术检测ZEB1、E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)蛋白表达量。结果与正常子宫内膜组织比较,EC组织中miR-150-5p相对表达量降低(P<0.05);与hEEC细胞比较,HEC-1-A细胞和Ishikawa细胞中miR-150-5p相对表达量降低(P<0.05),Ishikawa细胞中最低(P<0.05)。与空白组比较,miR-150-5p mimics组细胞490 nm处吸光度值、细胞菌落数、迁移数和侵袭数、ZEB1 mRNA和蛋白相对表达量及N-cadherin、Vimentin和MMP-9蛋白相对表达量显著降低,miR-150-5p相对表达量、E-cadherin蛋白相对表达量显著升高(P<0.05)。经生物信息学分析,ZEB1被预测为miR-150-5p的潜在靶基因。结论miR-150-5p可靶向ZEB1抑制癌细胞的恶性生物学行为,其作用机制可能与调控EC细胞EMT进展有关。

我国高校图书馆科研影响力评价服务的实践与思考

开展科研影响力评价服务是高校图书馆发挥业务优势、拓展服务内容、扩大图书馆影响力的重要途径。笔者细致梳理了我国高校图书馆该服务发展的背景、动因,简述其发展现状,总结北京师范大学图书馆开展该服务的实践,并针对业务良性运行、可持续发展提出建议:按需定制,内容为主;探索并深化多方合作;积极开展业务研究;注重服务展示与宣传;持续推进,提质增效;推进服务体系化发展。

Nitrogen addition promotes foliar litterfall and element return in a subtropical forest,southwestern China

Nitrogen deposition has a considerable impact on biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.However,how litter production and element return respond to N addition remains poorly understood in nitrogen-rich subtropical regions.In this study,a 4-year nitrogen addition experiment explored its eff ects on foliar litter production and carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in a subtropical Michelia wilsonii forest.A clear seasonal pattern in foliar litterfall was observed,regardless of nitrogen treatments,with a peak in spring and a smaller one in autumn.Foliar litter increased with increasing nitrogen but did not aff ect litter carbon concentrations and often decreased nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations.The eff ect of nitrogen addition was dependent on time(month/year).Carbon,nitrogen and phosphorous return showed similar bimodal seasonal patterns.Nitrogen addition increased carbon and nitrogen return but did not aff ect phosphorous.Our results suggest that the addition of nitrogen stimulates carbon and nutrient return via litterfall.

An Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization and Realized Volatility Prediction

The original whale optimization algorithm(WOA)has a low initial population quality and tends to converge to local optimal solutions.To address these challenges,this paper introduces an improved whale optimization algorithm called OLCHWOA,incorporating a chaos mechanism and an opposition-based learning strategy.This algorithm introduces chaotic initialization and opposition-based initialization operators during the population initialization phase,thereby enhancing the quality of the initial whale population.Additionally,including an elite opposition-based learning operator significantly improves the algorithm’s global search capabilities during iterations.The work and contributions of this paper are primarily reflected in two aspects.Firstly,an improved whale algorithm with enhanced development capabilities and a wide range of application scenarios is proposed.Secondly,the proposed OLCHWOA is used to optimize the hyperparameters of the Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)networks.Subsequently,a prediction model for Realized Volatility(RV)based on OLCHWOA-LSTM is proposed to optimize hyperparameters automatically.To evaluate the performance of OLCHWOA,a series of comparative experiments were conducted using a variety of advanced algorithms.These experiments included 38 standard test functions from CEC2013 and CEC2019 and three constrained engineering design problems.The experimental results show that OLCHWOA ranks first in accuracy and stability under the same maximum fitness function calls budget.Additionally,the China Securities Index 300(CSI 300)dataset is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed OLCHWOA-LSTM model in predicting RV.The comparison results with the other eight models show that the proposed model has the highest accuracy and goodness of fit in predicting RV.This further confirms that OLCHWOA effectively addresses real-world optimization problems.

Personalized Learning Path Recommendations for Software Testing Courses Based on Knowledge Graphs

Software testing courses are characterized by strong practicality,comprehensiveness,and diversity.Due to the differences among students and the needs to design personalized solutions for their specific requirements,the design of the existing software testing courses fails to meet the demands for personalized learning.Knowledge graphs,with their rich semantics and good visualization effects,have a wide range of applications in the field of education.In response to the current problem of software testing courses which fails to meet the needs for personalized learning,this paper offers a learning path recommendation based on knowledge graphs to provide personalized learning paths for students.

古代玻璃文物的成分分析及类型鉴别

根据古代玻璃文物的化学成分数据,运用主成分分析和灰色关联分析对高钾玻璃和铅钡玻璃的化学成分进行研究,发现对于两种玻璃制品其化学成分关联性较高的是氧化锶(SrO)和氧化铁(Fe_(2)O_(3)),关联系数分别为1.0和-1.2;运用决策树算法对古代玻璃的化学成分进行数据挖掘并建立随机森林模型,将编号为A1,A6,A7的未知文物划分为高钾玻璃,将编号为A2,A3,A4,A5,A8的文物划分为铅钡玻璃.对该分类结果进行检验,发现该结果的信息损失不到1%,分类结果的BrierScore为0.007 8,这表明所建立的随机森林模型非常可靠,从而为考古工作者对古代玻璃制品的研究提供了依据.

社区老年人数字健康技术焦虑的潜在剖面分析

目的 探究社区老年人数字健康技术焦虑差异性及影响因素,为拟定针对性干预措施提供参考。方法 通过分阶段多层抽样选取青岛市320名社区老年人,采用一般资料调查表、技术焦虑量表、积极老龄化量表进行问卷调查,运用潜在剖面分析识别数字健康技术焦虑的潜在类别,采用logistic回归分析社区老年人数字健康技术焦虑各潜在类别的影响因素。结果 社区老年人的数字健康技术焦虑分为3个潜在类别,分别定义为低技术焦虑型(45.31%)、技术害怕型(33.13%)、技术紧张型(21.56%)。年龄、月收入、户籍、互联网使用情况、对互联网医院等数字健康技术使用意愿、积极老龄化水平是不同潜在类别的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 社区老年人数字健康技术焦虑具有不同的潜在类别,医护人员应根据各类别特征实施针对性干预,改善社区老年人技术焦虑水平。